Highly oxygenated cyclohexenes from the leaves of Roxb. ex Hornem and their cytotoxic and -glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the leaf extract of Roxb. ex Hornem led to the isolation and identification of two new highly oxygenated cyclohexenes, uvariagrandols A () and B (), together with seven known compounds (-). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as well as comparisons made from the literature.

Cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid-rich hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) extract attenuates cognitive impairments and glial activations in rats exposed to chronic stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is increasingly being recognized for its medicinal properties beside utilizing it for food, oil, and textile fibers. The high level of cannabidiol (CBD) content in hemp's flowers shows promising neuroprotective properties without causing psychotomimetic or addictive effects.

Alkaloids and Styryl Lactones from and Their Biological Activities.

Phytochemical investigations of the twig and leaf extracts of resulted in the isolation and identification of two new alkaloids, goniotortiline () and goniotortilactam (), three new styryl lactone derivatives, goniotortilactone () and goniotortilols A () and B (), and 25 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and HRESITOFMS data. Compounds , , , , , and inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production with IC values ranging from 8.

Mathurameha ameliorates cardiovascular complications in high-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats: insights from histological and proteomic analysis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health concern with increasing prevalence. Mathurameha, a Thai herbal formula, has shown promising glucose-lowering effects and positive impacts on biochemical profiles in diabetic rats. The present study investigated the protective effects of Mathurameha on cardiovascular complications in high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rats using histological and proteomic analyses.

Unveiling the Potential of Gel Supplementation in a Cooling Extender: A Breakthrough in Enhancing Rooster Sperm Quality and Fertility Ability.

The cooling of semen storage at 5 °C from a Thai native rooster (Pradu Hang Dum), supplemented with herbs possessing antioxidant properties, provided limited research. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of (AV) gel supplementation at various levels on the quality of cooled semen and subsequent fertility after artificial insemination. Sixty-four chickens had semen pooled, diluted, and supplemented with different levels of AV gel (0% as control, 0.

SWATH-proteomics reveals Mathurameha, a traditional anti-diabetic herbal formula, attenuates high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction through the EGF/NO/IL-1β regulatory axis.

Mathurameha is a traditional Thai herbal formula with a clinically proven effect of blood sugar reduction in patients with diabetes mellitus, but its anti-diabetic complication potential is largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of Mathurameha and its underlying mechanisms against high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction in human endothelial EA.hy926 cells.

Styryl lactone derivatives and aristolactam alkaloids from Miq. and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Two new styryl lactone derivatives, goniothapic acids A () and B (), and 18 known compounds, were isolated from the twig and leaf extracts of Miq. The structures of new compounds were characterised by spectroscopic methods and HRESITOFMS. Their absolute configuration was established by comparing the experimental and calculated ECD spectra.

Cassane diterpenoids with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from the fruits of .

Two new cassane diterpenoids, 14β-hydroxycassa-11(12),13(15)-dien-12,16-olide () and 6'-acetoxypterolobirin B (), together with a known analogue, identified as 12α,14β-dihydroxycassa-13(15)-en-12,16-olide (), were isolated from the fruits of . Compound is a cassane diterpenoid with a Δ double bond conjugated with an α,β-butenolide-type, whereas compound is a dimeric caged cassane diterpenoid with unique 6/6/6/6/6/5/6/6/6 nonacyclic ring system. The structures of and were characterized by extensive spectroscopic analysis combined with computational ECD analyses.

Discovery of lead natural products for developing pan-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global public health crisis. The reduced efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), such as omicron BA.5 subvariants, has underlined the need to explore a novel spectrum of antivirals that are effective against existing and evolving SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.

Rare prenylated isoflavonoids from the young twigs of and their cytotoxic activities.

Three new isoflavonoids, millexatins N-P (1-3), along with seven known compounds (6-10), were isolated from the acetone extract of the young twigs of . The structures were characterized by NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. Millexatin N (1) is an unusual geminal diisoprenylated isoflavone with a modified ring A.

Rhizome Extract as Potential Anti-Acne Ingredient.

