Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Psychosis.

Psychosis research in the contemporary sense of scientific inquiry may be traced as far as the formulation of the "unitary psychosis" concept, or Einheitpsychose, which is usually attributed to Wilhelm Griesinger, Ernst von Zeller, and Heinrich Neumann [...

Exploration of the Gut Microbiome in Thai Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Shows a Specific Bacterial Profile with Depletion of the Genus as a Putative Biomarker.

Maes et al. (2008) published the first paper demonstrating that major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by abnormalities in the microbiota-gut-brain axis, as evidenced by elevated serum IgM/IgA to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria, such as and . The latter aberrations, which point to increased gut permeability (leaky gut), are linked to activated neuro-immune and oxidative pathways in MDD.

The new timing in acute care surgery (new TACS) classification: a WSES Delphi consensus study.

Background: Timely access to the operating room for emergency general surgery (EGS) indications remains a challenge across the globe, largely driven by operating room availability and staffing constraints. The "timing in acute care surgery" (TACS) classification was previously published to introduce a new tool to triage the timely and appropriate access of EGS patients to the operating room. However, the clinical and operational effectiveness of the TACS classification has not been investigated in subsequent validation studies.

Extraction, Structural Characterization, and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Alginate from (Desf.) Borry Harvested in the Bulgarian Black Sea.

The aim of this study was to identify the chemical composition and sequential structure of alginate isolated from harvested in the Bulgarian Black Sea, as well as its effects in histamine-induced paw inflammation in rats. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in rats with systemic inflammation, and the levels of TNF-α in a model of acute peritonitis in rats were also investigated. The structural characterization of the polysaccharide was obtained by FTIR, SEC-MALS, and H NMR.

Group independent components underpin responses to items from a depression scale.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the brain circuits or networks that underpin diagnostically specific tasks by means of group independent component analysis for FMRI toolbox (GIFT). We hypothesised that there will be neural network patterns of activation and deactivation, which correspond to real-time performance on clinical self-evaluation scales.

Methods: In total, 20 healthy controls (HC) and 22 patients with major depressive episode have been included.

subsp. -Study of the Histochemical Localization of Essential Oil.

Background: L. subsp. is a perennial, aromatic plant used in traditional folk medicine and cuisine of the Mediterranean and the Middle East.

The impact of dental metal restorations on the oral oxidative stress level.

Background: Dental materials may influence the equilibrium between production and destruction of free radicals, thus creating conditions for developing of local or general oxidative stress. Metal ions, emitted from base dental alloys, may cause changes in cell structures and functions. Isoprostane concentration may indicate possible cell damage, caused by free radicals, and can be used for evaluation of the oxidative stress level.

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Thermotherapy for Scar Treatment.

The formation of pathological scars is a common medical and aesthetic problem worldwide. Surgical interventions, burns and injuries are the most common cause. Treating these scars is a challenge for any surgeon.

COVID-19 and its long-term impact on the cardiovascular system.

Introduction: TheSARS-CoV-2 virus caused a pandemic affecting healthcare deliveryglobally. Despite the presentation of COVID-19 infection beingfrequently dominated by respiratory symptoms; it is now notorious tohave potentially serious cardiovascular sequelae. This articleexplores current data to provide a comprehensive overview of thepathophysiology, cardiovascular risk factors, and implications ofCOVID-19.

Imaging methods in polymyalgia rheumatica: a systematic review.

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory joint disease in patients over 50 years of age with pain and prolonged morning stiffness in the shoulder and hip girdles and neck. The lack of specific clinical findings, laboratory signs, biomarker and established imaging methods makes it difficult to diagnose patients with this disease. The aim of the systematic review is to present the literature data on the use of imaging methods for early diagnosis, assessment of disease activity and therapeutic response in PMR.

Improvement and Validation of a Multi-Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Analysis (MLVA8+) for , , and .

The genotyping of the multidrug-resistant species complex is essential to identify outbreaks and to track their source and spread. The aim of this study was to improve and extend the typeability, availability, cost and time efficiency of an existing multi-locus VNTR analysis (MLVA). A modified scheme (MLVA8+) was adopted and validated for strain-level differentiation of the three species involved in human pathology.

Differences between Rural and Urban Practices in the Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Outcomes from the PRICOV-19 Study in 38 Countries.

This paper explores the differences between rural and urban practices in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing aspects such as management of patient flow, infection prevention and control, information processing, communication and collaboration. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected through the online PRICOV-19 questionnaire sent to general practices in 38 countries. Rural practices in our sample were smaller than urban-based practices.

Surveillance Value of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Maps: Multiparametric MRI in Active Surveillance of Prostate Cancer.

