Evaluation of the association of mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells with childhood asthma.

Background/aim: Innate-like T lymphocytes are a recently defined group of T cells comprising mainly mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. The relationship between MAIT cells and childhood asthma is controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of MAIT cells in patients with allergic asthma (AA) and nonallergic asthma (NAA).

Postoperative corneal remodeling after corneal allograft intrastromal ring segment (CAIRS) implantation for keratoconus: An OCT study.

Objectives: To demonstrate corneal remodeling after corneal allograft intrastromal ring segment (CAIRS) with an anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Design: A prospective observational single-center study.

Methods: This observational study included keratoconus patients who underwent CAIRS implantation into a stromal tunnel.

Sex differences in clinical and polysomnographic features of obstructive sleep apnea: The Turkish sleep apnea database (TURKAPNE) cohort.

Background: Previous reports from relatively small clinical cohorts have suggested that the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) differs between men and women.

Objective: We aimed to explore sex differences in clinical and polysomnographic features of OSA in a large nationwide registry.

Methods: Participants from the ongoing Turkish Sleep Apnea Database (TURKAPNE) Study from 34 centers were included in the current analysis.

Milk ladder: Who? When? How? Where? with the lowest risk of reaction.

The milk ladder (ML) approach, which is the gradual reintroduction of the milk allergen from the least allergenic forms to the most allergenic forms into the diet of the patients, has been utilized mostly in non-IgE-mediated but in some countries also in IgE-mediated-CMPA due to its possible benefits which include nutrition, quality of life and tolerance induction. Despite increasing interest, so far, there is no guideline on ML; thus, the use of this approach shows discrepancies among healthcare professionals as many factors such as dietary habits, patient history, test results, workload, and facilities of the hospitals, the anxiety of the parents/patients may affect the decision on how, when, where and whom to use ML. Here, we reviewed current data on implementing the ML, suggested a 4-step ML including receipts and amounts, and shared our experience on optimal patient selection, appropriate time and steps for initiating ML, and time intervals between the steps targeting the lowest risk of reaction.

Evaluation of HOTAIR, HOXD8, HOXD9, HOXD11 gene expression levels in Turkish patients with acute and chronic myeloid leukemia: A single center experience.

Homeobox (HOX) transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) and HOX genes are reported to be more expressed in various cancers in humans in recent studies. The role of HOTAIR and HOXD genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is not well known. In this study, expression levels of HOXD8, HOXD9 and HOXD11 from HOXD gene family and HOTAIR were determined from peripheral blood samples of 30 AML and 30 CML patients and 20 healthy volunteers by quantitative Real Time PCR.

The relationship between serum uric acid levels and liver stiffness in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and fatty liver disease.

Objective: High serum uric acid levels are associated with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. Several observational studies have shown the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and high serum uric acid. However, this association is controversial due to reverse causality.

Association Between Body Mass Index and Survival in Patients with De Novo Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND This retrospective study from a single center included 289 patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2010 to 2017 and aimed to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on overall survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study involved 289 patients diagnosed with metastatic-stage NSCLC at a single institution between January 2010 and December 2017. Patients were categorized into 2 groups based on their BMI at diagnosis: those with a BMI <25 kg/m² and those with a BMI ≥25 kg/m².

Blood flow restriction training with cross education for quadriceps muscle recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial.

Purpose: Recently, blood flow restriction (BFR) and cross education (CE) trainings are the options for quadriceps strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CE combined with BFR on quadriceps strength and thickness after ACLR.

Methods: Twenty-four male patients [(Age: 24.

Predicting Severe Respiratory Failure in Patients with COVID-19: A Machine Learning Approach.

Studies attempting to predict the development of severe respiratory failure in patients with a COVID-19 infection using machine learning algorithms have yielded different results due to differences in variable selection. We aimed to predict the development of severe respiratory failure, defined as the need for high-flow oxygen support, continuous positive airway pressure, or mechanical ventilation, in patients with COVID-19, using machine learning algorithms to identify the most important variables in achieving this prediction. This retrospective, cross-sectional study included COVID-19 patients with mild respiratory failure (mostly receiving oxygen through a mask or nasal cannula).

Association of the Naples Prognostic Score with Long-Term Adverse Events in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia After Below-the-Knee Endovascular Revascularization.

Objectives: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is the most severe manifestation of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The Naples prognostic score (NPS), a composite marker incorporating serum albumin, total cholesterol, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), has shown prognostic value in various cardiovascular conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the NPS in predicting all-cause mortality and any kind of amputation in patients with CLTI undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) for below-the-knee (BTK) lesions.

