Association of fracture type with enophthalmos and intraorbital volume correction in orbital fractures: A computed tomographic study.

Purpose: To determine the influence of different types of orbital fractures on the radiographic post-treatment outcomes.

Methods: The investigation was a retrospective cohort study involving CT data of all patients who underwent delayed primary or secondary surgery for orbital/zygomatico-orbital trauma between 2019 and 2021. The sample was divided into three groups 1, 2, and 3: isolated floor, floor and medial wall, and combined orbit and zygomatic complex fractures.

Effectiveness and Distribution of Anesthesia for a Modified Extra Oral Maxillo-Mandibular Nerve Block for Dento-Alveolar Procedures: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified maxillo-mandibular nerve block technique that includes anesthetizing the maxillary and mandibular nerve with single injection.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, clinical cohort study was carried out including patients who presented for surgical removal of maxillary and mandibular third molars. All patients were administered maxilla-mandibular nerve block through a single injection on one side.

Parallel Osteotome Technique: New Approach to Reduce Neurosensory Disturbances following Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine clinically whether the parallel osteotome technique (POST) reduces the incidence of neurosensory disturbances (NSDs) following bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), and to corroborate the findings with finite element analysis.

Methods: The authors conducted a quasiexperimental study of 30 patients requiring BSSO. The sample was divided into two groups: a control group who underwent the conventional osteotomy technique and an experimental group who underwent POST osteotomy.

Trans-mastoid anchorage as a novelty in glenoid fossa reconstruction for hemifacial microsomia with agenesis of zygomatic arch and external acoustic meatus-Technical note with a case illustration.

Total joint reconstruction (TJR) has become the most preferred method of reconstruction in recent years for hemifacial microsomia (HFM). This requires meticulous planning for the glenoid fossa and ramus prosthesis along with the arch in certain indications. TJR in a type V HFM is extremely challenging due to agenesis/hypolasia of the zygoma and arch which compromises anchorage of the glenoid prosthesis.

Study - Comparative Evaluation of Bond Strengths of Stainless Steel Brackets and Ceramic Brackets after Curing with the Argon Laser and the Conventional Visible Light.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strengths of stainless steel brackets and ceramic brackets after treated with conventional visible light and argon laser.

Methodology: Extracted 80 human premolar teeth were collected and stored in distilled water. They are classified into four groups.

Anti-candidal Effect of Ocimum sanctum: A Systematic Review on Microbial Studies.

Candida albicans is the most prevalent candidal species in humans. It is the causative agent and is most commonly associated with more than 90% of serious systemic fungal infections. Even though there are numerous anti-fungal agents, new strains of pathogens develop resistance against these agents.

Effect of β-Caryophyllene on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats.

High fat diet feeding results in hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, which is a major pathological feature of type-2 diabetes mellitus. The use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs is limited due to its deleterious side effects and there is a need to find more efficacious agents for diabetes management. Hence, it is of interest to show the mechanism of action of β-Caryophyllene on insulin signalling molecules in gastrocnemius muscle of high fat diet - induced type-2 diabetic rats.

Ramal bone graft for management of infra-orbital rim fractures with defects - Technical note and a series of 16 cases.

The purpose is to describe a technique of using ramal bone graft for reconstructing defects of the infra-orbital rim (IOR), assess outcomes and complications. This was a retrospective chart review of 16 patients who underwent ramal bone grafting for IOR fractures. Outcomes evaluated were improvement in clinical findings (lid/globe malposition, tethering of facial skin and implant extrusion) and complications.

Evaluating Morphology of the Pterygomaxillary Junction and Its Association With the Orbit in Different Facial Skeletal Relationships.

Purpose: The etiology for blindness after Le Fort I osteotomy is poorly understood. The authors propose that a study of the morphology and anatomical relationship of the pterygomaxillary junction to orbital vital structures may be crucial for understanding the possible etiology.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective observational study involved analysis of data procured from computed tomography scans of individuals who were categorized into 4 groups based on their skeletal characteristics: skeletal Class I, II, and III and cleft lip and palate (CLP).

Does angulation of osteotome during pterygomaxillary dysjunction for a Le Fort I osteotomy influence stress transmission to the orbit? A finite element simulation in normal and cleft maxillae.

Pterygomaxillary (PTM) dysjunction is a technique-sensitive step in Le Fort I osteotomy. Various studies implicate improper osteotomy techniques and anatomical variations of the midface in ophthalmic/orbital complications. The aim of this study was to assess the stress distribution and its transmission to the orbit during PTM dysjunction while using different angulations of the osteotome.

Comparative Evaluation of Plaque Removal Effectiveness of Manual and Chewable Toothbrushes in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: In children, manual dexterity poses a problem with the use of manual tooth brushes (MB), resulting in inefficient plaque removal. Recently, novel chewable brushes (CB) have been introduced which could overcome this problem but are less researched in children. The objective of this study is to assess and compare the plaque removal effectiveness of CB with that of MB.

Comparative analysis of subgingival red complex bacteria in obese and normal weight subjects with and without chronic periodontitis.

Background: Obesity is one of the systemic conditions which influence the onset and progression of periodontal disease and it is stated that the metabolic changes associated with obesity may contribute to alteration in subgingival microbial flora.

Aim: Our study was aimed to quantify and compare the red complex microorganisms in obese or overweight and normal weight participants with and without chronic periodontitis to identify obesity as a risk for the presence of red complex bacteria.

