Ultrasound-Guided Subclavian Perivascular Brachial Plexus Block Using 0.5% Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Ultrasound guidance has dramatically improved the accuracy of nerve localization, and various adjuvants prolong the block and extend analgesia.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine added to 0.5% bupivacaine on the onset and duration of motor and sensory blockade and the duration of analgesia.

Maternal Factors Associated with Mode of Delivery in a Population with a High Cesarean Section Rate.

We sought to identify factors associated with mode of delivery in a peri-urban Indian population with a high cesarean section rate. Poisson regression with robust error variance was applied to model factors associated with cesarean compared to vaginal delivery in a prospective, preconception pregnancy cohort study in Telangana State, India. Adjusted relative risks and 95% confidence intervals from multivariable models are presented.

Adverse infant outcomes associated with caesarean section delivery in India.

Background: Caesarean section delivery is increasing worldwide and in India, yet little is known about the effect on infants. We examined the association between caesarean delivery and adverse infant outcomes in an Indian national survey, accounting for factors related to the mode of delivery.

Methods: Inverse probability weighted logistic regression analysis of the 2015-2016 India National Family Health Survey obtained adjusted ORs (aORs) and 95% CIs.

Estimated dengue force of infection and burden of primary infections among Indian children.

Background: Comprehensive, age-stratified dengue surveillance data are unavailable from India and many more dengue cases occur than are reported. Additional information on dengue transmission dynamics can inform understanding of disease endemicity and infection risk.

Methods: Using age-stratified dengue IgG seroprevalence data from 2556 Indian children aged 5-10 years, we estimated annual force of infection (FOI) at each of 6 sites using a binomial regression model.

Morbidity profile of orphan children in Southern India.

Background: Orphan children globally and in India are increasing. Magnitude of their health problems is unknown. The present study was carried out to assess the morbidity pattern of orphan children aged 10-16 years, assess their knowledge about signs and symptoms of common childhood morbidities and treatment-seeking practices.

A Prospective Crossover Study Evaluating the Efficacy of King Vision Video Laryngoscope in Patients Requiring General Anesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation.

Background: Direct laryngoscopy used for tracheal intubation requires aligning the pharyngeal, laryngeal and oral axes to achieve a line of sight. Video laryngoscopy provides a better view of the glottis without the need for aligning the three axes.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of King vision laryngoscope over Macintosh laryngoscope in visualizing the glottis and intubating the trachea, when used on a same patient as in a cross over manner.

Technology enabled non-physician health workers extending telemedicine to rural homes to control hypertension and diabetes (TETRA): A pre-post demonstration project in Telangana, India.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of an intervention anchored on mHealth and task sharing strategy of involving non-physician health workers (NPHW) on population level detection, treatment and control of hypertension and diabetes in India.

Methods: Non-physician health workers (NPHWs) equipped with tablet computers that were linked with point-of-care devices for blood pressure (BP) and blood sugar measurements visited households, screened adult individuals for hypertension and diabetes from two randomly selected villages in the Medchal district, Telangana, India. Further, they digitally connected those individuals with hypertension and diabetes to a study physician via Skype, and handed over a printed e-prescription.

Serum protein signature of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of the present study was to discriminate the Indian CAD patients with or without T2DM by using multiple pathophysiological biomarkers.

Methods: Using sensitive multiplex protein assays, we assessed 46 protein markers including cytokines/chemokines, metabolic hormones, adipokines and apolipoproteins for evaluating different pathophysiological conditions of control, T2DM, CAD and T2DM with CAD patients (T2DM_CAD).

Mode of delivery and short-term infant health outcomes: a prospective cohort study in a peri-urban Indian population.

Background: Previous studies have found a relationship between cesarean section delivery and adverse outcomes in the offspring, partially attributing these findings to differential development of immunity in infants delivered by cesarean compared to vaginal delivery. The purpose of this study is to determine whether cesarean section delivery is associated with higher reports of adverse short-term infant health outcomes in a peri-urban Indian population.

Methods: Data from a prospective pregnancy cohort study in a peri-urban region of Telangana State, India, were analyzed to assess the association between mode of delivery, cesarean section or vaginal, and maternal report of recent infant diarrhea and/or respiratory symptoms at a 6 month follow-up visit.

Fever awareness, management practices and their correlates among parents of under five children in urban India.

Background: Awareness regarding fever is reportedly low among Indian urban parents, leading to its over- management among under five children. We attempted to study the awareness and fever management practices of South Indian urban parents. The objectives were to find the awareness of parents regarding childhood fever management, and correlates of practices.

Hypertension and its Correlates in the Oldest Old Population Aged 80 Years and Above in Urban South India.

Background: Hypertension is a major problem among the geriatric population, presenting the risk of multiple associated co-morbidities and organ system damage. Data related to the epidemiology of controlled and uncontrolled hypertension among the oldest old population is sparse, more so from developing countries. The objectives of the present paper were to identify the prevalence and correlates of hypertension according to gender among the urban community-dwelling healthy oldest old population.

Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), bone structure, and structural geometry among rural South Indian, US Caucasian, and Afro-Caribbean older men.

Unlabelled: Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) provides biomechanical estimates of bone strength. Rural South Indian men have reduced biomechanical indices of bone strength compared to US Caucasian and Afro-Caribbean men. This suggests an underlying higher risk of osteoporotic fractures and greater future fracture burden among the rural South Indian men.

