COVID-19's Impact on Athletes: Reduced Cardiorespiratory fitness after a SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Objective: This study aimed to identify potential changes in cardiorespiratory fitness among athletes who had previously been infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: In this prospective observational multicenter hybrid study (CoSmo-S), cardiopulmonary exercise testing on treadmills or bicycle ergometers involving 2314 athletes (39.6% female) was conducted.

Shaping and shifting schemas on supervised injectable opioid treatment: findings from a cross-sectional qualitative study in two German treatment facilities.

Background: Supervised injectable opioid treatment (SIOT) is a promising alternative for people living with opioid use disorder (OUD) who have not sufficiently benefitted from oral opioid substitution treatment. Yet, SIOT utilization remains limited in Germany. We propose that this is due to beliefs, or schemas, on SIOT among people living with OUD.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with physical but not mental fatigue - Findings from a longitudinal controlled population-based study.

Objective: Fatigue has been identified as the core symptom of long-Covid, however, putative pandemic-related influences remain largely unclear. We investigated trajectories of total, physical and mental fatigue and the factors associated with it in previously infected and non-infected individuals up to one year post- infection.

Methods: We used data from a longitudinal cohort study of German adults with two samples: A representative probability sample and a sample of individuals with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection.

COVID-19 in Female and Male Athletes: Symptoms, Clinical Findings, Outcome, and Prolonged Exercise Intolerance-A Prospective, Observational, Multicenter Cohort Study (CoSmo-S).

Background: An infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a variety of symptoms and complications, which can impair athletic activity.

Objective: We aimed to assess the clinical symptom patterns, diagnostic findings, and the extent of impairment in sport practice in a large cohort of athletes infected with SARS-CoV-2, both initially after infection and at follow-up. Additionally, we investigated whether baseline factors that may contribute to reduced exercise tolerance at follow-up can be identified.

Exploring Patients' Perceptions on Injectable Opioid Agonist Treatment: Influences on Treatment Initiation and Implications for Practice.

Introduction: Injectable opioid agonist treatment (iOAT) with diacetylmorphine is an effective option for individuals previously considered non-responsive to opioid substitution treatment. Despite implementation in Canada and several European countries, relatively few eligible people choose to initiate iOAT. To better understand what encourages or deters prospective patients from initiating iOAT, the current study explores patients' perceptions on iOAT and how these influence therapy initiation in practice.

Stress and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in the General Population and in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients-Findings from a Population-Based Three-Wave Study.

: Understanding factors that impaired mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic is extremely relevant in order to mitigate long-term consequences of the pandemic and to promote resilience in future crises. : Data were collected in southern Germany in a population-based survey study (CoKoS) with three times of measurement in May 2020, November 2020 and July 2021. Predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured with a short version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) in the general population ( = 758) and individuals who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the beginning of the pandemic ( = 412).

Longitudinal development of depression and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: Findings from a population-based probability sample survey.

The stress response to the COVID-19 pandemic might differ between early and later stages. Longitudinal data on the development of population mental health during COVID-19 pandemic is scarce. We have investigated mental health trajectories and predictors for change in a probability sample of the general population in Germany at the beginning and after 6 months of the pandemic.

Supporting families to achieve a healthy weight development for their child with overweight/obesity using the STARKIDS intervention: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity are among the most serious health challenges today. Structured weight reduction programs can be helpful to reduce severe health consequences but evidence is partly scarce. The STARKIDS program aims to improve on some of these limitations and is designed to be a structured, stepwise, digitally supported intervention program for the whole family.

The humoral immune response more than one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection: low detection rate of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies via Euroimmun ELISA.

Purpose: Antibody assays against SARS-CoV-2 are used in sero-epidemiological studies to estimate the proportion of a population with past infection. IgG antibodies against the spike protein (S-IgG) allow no distinction between infection and vaccination. We evaluated the role of anti-nucleocapsid-IgG (N-IgG) to identify individuals with infection more than one year past infection.

Reflection on leadership behavior: potentials and limits in the implementation of stress-preventive leadership of middle management in hospitals - a qualitative evaluation of a participatory developed intervention.

Background: Mental health and stress prevention aspects related to workplace in hospitals are gaining increasingly more attention in research. The workplace hospital is characterized by high work intensity, high emotional demands, and high levels of stress. These conditions can be a risk for the development of mental disorders.

Maternal eating disorder severity is associated with increased latency of foetal auditory event-related brain responses.

Objective: Maternal eating disorders (EDs) are associated with adverse pregnancy and child outcomes. There is limited research investigating the influence of maternal EDs on foetal brain development.

Method: Using foetal magnetoencephalography (fMEG), an auditory sequence was presented for 10 min to assess brain response latencies in foetuses of mothers with (n = 12) and without (n = 11) a history of anorexia nervosa (AN) in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Barriers to Behavior Change in Parents With Overweight or Obese Children: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are global problems of our time. Due to their authority and role modeling, parents play an essential part in the efficacy of prevention and intervention programs. This study assessed the barriers that parents of overweight/obese children face in preventive and interventional health care utilization.

Work-Related Psychosocial Demands and Resources in General Practice Teams in Germany. A Team-Based Ethnography.

