The study on achievement of motor milestones and associated factors among children in rural North India.

Background: Nearly 14% of children worldwide do not reach their developmental potential in early childhood. The early identification of delays in achieving milestones is critical. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed normal age ranges for the achievement of motor milestones by healthy children.

Profile of Skin Disorders in Unreached Hilly Areas of North India.

The pattern of skin morbidity in an area depends on climate, geography, socioeconomic status, nutrition, genetics, and habits of the community. The objective of the present study was to describe the morbidity profile of patients attending dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care centre of Garhwal hills, North India. This is a record based study carried out using the morbidity registers.

Outcome of application of primary versus secondary Illizarov's fixator in open tibial shaft fractures.

Background: The present study aimed to compare outcome of primary and secondary Illizarov's fixator application as a treatment method for type III open tibial fractures in terms of non-union and wound infection.

Methods: This prospective study was done in a tertiary care center. Forty-eight type III tibial fractures were treated with Illizarov's apparatus between 2008 and 2011.

An outbreak of hepatitis A virus among children in a flood rescue camp: A post-disaster catastrophe.

We report an outbreak of acute viral hepatitis among children in a flood rescue camp at Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand State, India. In May 2013, there was a disastrous natural calamity, The Himalayan Tsunami in Himalayan and Sub-Himalayan region of Uttarakhand. More than 5700 people were feared dead, and thousands were sheltered in different rescue camps.

Bacteriological Profile of Surgical Site Infections and Their Antibiogram: A Study From Resource Constrained Rural Setting of Uttarakhand State, India.

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSI) constitute a major public health problem worldwide and are the second most frequently reported nosocomial infections. They are responsible for increasing the treatment cost, length of hospital stay and significant morbidity and mortality.

Aim: To determine the incidence of SSIs and the prevalence of aerobic bacterial pathogens involved with their antibiogram.

Mobile phones: Reservoirs for the transmission of nosocomial pathogens.

Background: Global burden of hospital-associated infection (HAI) is on the rise and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality of the patients. Mobile phones are indispensible part of communication among doctors and other health care workers (HCWs) in hospitals. Hands of HCWs play an important role in transmission of HAI and mobile phones which are seldom cleaned and often touched during or after the examination of patients without hand washing can act as a reservoir for transmission of potent pathogens.

Sinonasal Neoplasia - Clinicopathological Profile And Importance of Computed Tomography.

Background: Nasal cavity and Paranasal sinus malignancies are very rare, in which maxillary sinus is the commonest, followed by ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid sinus. Computed Tomography (CT) & Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) play a key role in diagnosis, staging and management of paranasal sinuses and nasal pathologies. Multiplanar imaging in CT helps better imaging of critical anatomical areas.

Disseminated trichosporonosis due to Trichosporon asahii in a diabetic patient.

Trichosporon asahii (formerly known as Trichosporon beigelii) is an emerging, life-threatening opportunistic pathogen and has been found to be invariably associated with disseminated or deep-seated trichosporonosis, more so among the patients with granulocytopenia or hematological malignancies. We here report a successfully treated case of disseminated trichosporonosis in a known diabetic, 14-year-old girl, admitted to our hospital with chief complaints of fever, chills, and burning micturition since 3 weeks. Disseminated trichosporonosis is usually an insidious disease with poor prognosis.

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections due to Shewanella algae - An Emerging Pathogen.

Introduction: Shewanella spp. are emerging human pathogens, the predominant species being Shewanella algae. Shewanella skin and soft tissue infections are more commonly seen in immunocompromised patients with a pre-existing cutaneous ulcer and most often associated with exposure to marine environments.

Plagiarism: an egregious form of misconduct.

Background: Publishing research papers for academic fraternity has become important for career advancement and promotion. Number of publications in peer reviewed journals and subsequent citations are recognized as measures of scientific success. Non-publishing academicians and researchers are invisible to the scientific community.

The fruits of authorship.

Scientific paper authorship is an important academic achievement for all research professionals. Being designated as an author of a paper has academic, research, social and financial implications. Signing of a manuscript as an author does confer credit but also transfers responsibility.

Ethnomedical properties of taxus wallichiana zucc. (Himalayan yew).

Taxus wallichiana Zucc., known as Himalayan yew, belongs to the family Taxaceae. It is a medium-sized, temperate, Himalayan forest tree of medicinal importance.

Krukenberg tumor in a young woman: a rare presentation.

