Variation in Patient-Described Barriers to and Facilitators of Diabetes Management by Individual-Level Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional, Open-Ended Survey.

This study analyzed patient-described barriers and facilitators related to diabetes management, focusing on how these differ by glycemia and across individual characteristics. A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted with adult patients with diabetes in Alberta, Canada, asking two open-ended questions to describe the most helpful and difficult components of their diabetes management. Responses were analyzed using directed content analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework as a template.

Regional analgesia for cardiac surgery.

Purpose Of Review: Regional anesthesia is gaining attention as a valuable component of multimodal, opioid-sparing analgesia in cardiac surgery, where improving the patient's quality of recovery while minimizing the harms of opioid administration are key points of emphasis in perioperative care. This review serves as an outline of recent advancements in a variety of applications of regional analgesia for cardiac surgery.

Recent Findings: Growing interest in regional analgesia, particularly the use of newer "chest wall blocks", has led to accumulating evidence for the efficacy of multiple regional techniques in cardiac surgery.

Illustrated State-of-the-Art Capsules of the ISTH 2022 Congress.

The ISTH London 2022 Congress is the first held (mostly) face-to-face again since the COVID-19 pandemic took the world by surprise in 2020. For 2 years we met virtually, but this year's in-person format will allow the ever-so-important and quintessential creativity and networking to flow again. What a pleasure and joy to be able to see everyone! Importantly, all conference proceedings are also streamed (and available recorded) online for those unable to travel on this occasion.

IL-1Ra deficiency accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration in C57BL6J mice.

The expression of Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and its antagonist and Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) are correlated with greater human intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, suggesting that elevated IL-1β activity promotes disc degeneration. Many in vitro studies support such a mechanistic relationship, whereas few in vivo investigations have been reported. The present study tests the effect of increased IL-1β activity on intervertebral disc in mice with an IL-1Ra gene deletion.

Faculty Development Approaches for Life Support Courses: A Scoping Review.

The aim of this scoping review initiated by the Education, Implementation and Teams Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation was to identify faculty development approaches to improve instructional competence in accredited life support courses. We searched PubMed, Ovid Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify studies published from January 1, 1966 to December 31, 2021 on approaches to improve faculty development for life support courses. Data on participant characteristics, interventions, design, and outcomes of included studies were extracted.

Provision of inadequate information on postnatal care and services during antenatal visits in Busega, Northwest Tanzania: a simulated client study.

Background: Most (94%) of global maternal deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries due to preventable causes. Maternal health care remains a key pillar in improving survival. Antenatal care (ANC) guidelines recommend that pregnant women should be provided with information about postnatal care in the third trimester.

Quantifying Simulated Contamination Deposition on Healthcare Providers Using Image Analysis.

Introduction: Simulation-based research has played an important role in improving care for communicable diseases. Unfortunately, few studies have attempted to quantify the level of contamination in these simulation activities. We aim to assess the feasibility and provide validity evidence for using integrated density values and area of contamination (AOC) to differentiate various levels of simulated contamination.

Don't tell me, show me: Reactions from those with lived experience to the 2020 revised IASP definition of pain.

In 2020, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) revised the definition of pain, providing an update to IASP's original definition in place since 1979. The origins of the field of pediatric pain, born in part in the 1980s from the advocacy of Jill Lawson, mother to Jeffrey Lawson who experienced gross inadequacies in pain care as a premature infant, emphasize the critical need to listen to and act with the voice of people living with pain and their families and caregivers. Furthermore, the field of pediatric pain emerged in the mid-1980s marking this revised definition of pain as the first opportunity within which the experience and science of pain in childhood has been considered.

Response to High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation Is Specific to Imaging Modality and Skeletal Site.

High-dose vitamin D supplementation (4000 or 10,000 IU/d) in vitamin D-sufficient individuals results in a dose-dependent decrease in radius and tibia total bone mineral density (Tt.BMD) compared with 400 IU/d. This exploratory analysis examined whether the response to high-dose vitamin D supplementation depends on imaging modality and skeletal site.

Switching to nonacog beta pegol in hemophilia B: Outcomes from a Canadian real-world, multicenter, retrospective study.

Background: The Canadian Bleeding Disorders Registry (CBDR) captures data from 24 hemophilia treatment centers and patients directly. Nonacog beta pegol (N9-GP) was approved in Canada in 2018.

Objectives: To assess treatment outcomes following switching to N9-GP in a real-world setting.

Principles of empiric antimicrobial usage and dosing: Lessons learned.

A lack of clinical response to empiric antimicrobials behooves the clinician to reflect further on diagnostic considerations. When prescribing antibiotics, determining the correct dose, most optimal route of administration, and considering the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug with respect to clinical and patient factors are crucial.

COVID-19 and Vitamin D Misinformation on YouTube: Content Analysis.

Background: The "infodemic" accompanying the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic has the potential to increase avoidable spread as well as engagement in risky health behaviors. Although social media platforms, such as YouTube, can be an inexpensive and effective method of sharing accurate health information, inaccurate and misleading information shared on YouTube can be dangerous for viewers. The confusing nature of data and claims surrounding the benefits of vitamin D, particularly in the prevention or cure of COVID-19, influences both viewers and the general "immune boosting" commercial interest.

