17,831 results match your criteria: "Medicine and Caring Sciences; Linköping University[Affiliation]"

Background: Caring for older people has become a significant public health concern in Sri Lanka due to the growing aging population. This has placed a heavy burden on family caregivers, particularly those caring for older individuals with multiple chronic conditions. Recognizing this challenge, the present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sinhala version of the 10-item short form of the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers (BSFC-s) and assess caregiver burden and associated factors among caregivers of older people aged over 65 years with multimorbidity.

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3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; commonly referred to as "ecstasy" or "molly") is a substituted amphetamine drug that is used recreationally for its acute psychoactive effects, including euphoria and increased energy, as well as prosocial effects such as increased empathy and feelings of closeness with others. Acute adverse effects can include hyperthermia, dehydration, bruxism, and diaphoresis. Post-intoxication phenomena may include insomnia, anhedonia, anxiety, depression, and memory impairment, which can persist for days following drug cessation.

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Aims: The REDUCE-AMI trial showed that beta-blockers in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) had no effect on mortality or cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this substudy was to evaluate whether global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a better prognostic marker than LVEF, and if beta-blockers have a beneficial effect in patients with decreased GLS.

Methods And Results: REDUCE-AMI was a registry-based randomized clinical trial.

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Introduction: The influence of age on brief motivational interventions (BMI) effects remains unknown. In the present study, we explored whether change in alcohol consumption after BMI differs across age groups and whether these differences are reflected in motivational interviewing (MI) counsellor skills.

Method: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial among emergency room (ER) patients screened for unhealthy alcohol consumption.

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare systems across the United States resources were consumed caring for COVID-19 patients. Past research on trauma activations during COVID-19 has found changes to hospital length of stay and discharge locations. Subaxial spine fractures are potentially debilitating injuries that require timely surgery and extensive rehabilitation.

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Background: Black individuals with cancer have a higher prevalence of comorbidities and a worse cancer prognosis than other racial groups in the US. As part of a quality improvement project, we aimed to demonstrate feasibility of self-monitoring and community health worker (CHW) support among managing comorbidities for Black individuals with breast or prostate cancer.

Methods: In a single arm, pre-post study, we enrolled patients with diabetes and/or hypertension who identified as Black and were diagnosed with 1) stage 0-IV breast cancer, or 2) prostate cancer and on long-term androgen-deprivation therapy.

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Background: Written discharge instructions after hospitalization promote patient understanding and positive clinical outcomes. Despite the rising prevalence of patients with non-English language preference (NELP) in the U.S.

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'See Me as a Person': A Qualitative Study of Long-Term Care Recipients Perceptions of High-Quality Care.

J Clin Nurs

January 2025

Centre for Care Research, Department of Health Science in Gjøvik, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, Norway.

Aim: To explore long-term care recipients' perceptions of high-quality care and how person-centred approaches are applied in the services.

Design: A descriptive explorative qualitative design.

Methods: Data were collected through individual interviews with 19 care recipients and 197 h of participant observation at 10 nursing homes and home care units in three Norwegian municipalities.

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Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) social chatbots represent a major advancement in merging technology with mental health, offering benefits through natural and emotional communication. Unlike task-oriented chatbots, social chatbots build relationships and provide social support, which can positively impact mental health outcomes like loneliness and social anxiety. However, the specific effects and mechanisms through which these chatbots influence mental health remain underexplored.

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Nutritional epidemiology aims to link dietary exposures to chronic disease, but the instruments for evaluating dietary intake are inaccurate. One way to identify unreliable data and the sources of errors is to compare estimated intakes with the total energy expenditure (TEE). In this study, we used the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water Database to derive a predictive equation for TEE using 6,497 measures of TEE in individuals aged 4 to 96 years.

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"That's not fair on my kid": Carers' perspectives on sport participation and experiences for children in out-of-home care.

Psychol Sport Exerc

January 2025

School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.

Children in out-of-home care participate in less organised sport than children from other household structures, potentially reducing opportunities for improvements in social, developmental, and health outcomes. Despite this, little is known about barriers and facilitators of sport participation for children in care. We aimed to explore carers' perspectives on the influences on children in care's participation and experiences in organised sport.

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Provider perspectives on caring for patients with limited English proficiency-a national survey of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology.

Gynecol Oncol Rep

February 2025

Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.

Background: In diversity, equity and inclusion research, overcoming barriers in language discordant patient care is one of the largest and most challenging gaps. It is well established that patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) have higher rates of misdiagnosis, medical errors, and serious adverse events, and recommended best practices for LEP patient care are often not followed.

