367 results match your criteria: "Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography[Affiliation]"

Studies integrating trophic ecology, physiological condition and accumulation of heavy metals in top predators, such as swordfish, are needed to better understand the links between them and the risk to humans associated with consumption of these fish. This research focuses on the swordfish of the Catalan Sea and follows a multi method approach that considers their diet, their liver lipid content, and mercury accumulation in their bodies as well as in their prey. The aim is to highlight the links between trophic ecology, physiology (fish condition), and eco-toxicology.

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Could Sterile Male Releases Interfere with Population in Reunion Island?

Insects

January 2022

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/Université de Montpellier), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, BP 64501, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France.

In Reunion Island, the feasibility of an control program using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is studied. Because, in some regions, is living in sympatry with , the impact of releasing millions of sterile male on female reproduction needs to be assessed. Thus, to study the potential heterospecific matings, a marking technique using rhodamine B has been used.

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Climate change and mercury in the Arctic: Abiotic interactions.

Sci Total Environ

June 2022

Centre for Earth Observation Sciences (CEOS), Dept. of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.

Dramatic environmental shifts are occuring throughout the Arctic from climate change, with consequences for the cycling of mercury (Hg). This review summarizes the latest science on how climate change is influencing Hg transport and biogeochemical cycling in Arctic terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. As environmental changes in the Arctic continue to accelerate, a clearer picture is emerging of the profound shifts in the climate and cryosphere, and their connections to Hg cycling.

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Mitogenome sequence comparison in the endangered congeneric Pinna nobilis and Pinna rudis bivalves.

Mol Biol Rep

May 2022

Institut Océanographique Paul Ricard, île des Embiez, 83140, Six-Fours-Les-Plages, France.

Background: The pen shells Pinna nobilis and Pinna rudis are large wedge-shaped bivalve molluscs. Both species are threatened by different anthropogenic pressures. In the last few years, P.

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Anthropogenic fibres in white clams, Meretrix lyrata, cultivated downstream a developing megacity, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.

Mar Pollut Bull

January 2022

Asian Center for Water Research (CARE), Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Viet Nam; Aix-Marseille Univ., Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (M I O), Marseille, Universite de Toulon, CNRS/IRD, France. Electronic address:

Anthropogenic fibres are an emerging pollutant worldwide. The Can Gio mangrove area is located downstream of the Saigon River, and is characterised by high level of anthropogenic fibres originating from domestic and industrial textile and apparel manufacturing. In this area, biota is thus subjected to a high potential risk of anthropogenic fibre contamination.

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Evidence that Pacific tuna mercury levels are driven by marine methylmercury production and anthropogenic inputs.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

January 2022

Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), LEMAR, Plouzané F-29280, France.

Pacific Ocean tuna is among the most-consumed seafood products but contains relatively high levels of the neurotoxin methylmercury. Limited observations suggest tuna mercury levels vary in space and time, yet the drivers are not well understood. Here, we map mercury concentrations in skipjack tuna across the Pacific Ocean and build generalized additive models to quantify the anthropogenic, ecological, and biogeochemical drivers.

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Do microbial planktonic communities reflect the ecological changes of Glorieuses coral reefs (Iles Eparses, Western Indian Ocean)?

Mar Pollut Bull

January 2022

Littoral, Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université, UMR 7266 CNRS-ULR, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, Cedex, France.

Ecological baselines for the structure and functioning of ecosystems in the absence of human activity can provide essential information on their health status. The Glorieuses islands are located in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and can be considered as "pristine" ecosystems that have not been subjected to anthropogenic pressure. Their nutrient context and the microbial assemblages were assessed by determining the abundance of heterotrophic prokaryotes (archaea and bacteria), picocyanobacteria, picoeukaryotes, microphytoplankton and protozooplankton communities in five stations, during two contrasted periods (November 2015 and May 2016).

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Use of Stress Signals of Their Attached Bacteria to Monitor Sympagic Algae Preservation in Canadian Arctic Sediments.

Microorganisms

December 2021

CNRS/INSU/IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM 110, Aix-Marseille University, Université de Toulon, 13288 Marseille, France.

Based on the strong aggregation of sympagic (ice-associated) algae and the high mortality or inactivity of bacteria attached to them, it was previously hypothesized that sympagic algae should be significant contributors to the export of carbon to Arctic sediments. In the present work, the lipid content of 30 sediment samples collected in the Canadian Arctic was investigated to test this hypothesis. The detection of high proportions of vaccenic fatty acid (resulting from isomerase (CTI) activity of bacteria under hypersaline conditions) and 10-hydroxyhexadec-8()-enoic acid (resulting from 10-DOX bacterial detoxification activity in the presence of deleterious free palmitoleic acid) confirmed: (i) the strong contribution of sympagic material to some Arctic sediments, and (ii) the impaired physiological status of its associated bacterial communities.

