Axillary lymph node and early breast cancer diagnostics. A case report.

Understanding of the anatomy of the axillary lymph nodes is important in diagnostic and treatment procedures for breast cancer. An interesting case is presented here of breast cancer without a breast tumour. The first symptom of the disease was lymphadenopathy of the axillary region.

Mammary gland anatomy and the role of mammography and ultrasonography in the early diagnostics of breast cancer. A case report.

Progress in imaging techniques has brought a solution to the problem of the early diagnosis of breast cancer. An interesting case of breast cancer is presented here, pictures of the malignant tumour are demonstrated and the usefulness of new diagnostic methods analysed. The presentation of this case may contribute to greater effectiveness in early breast cancer detection.

Association between leptin, markers of bone formation and physical growth of newborns.

Background: The increase of body size and weight depends on metabolism in the bone tissue and accumulation of fat, but the role of many hormones and enzymatic systems that may influence these processes significantly has not been recognized.

Aim: An attempt to assess the correlation between the leptin hormone taking part in the regulation of fat tissue reserves, markers of bone formation and selected anthropometric traits in newborns was made.

Subjects And Methods: Levels of leptin, osteocalcin and C-terminal propeptide type I procollagen (PICP) in the serum of 64 Appropriate for Gestational Age newborns (AGA newborns) with gestational age between 27 and 42 weeks were assessed.

Somatic and skeleton development of rat foetuses following in-utero exposure to isopropylantipyrine (propyphenazone) during the second trimester of gestation.

Isopropylantipyrine (IPA, propyphenazone) is a pyrazolone derivative, widely used as an antipyretic and analgesic drug. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of propyphenazone on rat development. IPA was administered to pregnant rats from day 8 to day 14 of pregnancy once a day, orally by a stomach tube at doses of 2.

Evaluation of bone formation in fetal skeletons following prenatal paracetamol administration in single alizarin-stained specimens in Wistar rats.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of paracetamol on skeleton in Wistar rats. The drug was administered orally, once a day, in three doses: P1--3.5 mg/kg, P2--35.

Changes in the activity of some lysosomal enzymes and in the fine structure of submandibular gland due to experimental diabetes.

The aim of this study was to establish and quantify changes in the activities of the some lysosomal enzymes and to determine the type of changes in the ultrastructure of the submandibular gland in rabbits caused during progression of diabetes. The experiment was conducted on 89 New Zealand rabbit males. Diabetes was induced by the intravenous administration of 10% alloxan solution at a dose of 10-mg/kg-body weight.

Activity of cathepsins in rat's spleen due to experimentally induced pancreatitis.

The aim of this study was to establish and quantify the changes of the level of cathepsin B, D and L in the spleen during experimental pancreatitis. The experiment was carried out in 115 male Wistar rats, randomly divided into three groups: intact (n = 15), injected with 0.9% NaCl solution into the common bile pancreatic duct (n = 50) and injected with 5% sodium taurocholate into this duct to induce acute pancreatitis (n = 50).