Therapeutic Potential of Ginger Exosome-Like Nanoparticles for Alleviating Periodontitis-Induced Tissue Damage.

Purpose: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory oral disease that causes defects in periodontal tissue. Conventional therapies are limited, and often lead to high recurrence rates. The emerging concept of medicinal food homology has shed light on the potential of ginger as a therapeutic adjuvant for periodontitis, given its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Initial psychotropic prescriptions and symptom associations in first-visit patients with major depressive disorder: A single-center cross-sectional study.

Aim: There are limited reports regarding psychotropic prescriptions in first-visit patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The objective of this study is to clarify the prescription patterns of psychotropics and their association with symptoms among first-visit patients with MDD in Japan.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, we examined 376 first-visit patients diagnosed with MDD.

The improvement of a refractory enterocutaneous fistula with colchicine in a patient with Crohn's disease who had an MEFV gene mutation.

Enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs) occurring in the setting of Crohn's disease (CD) are difficult to cure with medical treatment alone and affects a patient's quality of life. A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with an ileocolitis-type CD in 2007. His inflammation was insufficiently controlled despite the administration of an anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody.

Image-based Re-evaluation of the JCOG0911 Study Focusing on Tumor Volume and Survival, Disease Progression Diagnosis, and Radiomic Prognostication for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

Purpose: To re-evaluate images recovered from JCOG0911, a randomized phase 2 trial for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) conducted by the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) Brain Tumor Study Group.

Methods: The correlation between tumor volumes and survival was evaluated, followed by progression-free survival (PFS) analysis by independent central review based on Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria using MRI recovered from 118 nGBM patients enrolled in the JCOG0911 trial. A radiomic analysis was also performed to identify radiomic features predictive of nGBM prognosis.

Involvement of Mediterranean fever gene mutations in colchicine-responsive enterocolitis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The involvement of Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene mutations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and responsiveness to colchicine in Japanese patients with IBDU carrying MEFV mutations.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we examined MEFV mutations using gene analysis, clinical information, and colchicine responsiveness.

Wearable EEG Neurofeedback Based-on Machine Learning Algorithms for Children with Autism: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study.

Objective: Behavioral interventions have been shown to ameliorate the electroencephalogram (EEG) dynamics underlying the behavioral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), while studies have also demonstrated that mirror neuron mu rhythm-based EEG neurofeedback training improves the behavioral functioning of individuals with ASD. This study aimed to test the effects of a wearable mu rhythm neurofeedback training system based on machine learning algorithms for children with autism.

Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled study was carried out on 60 participants aged 3 to 6 years who were diagnosed with autism, at two center-based intervention sites.

Different impacts of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administration on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant outcomes for adult acute myeloid leukemia according to graft type.

We retrospectively evaluated the impacts of using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and its timing on posttransplant outcomes for 9766 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) between 2013 and 2022 using a Japanese database. We separately evaluated three distinct cohorts based on graft type: 3248 received bone marrow transplantation (BMT), 3066 received peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT), and 3452 received single-unit cord blood transplantation (CBT). Multivariate analysis showed that G-CSF administration significantly accelerated neutrophil recovery after BMT, PBSCT, and CBT.

Refining antipsychotic treatment strategies in schizophrenia: discovery of genetic biomarkers for enhanced drug response prediction.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental disorder affecting around 1% of individuals worldwide. The variability in response to antipsychotic drugs (APDs) among SCZ patients presents a significant challenge for clinicians in determining the most effective medication. In this study, we investigated the biological markers and established a predictive model for APD response based on a large-scale genome-wide association study using 3269 Chinese schizophrenia patients.

Urinary titin reflects the severity of walking ability, muscle strength, and muscle and cardiac damage in patients with Becker muscular dystrophy.

Background: Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a dystrophinopathy caused by a pathological variant of the DMD gene. Urinary titin, a degradation product of the giant protein titin present in muscle sarcomeres, has been used as a biomarker to reflect muscle degradation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a more severe dystrophinopathy. However, the clinical significance of urinary titin levels in BMD remains unclear.

The effect of prognostic nutritional indices on stroke hospitalization outcomes.

