Impact on Distance and Near Contrast Sensitivity of Multifocal Contact Lenses: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To investigate the impact on distance and near contrast sensitivity (CS) after fitting multifocal contact lenses (MFCLs) for presbyopia correction according to the scientific evidence already published.

Methods: Three bibliographic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were articles written in English evaluating distance and/or near CS in presbyopic patients using MFCLs, controlled clinical trials, and articles published from 2000 to 2024.

Diagnostic Performance of Visionix VX120+ Platform for Dry Eye Screening.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of diagnosing dry eye disease (DED) by using the Visionix VX120+, to establish reference values for tear meniscus height (TMH) and non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), and to compare the NIBUT measurements with the fluorescein tear break-up time (FBUT), Methods: fifty-eight subjects (34 dry eye and 24 control) were enrolled. The TMH, first NIBUT, and NIBUT50% were evaluated with the Visionix VX120+, and the FBUT was measured with a slit-lamp. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance, and the Bland-Altman method was performed to analyze the agreement.

Corneal and intraocular pressure changes associated to the circadian rhythms: a narrative review.

Aim: To synthesize the current body of research regarding the diurnal variations in intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal biomechanical and morphological parameters, highlighting their significance in various eye conditions.

Methods: A comprehensive review of studies on the diurnal variations of IOP and corneal parameters was conducted. Tonometry findings from various studies were assessed, including the Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and non-contact tonometers.

Axial length association with corneoscleral sagittal height and scleral asymmetry.

Purpose: To determine how corneoscleral geometry changes with axial length and to assess the usefulness of including the sagittal configuration of the anterior segment when predicting the axial length.

Methods: An observational study was performed including 96 healthy subjects (96 eyes). Axial length was calculated from optical biometry (IOL Master 500).

Visual Performance of Children with Amblyopia after 6 Weeks of Home-Based Dichoptic Visual Training.

Objectives: This study was aimed at analyzing the efficacy on the improvement of the visual function of a dichoptic online cloud-based platform for the treatment of amblyopia in anisometropic children.

Methods: A quasi-experimental (pretest-post-test) study was conducted in 23 subjects with ages from 5 to 15 years old with anisometropic amblyopia combined with additional presence (2 subjects) or not (21 subjects) of microtropia. A total of 30 home-based training sessions of 30 min per session with Bynocs platform were prescribed for 6 weeks.

Eye Tracking-Based Characterization of Fixations during Reading in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

An efficient mode of evaluation for eye movements is the use of objective eye tracking systems combined with subjective tests (NSUCO or DEM), which are easily applicable across all age groups and in eye care clinical settings. The objective of this study was to characterize fixations during reading in two groups: a group of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDG, 24 children, age: 6-12 years) and a group of children with oculomotor anomalies but without NDD (OAG, 24 children, age: 6-12 years). The results obtained were compared with those from a control group (CG, 20 children, age: 6-12 years).

Neural Changes after Vision Therapy in Convergence Insufficiency: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To investigate if the use of vision therapy (VT) in convergence insufficiency (CI) has a significant neural impact and how it correlates with the clinical changes occurring with this option of treatment.

Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases, where all the scientific literature on the neural impact of VT in CI was analyzed. A total of 17 articles were initially found and a detailed analysis was carried out.

Cost-effectiveness of low-astigmatism correction with toric or spherical intraocular lenses combined with corneal incisions: an economic evaluation.

Purpose: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the treatment of low corneal astigmatism (≤1.5 diopters) at the moment of cataract surgery.

Setting: Qvision, Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Almería Hospital, Spain.

Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality on the Binocular and Accommodative Function: A Systematic Review About Literature and Its Current Limitations.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the scientific literature about the effect of VR on the accommodative and binocular function of healthy subjects with both normal visual conditions and binocular anomalies assessing the quality of the existing studies to detect possible limitations and improve future study designs.

Methods: A search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases with the search equation (Virtual reality OR head-mounted displays) AND (accommodation OR accommodative) AND (vergence* OR convergence OR divergence OR binocular vision). A limitation was made in terms of the date of publication from 2010 onwards, identifying a total of 198 publications.

Analysis of Treatment Discontinuation in Orthokeratology: Studying Efficacy, Safety, and Patient Adherence Over Six Months.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and participant compliance of orthokeratology treatment for the correction of myopic refractive errors over a six-month prospective study and to define the potential reasons for early treatment discontinuation.

Methods: A total of 32 participants with low-to-moderate myopia were fitted with the spherical model of corneal refractive therapy (CRT) orthokeratology lenses (Paragon Vision Sciences) and followed over six months, with specific attention to alterations in refractive error, corneal topography, and epithelial thickness. Concurrently, participant feedback and reasons for any treatment discontinuation were documented.

Rehabilitation of amblyopia using a digital platform for visual training combined with patching in children: a prospective study.

Purpose: To assess the possible benefits of the use of perceptual learning and dichoptic therapy combined with patching in children with amblyopia over the use of only patching.

Methods: Quasi-experimental multicentric study including 52 amblyopic children. Patients who improved their visual acuity (VA) by combining spectacles and patching were included in patching group (PG: 20 subjects), whereas those that did not improved with patching performed visual training (perceptual learning + dichoptic therapy) combined with patching, being assigned to the visual treatment group (VT: 32 subjects).

Economic evaluations in cataract surgery: a narrative review.

Economic evaluations are tools for assessing emerging technologies and a complement for decision-making in healthcare systems. However, this topic may not be familiar for doctors and academics, who may be confused when interpreting the results of studies using these tools. Cataract is a disease which has received special attention in healthcare systems due to its high incidence, the great impact that it could have on patients' quality of life, and the fact that it can be definitively solved in almost all cases through cataract surgery.

