A Real-World Study of Steroid-Free Monotherapy with Tofacitinib in Severe and Therapy-Recalcitrant Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Cases: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) presents with noncicatricial alopecia and has multifactorial etiology. Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKibs) with potential efficacy and favorable side-effect profile are the first class of drugs to receive FDA approval in AA.

Objectives: Our primary objective was to assess the complete response rates to tofacitinib monotherapy in severe and recalcitrant AA, alopecia totalis (AT), and alopecia universalis (AU) patients using the latest percentage change in Severity of alopecia tool (SALT) score.

An update on the myriad antifungal resistance mechanisms in dermatophytes and the place of experimental and existential therapeutic agents for complex implicated in tinea corporis and cruris.

Introduction: There is an epidemic emergence of increased resistance in dermatophytes with to antifungal drugs with ergosterol1 (Erg1) and Erg11 mutations to terbinafine and azoles. Apart from mutations, mechanisms that predict clinical failure include efflux pumps, cellular kinases, heat shock proteins (Hsp), and biofilms. Apart from itraconazole and SUBA (Super-Bioavailable) itraconazole, measures that can be used in terbinafine failure include efflux-pump inhibitors, Hsp inhibitors and judicious use of antifungal drugs (topical + systemic) combinations.

Clinico-Hematological Profile and Management of Children With Non-Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia (NTDT) at a Pediatric Center in Northern India.

Objective: To study the clinico-hematological profile, complications, and management of children with non-transfusion dependent thalassemia (NTDT) in northern India.

Method: We retrieved and analyzed the data of 69 children with NTDT diagnosed between January, 2006 to December, 2018, aged under 18 years from our unit's records.

Results: The participants mean (SD) age was 4.

Advancements in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review of Diagnostics, Management, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Patient Outcomes, Quality of Life, and Clinical Presentation.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that impacts the gastrointestinal tract. Significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of IBD have been made during the past few decades, improving patient outcomes. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of recent developments in the diagnosis and treatment of IBD.

Comparative Efficacy of Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Patients diagnosed with cancer often experience an abnormal occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its related complications. In order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of both treatment approaches, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis within the realm of cancer-associated thromboembolism. A thorough search was conducted across PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to find studies comparing direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) for the treatment of VTE in patients with malignancy.

Use of tofacitinib in baricitinib-refractory atopic dermatitis: An example of JAK inhibitor switching.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is predominantly mediated by a T-helper 2 immune system response. While JAK inhibitors have gained treatment approval for AD, data regarding interclass efficacy and therapeutic rationale is lacking. We report a patient with recalcitrant AD who failed baricitinib but demonstrated an excellent response to the pan-JAK inhibitor tofacitinib.

A Study of Various Predictors of COPD-Related Fatigue (COPD-RF) and its Correlation with other Established Outcome Parameters in COPD.

Background: Over the years approach to COPD has changed. The focus of evaluation is shifting from physiological outcome parameters to patient centered outcomes. COPD-RF is one such patient related outcome that is of considerable importance to the patients as fatigue is the second common distressing symptom in COPD & is a major concern for the patients.

Disseminated tuberculosis presenting as a tubercular sinus with myositis of forearm in an immunocompetant patient.

Disseminated tuberculosis is a life-threatening form of tuberculosis resulting from haematogenous spread of M. tuberculosis. It is most commonly seen in an immunocompromised patient.

Impact of Covid-19 on gastrointestinal cancer surgery: A National Survey.

Purpose: To understand the actual impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and frame the future strategies, we conducted a pan India survey to study the impact on the surgical management of gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: A national multicentre survey in the form of a questionnaire from 16 tertiary care gastrointestinal oncology centres across India was conducted from January 2019 to June 2021 that was divided into a 15-month pre-Covid era and a similar period of active Covid pandemic era.

Results: There was significant disruption of services; 13 (81%) centres worked as dedicated Covid care centres and 43% reported suspension of essential care for more than 6 months.

Augmentation rhinoplasty using olecranon bone graft.

Background: Correction of saddle nose deformity is one of the most frequently sought surgeries by patients seeking rhinoplasty in Asian countries. Nasal dorsal augmentation always requires graft material to achieve the desired result. Various autologous grafts and alloplastic materials have been described in the literature with their advantages and disadvantages.

Patterns and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use in people presenting with the non-communicable disease in an urban health facility, North India.

The rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a threat to India. Increasingly, individuals interested in improving their health and making healthy lifestyle changes are turning to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a health-care option. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and predictor of alternative medicine use among NCDs patients undergoing allopathic treatment in an urban health centre.