Vaccines alone will not prevent COVID-19 outbreaks among migrant workers-the example of meat processing plants.

Background: Migrant populations in high-income countries have faced myriad health and social inequities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Migrants often work in frontline essential services that expose them to COVID-19. Migrant workers in meat processing plants have endured large COVID-19 outbreaks across multiple countries.

CCCDTD5 recommendations on the deprescribing of cognitive enhancers in dementia.

Introduction: Cognitive enhancers (ie, cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine) can provide symptomatic benefit for some individuals with dementia; however, there are circumstances in which the risks of continuing treatment may potentially outweigh benefits. The decision to deprescribe cognitive enhancers must consider each patient's preferences, treatment indications, current clinical status and symptoms, prognosis, and dementia type.

Methods: The 5th Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia (CCCDTD5) established a subcommittee of experts to review current evidence on the deprescribing of cognitive enhancers.

Operationalizing a patient engagement plan for health research: Sharing a codesigned planning template from a national clinical trial.

Introduction: Engaging with patients about their lived experience of health and illness and their experience within the healthcare system can help inform the provision of care, health policies and health research. In the context of health research, however, operationalizing the levels of patient engagement is not straightforward. We suggest that a key challenge to the routine inclusion of patients as partners in health research is a lack of tangible guidance regarding how this can be accomplished.

Every mother and every fetus matters: A positive pregnancy test = multiple offerings of reproductive risk screening for personal, family, and specific obstetrical-fetal conditions.

Objective: To focus on the evidence-based screening test options and timing as part of the overall "pregnant-woman-centered" preconception and prenatal care journey. The requirement and need for a focused "pregnant-woman-centered" prenatal care process with time for informed consent and shared decision making are important for optimal prenatal care.

Methods: A structured quality improvement (QI) review (Squire 2.

Using natural language processing to compare task-specific verbal cues in coached versus noncoached cardiac arrest teams during simulated pediatrics resuscitation.

Objectives: Coaches improve cardiopulmonary (CPR) outcomes in real-world and simulated settings. To explore verbal feedback that targets CPR quality, we used natural language processing (NLP) methodologies on transcripts from a published pediatric randomized trial (coach vs. no coach in simulated CPR).

Clinical validation of the parent-report Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (TOCS): A pediatric open-source rating scale.

Background: There is a need to develop a multipurpose obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) measure that is useful for cross disorder research and as a reliable clinical rating scale. The current study examined the psychometric properties and established clinical cutoffs for the parent-report version of the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (TOCS), a 21-item rating scale of obsessive-compulsive traits.

Method: Participants ranged in age from 6 to 21 years old and had a primary diagnosis of OCD ( = 350, 50% female), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ( = 820, 25% female), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ( = 794, 22% female), or were typically developing controls ( = 391, 51% female).

The use of the roter interaction analysis system in assessing veterinary student clinical communication skills during equine wellness examinations in rural Kentucky, USA: A pilot study.

Background: Effective clinical communication can aid veterinarians in building good client relationships, increase adherence to recommendations and, ultimately, improve patient health and welfare. However, available information on veterinary communication in the equine context is limited. The objective of this study was to describe the communication of veterinary students in the equine environment who had previous communication training.

Describing agreement in the main condition coding field using Canadian ICD-11 inpatient data.

Introduction: Countries use varying coding standards, which impact international coded data comparability. The 'main condition' (MC) field is coded within the Discharge Abstract Database as "reason for admission" or "largest resource use".

Objective: We offer a preliminary analysis on the frequency of and contributing factors to MC definition agreements within an inpatient Canadian dataset.

Maternal and fetal hypothermia: more preventive compliance is required for a mother and her fetus while undergoing cesarean delivery; a quality improvement review.

Objective: Cesarean delivery is common, involves two patients, has numerous multi-disciplinary health care providers involved in the delivery management, but has variable levels of anesthesia and health services implementation for decreasing maternal hypothermia and the maternal and neonatal morbidity (and mortality). Limited implementation for either of the ERAS-CD or the ERAC guidelines, for inadvertent or preventive maternal hypothermia, is likely to be occurring on labor delivery floors. This Quality Improvement (QI) review focuses on cesarean delivery and maternal hypothermia.

The impact of extended half-life factor concentrates on patient reported health outcome measures in persons with hemophilia A and hemophilia B.

Background: Recombinant factors VIII and IX Fc (rFVIIIFc/rFIXFc) were the only available extended half-life (EHL) products in Canada during 2016 to 2018.

Objectives: To evaluate if patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) improved in Canadian persons with hemophilia who switched from standard half-life (SHL) to EHL products (rFVIIIFc/rFIXFc).

Patients/methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled persons with moderate or severe hemophilia aged ≥6 years who switched to rFVIIIFc/rFIXFc (2016-2018) and those who remained on SHL.

Defining Transabdominal Intestinal Ultrasound Treatment Response and Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Expert Consensus Statement.

Background And Aims: No consensus exists on defining intestinal ultrasound response, transmural healing, or transmural remission in inflammatory bowel disease, nor clear guidance for optimal timing of assessment during treatment. This systematic review and expert consensus study aimed to define such recommendations, along with key parameters included in response reporting.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched from inception to July 26, 2021, using pre-defined terms.