Safety, Efficacy, and Visual Performance of an Orthokeratology Lens with Increased Compression Factor.

The aim was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and visual performance of an orthokeratology lens with an increased compression factor (ICF) of 1.25 D in a 3-month follow-up. Thirty-six myopic patients (5 males and 31 females; 24.

Orthokeratology effect on the corneoscleral profile: Beyond the bull's eye.

Purpose: To assess the impact of 3 months of orthokeratology (ortho-k) contact lenses (CLs) for myopia correction on the corneoscleral profile, as changes in scleral geometry could serve as indirect evidence of alteration in the corneal biomechanical properties.

Methods: Twenty subjects (40 eyes) were recruited to wear ortho-k lenses overnight; however, after discontinuation (two CL fractures, one under-correction and two non-serious adverse events), 16 subjects (31 eyes) finished a 3-month follow-up. Corneoscleral topographies were acquired using the Eye Surface Profiler (ESP) system before and after 3 months of lens wear.

Comparison of the optical behaviour of five different multifocal diffractive intraocular lenses in a model eye.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the optical performance of five trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) following the ISO 11979-2 standards, analysing the impact of tilt and decentration. Five different diffractive trifocal IOLs were evaluated in this experimental study: Acriva Trinova (VSY-Biotechnology) (AT), FineVision HP (PhysIOL) (FVHP), AT LISA tri 839 MP (Zeiss) (ATLT), PanOptix TFNT00 IOL (Alcon) (PO), and Tecnis Synergy (J&J Vision) (TS). In-vitro optical quality analysis of them was performed with the Lambda PMTF system that has an aberration neutral cornea model (Lambda-X Ophthalmics).

Efficacy of Soft Contact Lenses for Myopia Control: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To summarize and analyze critically the scientific evidence focused on the effectiveness of the use of hydrophilic contact lenses (HCLs) in myopia control, as well as their impact on visual quality and the involvement on the accommodative and binocular function.

Methods: This systematic review was developed selecting all original studies which evaluated HCLs for myopia control with follow-up of at least 1 year. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from PubMed MEDLINE and Scopus.

ITI consensus report on zygomatic implants: indications, evaluation of surgical techniques and long-term treatment outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of the ITI Consensus Workshop on zygomatic implants was to provide Consensus Statements and Clinical Recommendations for the use of zygomatic implants.

Materials And Methods: Three systematic reviews and one narrative review were written to address focused questions on (1) the indications for the use of zygomatic implants; (2) the survival rates and complications associated with surgery in zygomatic implant placement; (3) long-term survival rates of zygomatic implants and (4) the biomechanical principles involved when zygoma implants are placed under functional loads. Based on the reviews, three working groups then developed Consensus Statements and Clinical Recommendations.

Reliability and Agreement of Keratometry Measurements Obtained With Eye Surface Profilometry and Partial Coherence Interferometry.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of keratometry parameters obtained using the Eye Surface Profiler (ESP) system and their agreement with the IOL Master 500 device.

Methods: Seventy-one eyes of 71 healthy participants were evaluated. Three repeated measurements were performed using the ESP system.

Efficacy of Presbyopia-Correcting Contact Lenses: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To analyze critically the clinical trials on presbyopia correction with contact lenses (CLs) to investigate the quality of the research performed.

Methods: A search was performed in PubMed database on clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of the presbyopia correction with different CLs, including multifocal or simultaneous vision contact lenses (MCLs). After a comprehensive analysis of the relevant publications found, quality assessment of such publications was performed by means of Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist tool according to the five types of evaluations: MCL versus spectacles, MCL versus pinhole CLs, MCL versus monovision, comparison between MCL designs, and MCL versus extended depth of focus CLs.

Amblyopia Treatment through Immersive Virtual Reality: A Preliminary Experience in Anisometropic Children.

The use of digital devices provides a wide range of possibilities for measuring and improving visual function, including concepts such as perceptual learning and dichoptic therapy. Different technologies can be used to apply these concepts, including, in recent years, the introduction of virtual reality (VR) systems. A preliminary experience in treating anisometropic amblyopia through an immersive VR device and using prototype software is described.

Professional perspective and practice patterns of vision therapy in Spain.

Clinical Relevance: An analysis of the professional perspective of vision therapy (VT) by eye care professionals allows understanding the current controversies about this therapeutic option of which aspects can be improved for its correct application in clinical practice.

Background: The aim of the current study was to analyse the perception of VT and the clinical protocols in this context followed among optometrists and ophthalmologists in Spain.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey among Spanish optometrists and ophthalmologists.

Optical simulations of the impact of vault increase in scleral contact lenses in healthy eyes.

Purpose: To investigate by using computational simulations the optical impact of the change in the vault of two geometries of scleral contact lenses (SCLs).

Methods: Ray-tracing simulations were performed using specialized software in three eye models with different levels of primary SA (6 mm pupil). Two different geometries of SCL were used in such simulations characterized by the conic constants of the anterior surface of the lens (K1, -0.

Economic Evaluation of Cataract: A Systematic Mapping Review.

Introduction: The purpose of this article was to ascertain the existing literature and find the gaps in economic evaluations of cataracts.

Methods: Systematic methods were used to search and collect the published literature on economic evaluations of cataracts. A mapping review of studies published in the following bibliographical databases was performed: the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science (WOS), and the Central of Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) database.

Corneoscleral junction angle in healthy eyes assessed objectively.

Purpose: To introduce a fully objective method to measure corneoscleral junction (CSJ) angle and evaluate the CSJ angle in healthy eyes.

Methods: Corneoscleral topography (Eye Surface Profiler, ESP) was acquired from the right eye of 105 healthy Caucasian subjects, ranging from 18 to 59 years old. From the raw anterior eye height data, the topographic limbus was automatically demarcated in 360 semi-meridians.