General practices are established microenterprises in Germany providing a variety of preventive and therapeutic health care services and procedures in a challenging working environment. For example, general practice teams are confronted increasingly with work-related demands, which have been associated with poor psychological and physical outcomes. It is therefore important to gain a better understanding of issues related to occupational health and safety for personnel working in the primary care setting.

Psychopathological Networks in Cognitive-Behavioral Treatments for Binge-Eating Disorder.

Introduction: Network approaches to psychopathology posit that mental disorders emerge from interrelated symptoms, and thus connectivity among symptoms are assumed to negatively predict the treatment response and decrease with efficacious treatment.

Objective: This study uniquely sought to elucidate the network structure, its change, and its predictive value in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for binge-eating disorder (BED).

Methods: In a multicenter randomized trial of face-to-face and Internet-based guided self-help CBT, 178 individuals with full syndrome and subsyndromal BED, eating disorder and general psychopathology, and body mass index (BMI) were subjected to Gaussian Graphical Network and Exploratory Graph Analyses before and after treatment and at 6-month follow-up.

Cholecystokinin and bombesin activate neuronatin neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract.

Neuronatin (Nnat) is involved in the regulation of cellular molecular signaling and appears to be also linked to metabolic processes. The gastrointestinal peptides cholecystokinin (CCK) and bombesin (BN) have an effect on the short-term inhibition of food intake and induce neuronal activation in different brain nuclei, prominently in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) involved in the modulation of food intake. The aim of the study was to examine if Nnat immunoreactivity is detectable in the NTS, and whether peripheral CCK-8S or BN cause c-Fos activation of Nnat neurons.

Psychological burden, stressors and resources of social workers working with women and children who suffered extreme violence by the 'Islamic state': A mixed method study.

Objective: This explorative study aimed to determine the extent of psychological burden in social workers working with traumatized refugees. In addition, distressing and helpful factors determining the psychosocial burden were to be identified and described.

Methods: Cross-sectional, mixed method design using quantitative and qualitative methods.

Adherence as a predictor of dropout in Internet-based guided self-help for adults with binge-eating disorder and overweight or obesity.

Objective: Internet-based guided self-help (GSH-I) is an efficacious treatment for adults with binge-eating disorder (BED) and overweight or obesity. Although broadly accessible, high dropout from GSH-I has been reported. However, little is known about the factors explaining dropout from GSH-I, including patients' adherence to treatment.

Alteration of peptidergic gut-brain signaling under conditions of obesity.

The prevalence of obesity is rising worldwide; therefore, the World Health Organization introduced the term 'globesity'. This rise also causes an increase of associated diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, several malignomas as well as psychiatric disorders. In order to face this medical challenge, a better understanding of the pathophysiological alterations under conditions of obesity is necessary.

Targeting parental motivation for change in childhood obesity: development and validation of the PURICA-S scale.

Background: The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence call for effective and sustainable intervention strategies. Parental motivation for change may be a key factor in sustained behavioral improvement towards a healthy weight status of their offspring. In this study, we developed a new short instrument to assess parental motivation for change to facilitate motivation-tailored family interventions that promise improved effectiveness.

Asylum seekers' mental health and treatment utilization in a three months follow-up study after transfer from a state registration-and reception-center in Germany.

Even though asylum seekers show a high prevalence of trauma-related disorders and comorbid psychological stress symptoms, little is known about how their mental health develops during the asylum process and what options of care are provided. We aimed to investigate the mental health and treatment utilization of asylum seekers after they were transferred from a state registration- and reception-center to municipal shelters in Germany. N = 228 asylum seekers with on-going asylum procedure were recruited in the psychosocial walk-in clinic located in a state registration- and reception-center.

Impact of social support on psychosocial symptoms and quality of life in cancer patients: results of a multilevel model approach from a longitudinal multicenter study.

This prospective multicenter study aimed to investigate the courses of positive support (PS) and detrimental interaction (DI), two different aspects of social support, and the relation between social support and psychosocial distress and/or health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a large sample of patients with different cancers. For this observational study, we enrolled adult patients with cancer from 13 comprehensive cancer centers (CCCs) in Germany. We included a total of 1087 patients in our analysis.

The course of cancer-related insomnia: don't expect it to disappear after cancer treatment.

Objective: The study aimed to examine the 12-month course of cancer-related insomnia (CRI) and to identify possible predictors for the prevalence and persistence of CRI.

Methods: This longitudinal multicenter study included N = 405 patients with cancer (56% females, mean age: 58.6 years).

Early Change Trajectories in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Binge-Eating Disorder.

Rapid response is considered the most well-established outcome predictor across treatments of binge-eating disorder (BED), including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This study sought to identify latent trajectories of early change in CBT and compare them to common rapid response classifications. In a multicenter randomized trial, 86 adults with BED (DSM-IV) or subsyndromal BED provided weekly self-reports of binge eating over the first 4 weeks of CBT, which were analyzed to predict binge eating, depression, and body mass index at posttreatment, 6-, and 18-month follow-up.

Behaviour-based functional and dysfunctional strategies of medical students to cope with burnout.

Background: High levels of burnout rates amongst medical students have been confirmed by numerous studies from diverse contexts. This study aims to explore the functional and dysfunctional coping strategies of medical students with regard to their respective burnout factors.

Methods: About 845 medical students in the 3, 6, and 9 semesters and students in their final year were invited to take part in the survey.