Krukenberg tumors mostly occur after 40 years. Metastatic ovarian tumors in young age are very rare and reported to be 2% of all the cases. Thirty percent of all ovarian neoplasms occurring during childhood and adolescence are malignant.

An Outbreak of Neonatal Candidemia Due to Non-albicans Candida Species in a Resource Constrained Setting of Uttarakhand State, India.

This case report describes the outbreak of candidemia caused by non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, which within a short period of 11 days, affected six neonates housed in the same room of neonatal intensive care unit of a rural tertiary care center in Uttarakhand state, India. The NAC species isolated showed complete resistance to azole compounds tested. All the neonates were having central venous catheters at the time of diagnosis, received total parenteral nutrition and were on broad spectrum antibiotics.

Emergence of non-albicans Candida species in neonatal candidemia.

Background: Candida species are one of the most common causes of blood stream infections among neonates and account for 9-13% of such infections. Although Candida albicans remains the most common fungal isolate from neonatal candidemia, longitudinal studies have detected a shift towards non-albicans Candida (NAC) species.

Aim: To examine the prevalence and epidemiology of candidemia among infants admitted to our hospital.

Writing patient case reports for publication.

A case report is a description of a clinical case that has unique features. It may include a previously unreported clinical condition or observation of a disease, a unique use of imaging or diagnostic tool to reveal a disease, a new therapeutic intervention of a known disease, a previously unreported complication of a disease, or a new adverse event from a medication. A case report should be crisp, focused, and include few figures and references.

Aerobic bacterial flora of the normal conjunctiva at high altitude area of Shimla Hills in India: a hospital based study.

Aim: To study the normal aerobic conjunctival flora in lower to mid Himalayan region of Shimla Hills.

Methods: Samples from normal conjunctiva of 200 individuals above the age of 13 years who visited Indira Gandhi Medical College Hospital Shimla for refraction or cataract surgery were taken by anaesthetising the conjunctival sac with sterile 4% Xylocaine solution. Samples were obtained by gently rubbing lower fornix with a sterile cotton wool swab moistened with normal saline and keeping the eye lids wide apart to avoid contamination from lid margins.

Ocular chemical injuries and their management.

Chemical burns represent potentially blinding ocular injuries and constitute a true ocular emergency requiring immediate assessment and initiation of treatment. The majority of victims are young and exposure occurs at home, work place and in association with criminal assaults. Alkali injuries occur more frequently than acid injuries.

Assessment of the effects of pranayama/alternate nostril breathing on the parasympathetic nervous system in young adults.

Background And Aim: Pranayama, the art of breath control, is considered to be the heart of yogic exercises. The present study was performed with the aim of evaluating the effect of Pranayama/Alternate Nostril Breathing (A.N.

Chorea gravidarum: a rarity in West still haunts pregnant women in the East.

A pregnant woman, in her early 20s, presents with chorea following an emotional outburst. While the family members feel it to be a spirit haunting her, we try to establish the medical diagnosis of the present condition. There is a history of rheumatic fever in the past and examination reveals choreioathetoid jerky movements of her upper limbs with jerky speech, spooning of her limbs and demonstration of milkmaid's grip.

A rare finding of the superficial palmar arch-developmental and clinical significance.

The ulnar artery provides a major blood supply to the hand in the form of the superficial palmar arch, with the assistance of the radial artery. A rare pattern of the superficial palmar arch was observed in a formalin fixed, male cadaveric left hand. The ulnar artery was only involved in the formation of this arch, which provided three common palmar digital arteries which ran into the second, third and the fourth spaces between the corresponding digits and one proper palmar digital artery which ran along the ulnar side of the little finger.

Microbiology of chronic suppurative otitis media in a tertiary care setup of uttarakhand state, India.

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a notorious infection and a major health problem in developing countries causing serious local damage and threatening complications. Early and effective treatment based on the knowledge of causative micro-organisms and their antimicrobial sensitivity ensures prompt clinical recovery and possible complications can thus be avoided.

Aims: The aim of this study was to isolate the organisms associated with CSOM and to detect the antibiogram of the aerobic isolates.

Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of ivabradine and ranolazine in patients of chronic stable angina pectoris.

Introduction: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of Ivabradine (IVA) and Ranolazine (RAN) in chronic angina patients.

Materials And Methods: This was a follow-on, open-label trial conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Uttarakhand. Thirty patients each taking IVA 5 mg twice daily or RAN 500 mg twice daily were distributed to the respective groups.