Comparison of adductor canal block and IPACK block (interspace between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee) with adductor canal block alone after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective control trial on pain and knee function in immediate postoperative period.

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) is a peripheral nerve blockade technique that provides good pain control in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty which however does not relieve posterior knee pain. The recent technique of an ultrasound-guided local anesthetic infiltration of the interspace between popliteal artery and the capsule of posterior knee (IPACK) has shown promising results in providing significant posterior knee analgesia without affecting the motor nerves.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted from September 2016 to March 2017 in a total of 120 patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Correlates of Cognitive Impairment among Indian Urban Elders.

Background: Cognitive impairment among elderly is increasing owing to increases in life expectancy globally. The problem is multifactorial. The objective of the present paper was to study the correlates of cognitive impairment in an urban elderly population in India.

Geriatric Depression and its Correlates among South Indian Urbans.

Background: Geriatric depression is a growing global problem, expected to be the leading cause of mortality in the next decade. We attempted to explore the previously unidentified burden of depression and its correlates amongst South Indian elderly residing in an urban area.

Methods: A cross sectional study including 100 community dwelling urban elders aged 60 years and older was conducted.

Comparative analysis of influence of adductor canal block and multimodal periarticular infiltration versus adductor canal block alone on pain and knee range of movement after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective non-randomised study.

Purpose: Pain management after total knee arthroplasty has seen many recent advances such as peripheral nerve blocks in order to improve the functional outcome and reduce morbidity after surgery. Adductor canal block (ACB) and multimodal periarticular infiltration (MPI) are two techniques that have been proven to be efficacious individually. We hypothesized that the combination of ACB with MPI would reduce pain and improve knee range of movement (ROM) compared to ACB alone.

Thyroid Hormone Levels in Chronic Alcoholic Liver Disease Patients Before and After Treatment.

Introduction: Alcoholic liver disease affects almost all aspects of the thyroid gland including the thyroid hormone levels and the thyroid gland size. The altered thyroid hormone levels in alcoholic liver disease may affect alcohol abstinence in withdrawal period by changing hormone milieu in brain, increasing withdrawal dysphoria and increasing craving.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the levels of thyroid hormones- free T3, free T4, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) in chronic alcoholic liver disease patients before and after treatment.

Burden and Correlates of Falls among Rural Elders of South India: Mobility and Independent Living in Elders Study.

Aim: Falls are an important contributor to loss of function, morbidity, and mortality in elders. Little is known about falls in Indian populations. The objective of this cross-sectional report was to identify the prevalence and correlates of falls in a cohort of 562 rural southern Indian men and women.

Lip prints- A study of its uniqueness among students of MediCiti Medical College.

Background: "Cheiloscopy" is a technique that deals with lip prints. The pattern of fine creases on the lips are unique to the individual. They are similar to finger prints and useful in crime investigation.

Lower Serum Vitamin D Metabolite Levels in Relation to Circulating Cytokines/Chemokines and Metabolic Hormones in Pregnant Women with Hypertensive Disorders.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether lower serum vitamin D metabolite levels were associated with altered cytokine/chemokine and metabolic hormone levels in three different hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP). Healthy pregnancy ( = 30) and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) ( = 30), i.e.

Beneficial Effects of Yogasanas and Pranayama in limiting the Cognitive decline in Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Out of many complications that were observed in type 2 diabetes, cognitive impairment is the most neglected.

Aim And Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess the cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes and to observe the role of yogasanas and pranayama in ameliorating the cognitive decline.

Materials And Methods: Sixty eight type 2 diabetic subjects were recruited in the study, 34 of them did specific yogasanas and pranayama (test group) for six months and the remaining age and sex matched 34 subjects were recruited as (control group) who were not on any specific exercise regimen.

Design of the Mobility and Independent Living in Elders Study: An older adult cohort in rural India.

Aim: The Mobility and Independent Living in Elders Study (MILES) was established in 2012 to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for disability and age-related disease in rural older Indians. Here we describe the main goals of MILES, the essential elements of its design and examinations, and the initial findings from the baseline visit.

Methods: A random sample of 562 men and women aged ≥60 years was enrolled from the Medchal region in Telangana State.

Genotype-phenotype correlations of dyshormonogenetic goiter in children and adolescents from South India.

Background: Dyshormonogenetic goiter is one of the most common causes of hypothyroidism in children and adolescents in iodine nonendemic areas. The exact genotype-phenotypic correlations (GPCs) and risk categorization of hypothyroid phenotypes of dyshormonogenetic mutations are largely speculative. The genetic studies in pediatric dyshormonogenesis are very sparse from Indian sub-continent.

Dengue serotype-specific seroprevalence among 5- to 10-year-old children in India: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Dengue surveillance data in India are limited and probably substantially underestimate the burden of disease. A community-based study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of dengue-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in children across India and to examine historical dengue exposure rates. Potential associations between socio-economic factors and dengue seroprevalence were also assessed (registered at ctri.

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in an Infant Caused by - A Case Report.

() is an aerobic Gram-negative bacillus that is a frequent colonizer of fluids used in the hospital setting. The organism is known to cause life threatening infections in immuno-compromised patients especially in those who are neutropenic, on chemotherapy or on broad spectrum antibiotics. We report a case of ventilator associated pneumonia caused by in a two-month old infant who later developed multi organ dysfunction syndrome.