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 120 participants of age between 20 and 45 years of both the sexes.

Mid-Face Degloving: An Alternate Approach to Extended Osteotomies of the Midface.

Extended osteotomies for mid-face advancement require generous exposure of the anterior maxilla, nasal bones, infraorbital rims, orbital floor, zygoma, and the anterior third of the zygomatic arches. This cannot be obtained with an exclusive transoral approach. Hence, the surgeon is usually compelled to utilize supplemental cutaneous incisions that are a compromise on the purpose behind a cosmetic surgery.

Comparative Analysis of GCF Resistin Levels in Obese Subjects with and without Periodontal Disease.

Introduction: Resistin is an adipocyte derived hormone that has been shown to play a substantial role in the development of insulin resistance. Resistin acts as a pro-inflammatory molecule and stimulates the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have reported the association of Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) resistin levels with periodontal condition.

Evaluation of plasma reactive oxygen metabolites levels in obese subjects with periodontal disease.

Background: Obesity represents the systemic condition capable of influencing the onset and progression of periodontal disease. Obesity is associated with oxidative stress. Plasma level of reactive oxidative metabolites (ROMs) is measured as an indicator of oxidative stress in the body.

Harvesting dental stem cells - Overview.

Dental stem cells have recently become one of the widely researched areas in dentistry. Ever since the identification of stem cells from various dental tissues like deciduous teeth, dental papilla, periodontal ligament and third molars, storing them for future use for various clinical applications was being explored. Dental stem cells were harvested and isolated using various techniques by different investigators and laboratories.

Total Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction for Management of TMJ Ankylosis.

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis involves the fusion of the mandibular condyle to the glenoid fossa, the skull base. The dilemma with regards to treatment planning whether distraction is done before gap arthroplasty or as a simultaneous procedure or after gap arthroplasty is still a controversy. In an attempt to carry out both the procedures simultaneously there is loss of vector control of the distal segment and the risk of pseudoarthrosis at the osteotomy site.

Distraction osteogenesis in complex facial asymmetry corrections.

This article highlights the authors' experience in the management of facial asymmetries with the use of distraction osteogenesis. It is a narrative based on the clinical experience at the Meenakshi Cleft & Craniofacial Center at Chennai.

Multifactorial relationship of obesity and periodontal disease.

Obesity is a chronic disease of mutifactorial origin, where there is increase in body fat. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tooth supporting tissues resulting in destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Periodontitis and obesity are both chronic health problems and the literature supports this association.

Unfavourable outcomes in orthognathic surgery.

Unfavourable outcomes are part and parcel of performing surgeries of any kind. Unfavourable outcomes are results of such work, which the patient and or the clinician does not like. This is an attempt to review various causes for unfavorable outcomes in orthognathic surgery and discuss them in detail.

Cephalometric Evaluation of Airway Changes Following Mandibular Distraction in Patients with Nocturnal Desaturations During Sleep Secondary to TMJ Ankylosis.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to cephalometrically evaluate the changes in the oro-pharyngeal airway and its correlation to the clinical outcome following mandibular distraction in patients with sleep disordered breathing secondary to tempero-mandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis.

Methods: Five patients diagnosed as having nocturnal desaturations during sleep secondary to TMJ ankylosis were evaluated in this study. They were evaluated pre and post mandibular distraction using cephalometry, to determine changes in their oro-pharyngeal airway space and, upper and lower airway dimensions.

A comparative clinical study of the efficacy of subepithelial connective tissue graft and acellular dermal matrix graft in root coverage: 6-month follow-up observation.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of subepithelial connective tissue graft and acellular dermal matrix graft associated with coronally repositioned flap in the treatment of Miller's class I and II gingival recession, 6 months postoperatively.

Settings And Design: Ten patients with bilateral Miller's class I or class II gingival recession were randomly divided into two groups using a split-mouth study design.

Materials And Methods: Group I (10 sites) was treated with subepithelial connective tissue graft along with coronally repositioned flap and Group II (10 sites) treated with acellular dermal matrix graft along with coronally repositioned flap.

Lack of RING finger domain (RFD) mutations of the c-cbl gene in oral squamous cell carcinomas in Chennai, India.

Background: In normal cells, activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) molecules are subjected to ubiquitination-mediated proteasome degradation pathway by c-Cbl, an ubiquitin ligase that checks uncontrolled proliferation. Hence expression of wild type c-Cbl molecule is essential to keep this degradation machinery in a functional state. Loss of expression or function of c-Cbl may consequently lead to sustained activation of EGFR and promote carcinogenesis, loss of function mutations in the c-Cbl gene already being reported in lung and hematopoietic cancers.

Catheter-based donor site analgesia after rib grafting: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial comparing ropivacaine and bupivacaine.

Purpose: Although ribs provide the best source of cartilage for reconstruction, its harvesting is associated with significant postoperative pain and sometimes incapacitating functional deficit. The lack of studies in the maxillofacial literature on regional analgesia for rib harvests stimulated this study design. This study compared ropivacaine with bupivacaine in providing postoperative analgesia after rib harvest.

Flapless implant surgery: a 2-year follow-up study of 40 implants.

Objectives: Flapless implant surgery is fast gaining popularity because of several advantages, such as reduced surgical time, postoperative bleeding, and swelling. Studies have shown that flap elevation results in some amount of bone loss. The aim of the current study was to compare the amount of bone loss in procedures using the flapless technique and those where flap elevation was done.