Breast Feeding in Suspected or Confirmed Cases of COVID 19-a New Perspective.

The encounter with the rampant novel Corona virus infection has led the healthcare system across the world to update and modify its tools to fight this pandemic. Pregnancy, childbirth and breast feeding are a set of special situations to be dealt in women afflicted with Covid-19. Currently there is no universal consensus on managing the issue of breast feeding with rooming-in of the neonates in women with suspected or confirmed Covid-19.

Nicolau Syndrome, Masquerader of Postinjection Sciatic Nerve Injury: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Background: Sciatic nerve injury after inadvertent intramuscular gluteal injection is a well-described entity. We have presented a case of a rare and probably underdiagnosed pathological entity, Nicolau syndrome, which can be confused with injection palsy.

Case Description: We report the case of a 13-year-old boy who had presented with foot drop and urinary and fecal incontinence after an intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin in the left gluteal region.

Status of 25-hydroxy vitamin D level in simple febrile seizures and its correlation with recurrence of seizures.

Background: Febrile seizures are associated with a lot of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Extensive research is currently going on to discover more and more risk factors of febrile seizures, so that they can be modified to decrease their incidence and recurrence.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the status of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in children presented with simple febrile seizures and to find its correlation with recurrence of seizures.

Smoking and alcoholism among adult population and its association with outlet density in a hilly area of North India.

Background: The rising burden of non-communicable diseases is a threat to India. The behavioural risk factors having largest contribution to NCDs. Neighbourhood retailing of tobacco products, and alcohol are important risk factors.

Molecular characterization of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from urinary tract infection and interaction between Enterococcus faecalis encountered Dendritic and Natural Killer cells.

Purpose: Enterococcus faecalis is an emerging nosocomial pathogen. The study investigates the E. faecalis specific innate immune cells interplay between Natural Killer cells (NK) and Dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro.

Lithium-induced Thyroiditis in a Patient Having Bipolar Affective Disorder - A Rare Case Report.

A 22-year-old female, previously diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder on lithium therapy, presented to us with manic symptoms. The blood investigations revealed elevated thyroxine and thyroid peroxidase antibodies and reduced thyroid-stimulating hormone with poor tapping function of thyroid on technetium thyroid scintigraphy indicating lithium-induced thyroiditis.

Spontaneous Medial Cribriform CSF Leak: Endoscopic Surgical Repair with Free Mucosal Graft-Our Experience.

Cribriform plate is the commonest site of spontaneous CSF leak, the fragility of the plate and juxtaposition of arachnoid's investment to the bone, where the olfactory nerve pierces the skull made this area, a vulnerable site for CSF leak. Transnasal endoscopic approach has gained popularity for CSF leak repair over the years. To describe the 5 year experience of spontaneous medial cribriform CSF leak repair with free mucosal graft in a tertiary medical centre.

Evaluation of competency and skills of skilled birth attendants in Madhya Pradesh, central India.

The National Health Mission tracks the proportion of women delivered by skilled birth attendants (SBAs). We assessed SBAs competence in Madhya Pradesh, India, using structured evaluation tools. It is a cross-sectional study conducted from 2014 to 2015.

Water and Sanitation Hygiene Practices for Under-Five Children among Households of Sugali Tribe of Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Background: Increased mortality is associated with poor household water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) practices. The objective was to study the WaSH practices for under-five children among households of Sugali Tribe, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in four mandals in 2012.

Perinatal care practices in home deliveries in rural Bangalore, India: A community-based, cross-sectional survey.

Background A slowing in the decline in neonatal mortality in India has hindered progress made in reducing overall child mortality. The persisting use of unsafe home deliveries and harmful neonatal care practices may contribute to this stagnation in neonatal mortality rates. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study of mothers residing in rural Bangalore, India, who had given birth within 42 days of the day of home visit was done during 2013-2014.

Financial Burden of Out-of-Pocket Expenditures for Primary Health Care in Hilly Areas of Garhwal Region, Uttarakhand, North India.

Introduction: High total health expenditures via Out-of-Pocket (OOP) as formal user fees and informal payments put India in challenging situation to achieve towards universal health coverage.

Aim: To assess the (OOP) expenditure and its determinants among outpatient in primary care settings of Uttarakhand, North India.

Materials And Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in a Outpatient Department of Urban Health Training Centre, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India and Rural Health Training Centre, Kritinagar, Uttarakhand in 2015.

Decision Making in Bowel Obstruction: A Review.

Over the last century there have not been significant changes in the anatomical location of obstruction. The age of presentation has increased along with age related co-morbidity. Management has consequently been challenging as risks keep on increasing with advanced age.