Background: This study aims to establish the value of apparent diffusion coefficient maps and other magnetic resonance sequences for active surveillance of prostate cancer. The study included 530 men with an average age of 66, who were under surveillance for prostate cancer. We have used multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging with subsequent transperineal biopsy (TPB) to verify the imaging findings.

Changes in Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients Affected by Covid-19.

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a histological diagnosis characterized by an increase in the number of epithelial and stromal cells in the transitional zone of the prostate gland. The clinical manifestation of BPH is associated with the appearance of so-called lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) which can also be a consequence of other conditions not related to the prostate. Covid-19, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was discovered as a disease in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China.

Cardiac MRI with late gadolinium enhancement shows cardiac involvement 3-6 months after severe acute COVID-19 similar to or worse than PIMS.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children is rarely severe. However, severe courses occur, especially in the presence of risk factors. A minority of children develop pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) with substantial morbidity.

Depression and quality of life among Afghan healthcare workers: A cross-sectional survey study.

Background: According to the World Health Organization, approximately 280 million individuals worldwide suffer from depression. One occupational group that is more prone to mental health issues is healthcare workers (HCWs). However, very little is known about the mental health of HCWs in Afghanistan.

Effects of 3, 16-2-hydroxyethyl apovincaminate (HEAPO), donepezil and galantamine on learning and memory retention in naïve Wistar rats.

The effects of 3,16-2-hydroxyethyl apovincaminate (HEAPO, RGH-10885) compared with those of two cholinesterase inhibitors, donepezil and galantamine, were examined in naïve Wistar rats using standard active and passive avoidance tests. The active avoidance test (shuttle box) and two passive avoidance tests (step-through and step-down) were performed according to the experimental design. There were 10 groups of rats ( = 8) and the substances studied were applied orally before each testing session.

Efficiency of ER:YAG laser therapy in combination with behaviour management technique in reducing anxiety among paediatric dental patients - a study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.

Introduction: When providing dental care to children with a high level of dental anxiety, the range of approaches is divided into two sections: use of behaviour management techniques (BMTs) and application of alternative methods for caries removal. In an attempt to reduce dental anxiety, they can be mixed and matched in accordance with the dentists' choice. Owing to its promoted advantages, erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser turns into an ideal alternative technique for hard dental tissue therapy in anxious paediatric patients.

Comparison between the Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Commercial Products and Biocultivated Mill.

The main aim of this study was to assess the differences in the chemical composition of essential oil from biocultivated in the Thracian Lowland floristic region, Bulgaria, and commercially available products from Bulgarian markets. Following the analytical results conducted with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we have established some differences in the chemical composition of the tested samples. The essential oil of biocultivated lavender contained 35 compounds, which represent 94.

The Photobiomodulation of MAO-A Affects the Contractile Activity of Smooth Muscle Gastric Tissues.

Nowadays, the utilized electromagnetic radiation (ER) in modalities such as photobiomodulation (PBM) finds broader applications in medical practice due to the promising results suggested by numerous reports. To date, the published data do not allow for the in-depth elucidation of the molecular mechanisms through which ER impacts the human organism. Furthermore, there is a total lack of evidence justifying the relation between the enzymatic activity of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the spontaneous contractile activity of smooth muscle gastric tissues exposed to various light sources.

In Mild and Moderate Acute Ischemic Stroke, Increased Lipid Peroxidation and Lowered Antioxidant Defenses Are Strongly Associated with Disabilities and Final Stroke Core Volume.

In acute ischemic stroke (AIS), there are no data on whether oxidative stress biomarkers have effects above and beyond known risk factors and measurements of stroke volume. This study was conducted in 122 mild-moderate AIS patients and 40 controls and assessed the modified ranking scale (mRS) at baseline, and 3 and 6 months later. We measured lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activities and PON1 Q192R genotypes, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), sulfhydryl (-SH) groups), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) stroke volume and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal intensity.

Primary synovial sarcoma of the shoulder: Case report of the "triple sign" on proton density magnetic resonance imaging.

The first case of synovial sarcoma was published in 1893. The disease is a type of primary malignancy of the soft tissues. It is a rare and aggressive neoplasm of unknown tissue origin, characterized by strong metastatic potential and poor prognosis.

The provisional OMERACT ultrasonography score for giant cell arteritis.

Objectives: To develop an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasonography score for monitoring disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and evaluate its metric properties.

Methods: The OMERACT Instrument Selection Algorithm was followed. Forty-nine members of the OMERACT ultrasonography large vessel vasculitis working group were invited to seven Delphi rounds.