The Effect of Using Perioperative Platelet-Rich Plasma on Wound Healing Rate and Prevention of Salivary Fistula Formation in Patients Undergoing Partial Parotidectomy.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the effects of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which increases new connective tissue synthesis and revascularisation, on healing in parotid surgery wounds, prevention of salivary fistula formation, drain removal time and hospitalisation in the postoperative period.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-four patients who had an operation on partial parotidectomy were randomised, and then two groups were created. PRP was obtained by centrifuging the blood taken from the patients in the study group at the end of the surgery.

Comparison of screw fixation and dynamic fixation in the treatment of ankle fractures with syndesmotic ruptures.

Background: Syndesmosis injuries in ankle fractures can significantly impact patient mobility and recovery, making the choice of fixation method crucial for optimal outcomes. This study aimed to compare the quality of reduction and functional results between screw fixation and dynamic fixation in treating syndesmosis injuries in ankle fractures.

Methods: This cohort study included 48 patients (28 males, 20 females) with an ankle fracture accompanied by syndesmosis injury.

Homozygous ASTN1 Nonsense Variant Linked to Epileptic Encephalopathy: A Detailed Report With Unique Clinical Presentation.

Identification of a new pathogenic ASTN1 p.R517X (c.1549C>T) variant in a 7-month-old girl using gene sequencing methods and bioinformatics analysis.

Inspiring Use of Novel Blocks in Chronic Pain Management: Quadro-iliac Plane Block a Promising Step Toward the Future-A Case Report.

Quadro-iliac plane block (QIPB) is a novel regional anesthesia technique that provides analgesia in the abdominal, lumbar, and hip regions. Case reports about the efficacy of this block in the literature are limited. In this report, we would like to share our successful QIPB experience with a patient with chronic myofascial low back pain.

Evaluation of Perilipin Expression in Centrifuged Fat Grafts on Different Revolutions Per Minute and Duration Combinations.

Fat graft applications are one of the most frequently used procedures in reconstructive and aesthetic surgery. Fat graft survival rate is variable and depends on many parameters. Those are the features of recipient area, method of obtaining the fat graft, the procedures applied to the harvest to get pure fat graft and the application techniques.

Physician and Patient Preferences for Oral Anticoagulation Therapy Decision Making in Atrial Fibrillation: Results From a National Best-Worst Scaling Survey in Türkiye.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia and a common cause of ischemic stroke. Stroke prevention with oral anticoagulation (OAC) is the cornerstone of AF management. Patients and their treating physicians may have different views on different attributes of OACs.

Does Prior Lower Abdominal Surgery Prevent Laparoscopic Hernia Repair (Totally Extraperitoneal or Transabdominal Preperitoneal)? A Prospective Observational Study.

Totally extraperitoneal (TEP) surgeries were considered contraindicated in patients who underwent lower abdominal surgery until recently. However, in recent surgeries, it has been reported that they can be performed safely in those cases. Our aim in this study is to investigate the effectiveness of laparoscopic hernia repair methods in patients who have and have not had lower abdominal surgery before.

Somatic genetic alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cholesteatoma.

Background: Cholesteatoma is a proliferative disease that affects the tympanic cavity and temporal bone. Despite many studies and various theories, the etiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma has not been fully elucidated. Features such as invasion, migration, uncontrolled proliferation, and lack of differentiation are observed in both cholesteatoma and neoplasia.

The role of Copeptin in viral lower respiratory tract infections in child: A prospective case-control study.

Background: Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children globally. Copeptin, released by the pituitary gland, serves as a biomarker for various conditions and, as a neuroendocrine stress hormone, is useful in acute conditions. This study aimed to determine the role of copeptin levels in LRTI in children and whether it can reliably predict pneumonia severity.

Long Terms Results of Temporal Facelift: 6 Years of Experience in 250 Cases.

Background: Temporal facelift (TFL) is an innovative technique for lifting the upper and mid-face. It is characterized by a unique dissection plane above the subgaleal fascia, which seamlessly transitions into the sub-superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) layer in the mid-face. This approach enables comprehensive mid-face elevation, robust canthopexy, and a significant brow lift in various vectors.

A Novel Variant in an Asymptomatic Adolescent Girl with Progressive Cavitating Leukoencephalopathy.

Introduction: Pathogenic variants in several genes encoding components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain have been linked to various clinical phenotypes such as progressive cavitating leukoencephalopathy (PCL). The association between PCL, previously linked to numerous gene mutations in the literature, and the gene mutations has emerged as a recent and noteworthy discovery. PCL is generally diagnosed in symptomatic patients during the early years of life, mostly in infancy.

Increased levels of DNA methyltransferases in the placentas of women affected by Placenta Accreta Spectrum lead to aberrant DNA methylation patterns.

Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) is a serious placental abnormality assosiated with significant maternal death during pregnancy. Due to its invasive characteristics resembling tumor growth, PAS is often associated with tumor-related proteins. While DNA methylation is known to regulate genes involved in development, its potential role in the development of PAS remains unclear.