(Black ginger) is used widely in medical fields as an anti-microorganism and anti-inflammation. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-acne efficacy of black ginger extract. The results indicate that the methanol and ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenolic contents, without a significant difference, whereas the -hexane extract showed the highest total flavonoid content.

Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Activities of Rotenoids and Isoflavonoids Isolated from Benth.

A phytochemical investigation of the root and leaf extracts of Benth resulted in the isolation and identification of 16 compounds, including six rotenoids (-) and 10 prenylated isoflavonoids (-). Compound was isolated as a scalemic mixture, which was resolved by chiral HPLC to afford (-)-(6a,12a)-12a-hydroxy-α-toxicarol () and (+)-(6a,12a)-12a-hydroxy-α-toxicarol (). (+)-(6a,12a)-Millettiapachycarpin () and (-)-(6a,12a)-12a-hydroxy-α-toxicarol () were isolated as new compounds.

Chemical composition and biological activity of Peucedanum dhana A. Ham essential oil.

The essential oil was extracted from Peucedanum dhana A. Ham, which grows in Thailand, using a Clevenger apparatus, resulting in an oil yield of 0.76% w/w.

Anti-inflammatory activity and chemical constituents of red limestone.

Red limestone is a mixture of turmeric ( L.) powder and limestone which is made from burning shells at high temperature. The yellow mixture turns to red color or deep orange because of the reaction between turmeric and calcium carbonate in limestone.

Cytotoxicity and Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activities of Compounds Isolated from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus sp.

Chemical investigation of the mycelia of the pathogenic fungus sp. which was isolated from a leaf of (crowfoot grass), resulted in the isolation of a new compound, curvulariahawadride (5), along with five known compounds (1-4, and 6). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS.

Daldiniaeschsone A, a Rare Tricyclic Polyketide Having a Chromone Unit Fused to a -Lactone and Its Symmetrical Biphenyl Dimer, Daldiniaeschsone B, from an Endophytic Fungus SDBR-CMUNKC745.

Daldiniaeschsone A (), a rare tricyclic polyketide having a chromone unit fused to a -lactone and its symmetrical 6,6'-biphenyl dimer, daldiniaeschsone B (), together with three known compounds (-), were isolated from a plant-derived endophytic fungus, SDBR-CMUNKC745. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and HRESIMS. All compounds showed -glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC values ranging from 0.

The antiaging property of aqueous extract of hortensis flowers in aging neuron.

Cellular senescence is the key mediator of cellular dysfunction before undergoing degenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. The aging process was mainly by the overactivation of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) enzyme before mediated several negative responses, including intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cellular senescence regulation, and death prior encourage synaptic loss. Thus, in the recent work, we evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of (MH) from flower in hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced senescence in SK-N-SH cells.

Polyoxygenated -cyclohexenes derivatives from flower and leaf extracts of and their -glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Phytochemical investigations from the flower and leaf extracts of resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of five new polyoxygenated -cyclohexene derivatives, desmoscochinchinenes A-E (-), together with 11 known compounds (-). The structures on the new compounds were elucidated from their spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, NMR, and HRESITOFMS. Some of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their -glucosidase inhibitory activities.

In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities of Four Species and the Isolation of Compounds from Rhizome.

The genus is part of the Zingiberaceae family, and many species have been used as traditional medicine and cosmetics in Thailand. To find new cosmeceutical ingredients, the in vitro anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and cytotoxic activities of four species as well as the isolation of compounds from the most active crude extract () were investigated. The crude extract of showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with an IC value of 102.

α-Glucosidase inhibitory and nitric oxide production inhibitory activities of alkaloids isolated from a twig extract of Polyalthia cinnamomea.

The first phytochemical investigation of Polyalthia cinnamomea led to the isolation and identification of two new oxoprotoberberine alkaloids, (-)-(13aS)-polyalthiacinnamines A and B, together with eleven known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of miliusacunine E and consanguine B was established by X-ray diffraction analysis using Cu Kα radiation and ECD spectra, whereas the absolute configurations of polyalthiacinnamines A and B were established by comparison of their ECD spectra and specific rotations with those of miliusacunine E and consanguine B.