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The adsorption of trace metals on microplastics (MPs) is affected by the presence of surficial biofilms but their interactions are poorly understood. Here, we present the influence of Cu levels in real seawater (Toulon Bay, NW Mediterranean Sea) on microbial communities and Cu content of the resulting biofilms grown during incubation experiments on high density polyethylene. Two sets of incubation experiments were run with seawater supplied with MPs, sampled in two sites with contrasting Cu levels: Pt12 (most contaminated site) and Pt41P (less contaminated site).

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The diffusive gradient in thin film technique was recently adapted to organic compounds. The diffusional coefficient (D) is a key parameter needed to calculate the time-weighted average concentration. In this study, two methods are used for D measurement in two gels (agarose and polyacrylamide): the diffusion cell method (D) and the slice stacking method (D).

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Reports of morphological differences between European anchovy (Engraulis cf. encrasicolus) from coastal and marine habitats have long existed in the ichthyologic literature and have given rise to a long-standing debate on their taxonomic status. More recently, molecular studies have confirmed the existence of genetic differentiation between the two anchovy ecotypes.

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We studied the food web structure and functioning of a coral reef ecosystem in the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia, characterized by low coral cover, high sea surface temperature and meso- to eutrophic waters. The Marquesas constitute a relevant ecosystem to understand the functioning of low diversity reefs that are also subject to global change. A multi-tracer assessment of organic matter pathways was run to delineate ecosystem functioning, using analysis of fatty acids, bulk and compound specific stable isotope analysis and stable isotopes mixing models.

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Marine nitrogen (N) fixation was historically considered to be absent or reduced in nitrate (NO) rich environments. This is commonly attributed to the lower energetic cost of NO uptake compared to diazotrophy in oxic environments. This paradigm often contributes to making inferences about diazotroph distribution and activity in the ocean, and is also often used in biogeochemical ocean models.

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Background: Although considered as holobionts, macroalgae and their surface microbiota share intimate interactions that are still poorly understood. Little is known on the effect of environmental parameters on the close relationships between the host and its surface-associated microbiota, and even more in a context of coastal pollutions. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to decipher the impact of local environmental parameters, especially trace metal concentrations, on an algal holobiont dynamics using the Phaeophyta Taonia atomaria as a model.

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Human exposure to toxic mercury (Hg) is dominated by the consumption of seafood. Earth system models suggest that Hg in marine ecosystems is supplied by atmospheric wet and dry Hg(II) deposition, with a three times smaller contribution from gaseous Hg(0) uptake. Observations of marine Hg(II) deposition and Hg(0) gas exchange are sparse, however, leaving the suggested importance of Hg(II) deposition ill-constrained.

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Benthic exchanges of oxygen and nutrient at the sediment-water interface were investigated under light and dark conditions at 5 selected sites in a sub-tropical atoll. Mean oxygen fluxes were - 1316.5 ± 242.

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In the context of global warming, this study aimed to assess the effect of temperature and irradiance on the macroalgal Taonia atomaria holobiont dynamics. We developed an experimental set-up using aquaria supplied by natural seawater with three temperatures combined with three irradiances. The holobiont response was monitored over 14 days using a multi-omics approach coupling algal surface metabolomics and metabarcoding.

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Summertime Tintinnid Community in the Surface Waters Across the North Pacific Transition Zone.

Front Microbiol

August 2021

CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.

Located from 35° to 45° latitude in both hemispheres, the transition zone is an important region with respect to the planktonic biogeography of the sea. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on the existence of a tintinnid community in the transition zone. In this research, tintinnids along two transects across the North Pacific Transition Zone (NPTZ) were investigated in summer 2016 and 2019.

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Lagrangian betweenness as a measure of bottlenecks in dynamical systems with oceanographic examples.

Nat Commun

August 2021

IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

The study of connectivity patterns in networks has brought novel insights across diverse fields ranging from neurosciences to epidemic spreading or climate. In this context, betweenness centrality has demonstrated to be a very effective measure to identify nodes that act as focus of congestion, or bottlenecks, in the network. However, there is not a way to define betweenness outside the network framework.

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While planktonic viruses have received much attention in recent decades, knowledge of the virome of marine organisms, especially fish, still remains rudimentary. This is notably the case with tuna, which are among the most consumed fish worldwide and represent considerable economic, social and nutritional value. Yet the composition of the tuna virome and its biological and environmental determinants remain unknown.

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Copepods are among the most numerous animals, and they play an essential role in the marine trophic web and biogeochemical cycles. The genus Oithona is described as having the highest density of copepods. The Oithona male paradox describes the activity states of males, which are obliged to alternate between immobile and mobile phases for ambush feeding and mate searching, respectively, while the female is less mobile and feeds less.

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Most of the microbial biogeographic patterns in the oceans have been depicted at the whole community level, leaving out finer taxonomic resolution (i.e., microdiversity) that is crucial to conduct intra-population phylogeographic study, as commonly done for macroorganisms.

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Plastic garbage patches at the ocean surface are symptomatic of a wider pollution affecting the whole marine environment. Sinking of plastic debris increasingly appears to be an important process in the global fate of plastic in the ocean. However, there is insufficient knowledge about the processes affecting plastic distributions and degradation and how this influences the release of additives under varying environmental conditions, especially in deep-sea environments.

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