Objectives: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability globally, so monitoring inflammation and nutritional levels is essential for the secondary prevention. The impact of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) on tumor and perioperative outcomes has been demonstrated as an optimal combination of immune and nutritional indicators. However, the role of PNI on hospitalized outcomes in stroke patients remains unknown.

Evaluation of SR-DLR in low-dose abdominal CT: superior image quality and noise reduction.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of super-resolution deep learning reconstruction (SR-DLR) in low-dose abdominal computed tomography (CT) imaging compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) and conventional deep learning reconstruction (cDLR) algorithms.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed abdominal CT scans performed using a low-dose protocol. Three different image reconstruction algorithms-HIR, cDLR, and SR-DLR-were applied to the same raw image data.

Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells after implantation of CD34 antibody-covered sirolimus-eluting COMBO stent: assessment with EPC colony-forming assay.

The COMBO stent is a unique stent on which the CD34 antibody is mounted to capture CD34 + endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and from which sirolimus is eluted to suppress neointimal hyperplasia. The COMBO stent aims to induce early re-endothelialization and vascular healing and to prevent restenosis. In the clinical setting, however, the effects of the COMBO stent have not been validated in terms of EPC biology.

Secondary Osteosarcoma After Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis: A Case Report.

Background: Radiotherapy is considered an alternative treatment for unresectable or pharmacologically resistant desmoid-type fibromatosis. While it results in relatively good local control, the risk of secondary malignancy remains a concern.

Case: We present a case of secondary osteosarcoma after carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT).

Cisplatin intra-arterial chemotherapy for recurrent maxillary gingival cancer and metastatic lymph nodes without radiation or surgery: A case report.

Most patients with head and neck cancers struggle with their treatment, particularly those with recurrent cancer. However, there is no consensus on effective treatments for recurrent head and neck cancer. Recurrent cases are often challenging to treat because performing both reirradiation and surgical intervention can occasionally be difficult.

Cross-sectional association of irregular dietary habits with glycemic control and body mass index among people with diabetes.

Aims/introduction: To determine the association of irregular dietary habits with HbA1c and body mass index (BMI) in people with diabetes.

Materials And Methods: We included 4,421 people with diabetes aged 20-74 years (type 1 diabetes (T1D), 19.1%) who answered a questionnaire at mealtime.

Limited Sampling Strategy for Predicting the Area under Plasma Concentration-Time Curve of Nadolol in Healthy Subjects.

Nadolol is a hydrophilic β-adrenoceptor blocker with a relatively long half-life and negligible metabolism. It is a substrate of P-glycoprotein and organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2, and may serve as an in vivo probe drug for the assessment of drug-drug and food-drug interactions mediated by these transporters. In the present study, we aimed to develop limited sampling strategy (LSS) models for predicting the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of nadolol.

Higher patient activation is associated with lower odds of functional limitation in older adults with chronic diseases.

Objectives: To investigate the association between patient activation and functional limitation among older adults living with multiple chronic conditions.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a parent study, which examined the relationship between self-efficacy and both inflammatory biomarkers and frailty. We conducted multivariate logistic regression while controlling for the patients' sociodemographic variables and comorbidities to examine the association between self-reported functional limitation and patient activation as measured by the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-10).

Synthesis of Eucommia ulmoides-derived carbon dots for anti-inflammatory and accelerated wound healing.

Inflammation affects the pathology of wound healing and is strongly associated with many chronic wounds that do not heal. Natural herbs with anti-inflammatory effects have received much attention in clinical treatment because they are inexpensive, readily available, safe, and effective. In this study, EUO-NAC-CDs were prepared using a hydrothermal method in which Eucommia ulmoides (EUO) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) were used as carbon sources.

Extent of abscess development in cervical abscesses and pathogenic bacteria related to swallowing function.

Background: Deep neck infections (DNIs) in the cervical fascial planes can cause severe complications such as airway obstruction, mediastinitis, and sepsis.

Aims/objectives: This study examines cervical abscess development, its relationship with postoperative swallowing function, and hospital stay duration.

Material And Methods: A retrospective case series of 55 DNI patients was divided by hospital stay (<30 days: Group A, ≥30 days: Group B) and swallowing recovery (<6 days: Group C, ≥6 days: Group D).