Objective: Our team sought to elicit provider perspectives regarding the barriers they face in caring for LEP patients-especially the unique challenges faced when caring for patients with complex and sensitive diagnoses such as gynecologic cancer.

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Personality can be considered a system characterized by complex dynamics that are extremely adaptive depending on continuous interactions with the environment and situations. The present preliminary study explores the dynamic interplay between brain flexibility and personality by taking the dynamic approach to personality into account, thereby drawing from Cloninger's psychobiological model. 46 healthy individuals were recruited, and their brain dynamics were assessed using magnetoencephalography (MEG) during the resting state.

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Objectives: Historically, patients with cancer were referred to palliative care near the end of life. In recent years, the increased integration of palliative care throughout the entire trajectory of illness has helped patients with cancer better manage their symptoms and improve QOL. However, it is unknown how patients think about the presence and role of earlier, integrated palliative care.

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Long-acting antiretroviral treatment (LA ART) is a forthcoming option for adolescents and young people living with HIV (AYPLHIV), but perspectives on using peer mentors to implement LA ART for AYPLHIV are unknown. We conducted seven focus group discussions ( = 58 participants) from November 2021 to April 2022 in Kenya with four stakeholder groups, including AYPLHIV, healthcare providers, advocates, and policymakers. We used inductive coding and thematic analysis.

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Gender Inequalities in Employment of Parents Caring for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in China: Cross-Sectional Study.

JMIR Pediatr Parent

December 2024

School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Number 31, Road 3rd, Bei-Ji-Ge, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China, 86 13621224975.

Background: The increasing need for child care is placing a burden on parents, including those with children with autism.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the employment status of Chinese mothers and fathers with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as to investigate the factors that affected their employment decisions.

Methods: An online national survey was completed by the parents of 5018 children and adolescents with ASD aged 2-17 years (4837 couples, 181 single mothers, and 148 single fathers).

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Characterizing the Profile of Anhedonia in Individuals With Schizotypal Traits, Subthreshold Depression and Autistic Traits.

Psych J

January 2025

Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Anhedonia is believed to be transdiagnostic symptom exist in various disorders including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. However, very few studies attempted to profile subclinical samples with schizophrenia, depressive, and autistic symptoms using measures of anhedonia scales. This study adopted a cluster analytical approach to examine the anhedonia profile in 46 individuals with schizotypal trait (ST), 43 subthreshold depression (SD), 27 autistic trait (AT), and 41 healthy controls.

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Objective: The term 'research participation effects' (RPEs) is intended to capture features and artefacts of study design that may affect measured outcomes in ways that introduce bias into research findings, impacting inference and outcome validity. This systematic review aims to identify which RPEs have been studied in the context of alcohol research and provide an overview of estimates of RPEs on self-reported alcohol consumption.

Study Design And Setting: This systematic review summarises the available evidence on research participation effects in alcohol research.

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Meat intake in relation to composition and function of gut microbiota.

Clin Nutr

January 2025

Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Preventive Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University Sweden, Sweden. Electronic address:

Objective: Meat intake is suggested to affect gut microbiome composition and the risk of chronic diseases. We aimed to identify meat-associated gut microbiome features and their association with host factors.

Design: Gut microbiota species were profiled by deep shotgun metagenomics sequencing in 9669 individuals.

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Elite para athletes with active coping behaviour are less likely to report a sports injury.

Br J Sports Med

December 2024

Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Objective: Elite para athletes report a high incidence of sports injuries. Research suggests that athletes' strategies to manage adversities may influence the sports injury risk, but knowledge about para athletes' coping behaviours and their association with injuries is limited. The aim was to describe the distribution of coping behaviours in Swedish elite para athletes by sex, age, impairment, sport and to examine associations between coping behaviours and the probability of reporting a prospective sports injury during a 52-week study period.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a life-limiting condition and the third leading cause of death worldwide. People with COPD experience physical and psychological symptoms and functional limitations that impair their quality of life. Their caregivers face adverse clinical outcomes due to personal, social, and financial demands.

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Purpose: Lumbar puncture is a frequently performed procedure for patients undergoing treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This brief procedure is frequently performed with sedation in young patients but with only local anesthesia in adults. Adolescent and young adult patients may be cared for by physicians with different training backgrounds and sedation preferences, making the utilization of sedation for lumbar punctures variable among providers.

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