Intervention strategies to prevent mental health problems and improve resilience in employed parents from conception until the child is 5 years of age: a scoping review.

Aim: To understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to the effectiveness of intervention strategies targeting working pregnant women, and their partners, for the prevention of mental health problems (depression, anxiety) and improving resilience, from conception until the child is 5 years of age.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted searching Pubmed (including Medline), Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were based on population (employed parents), context (from -9 months to 5 years postpartum) and concept (mental health problems, resilience and prevention/ preventative interventions).

The role of childhood trauma and attachment state of mind in mothers' birth experiences.

Negative birth experiences are common. It is yet unclear which women may be most at risk already before pregnancy. Childhood trauma and non-autonoumous/unresolved attachment state of mind may affect how women experience giving birth.

Health Problems of Professional Ballet Dancers: an Analysis of 1627 Weekly Self-Reports on Injuries, Illnesses and Mental Health Problems During One Season.

Background: Several studies have investigated injuries of (pre-)professional ballet dancers, however most used a medical-attention and/or time-loss definition and did not analyse the prevalence of all health problems. The aim was to analyse the frequency and characteristics of all self-reported physical and mental health complaints (i.e.

In the I of the beholder: an attempt to capture the implicit self-concept regarding psychopathy.

This article explores the implicit self-concept pertaining to psychopathy. Two online studies showed inconsistent results, with Study 1 ( = 243) suggesting that psychopathy is linked to an implicit self-concept marked by low empathy and Study 2 ( = 230) implying no such relationship. In a sample of offenders and community controls (Study 3a,  = 166), higher scores on the (PCL-R) were related to an implicit self-concept of being less rather than more antisocial, and the implicit self-concept showed incremental validity compared to the explicit self-concept.

Targeting NF-κB Signaling: Selected Small Molecules Downregulate Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Both Food Allergen and LPS-Induced Inflammation.

Although inflammation is primarily a protective response guarding the human body, it can result in a variety of chronic diseases such as allergies, auto-immune, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In NF-κB-mediated inflammation, many small molecules and food compounds characterized as nutraceuticals have shown positive effects associated with immunomodulatory properties. We investigated the effects of selected bioactive small molecules, commonly found in food components, vanillyl alcohol (VA) and lauric acid (LA), on different cell lines exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the food allergen actinidin (Act d 1).

Gain-of-function variants in CLCN7 cause hypopigmentation and lysosomal storage disease.

Together with its β-subunit OSTM1, ClC-7 performs 2Cl/H exchange across lysosomal membranes. Pathogenic variants in either gene cause lysosome-related pathologies, including osteopetrosis and lysosomal storage. CLCN7 variants can cause recessive or dominant disease.

(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)arsonic Acid Induces Apoptosis through the Mitochondrial Pathway, Downregulates XIAP, and Overcomes Multidrug Resistance to Cytostatic Drugs in Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells In Vitro.

Cancer treatment is greatly challenged by drug resistance, highlighting the need for novel drug discoveries. Here, we investigated novel organoarsenic compounds regarding their resistance-breaking and apoptosis-inducing properties in leukemia and lymphoma. Notably, the compound (2,6-dimethylphenyl)arsonic acid (As2) demonstrated significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in leukemia and lymphoma cells while sparing healthy leukocytes.

Stability and inter-family associations of hair endocannabinoid and N-acylethanolamines across the perinatal period in mothers, fathers, and children.

Analysis of endocannabinoids (ECs) and N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) in hair is assumed to retrospectively assess long-term EC/NAE concentrations. To inform their use, this study investigated stability of EC/NAE hair concentrations in mothers, fathers, and their children across the perinatal period as well as associations between family members. In a prospective cohort study, EC (AEA, 1-AG/2-AG) and NAE (SEA, PEA, OEA) levels were quantified in hair samples taken four times in mothers (n = 336) and their partners (n = 225) from pregnancy to two years postpartum and in offspring (n = 319) from shortly after birth to two years postpartum.

Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress symptoms - examining associations with hair endocannabinoid concentrations during pregnancy and lifetime trauma.

Evidence has linked alterations of the endocannabinoid system with trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Childbirth-related PTSD symptoms (CB-PTSS) affect about every eighth woman and can negatively influence the entire family. While aetiological models of CB-PTSD include psychological risk factors such as maternal trauma history and negative subjective birth experience (SBE), they lack biological risk indicators.

Behind the Curtain: Prevalence of Symptoms of Depression, Generalised Anxiety and Eating Disorders in 147 Professional Dancers from Six Opera Houses or State Theatres.

Background: Mental health problems cover a wide spectrum. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most frequent mental health problem in the general population and in elite athletes. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression, generalised anxiety disorder and eating disorders in professional dancers, to compare the results between genders and to the general population and to analyse potential determinants.

Thoracolumbar fascia deformation during deadlifting and trunk extension in individuals with and without back pain.

Background: Alterations in posture, lumbopelvic kinematics, and movement patterns are commonly seen in patients with low back pain. Therefore, strengthening the posterior muscle chain has been shown to result in significant improvement in pain and disability status. Recent studies suggest that thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) has a major impact on the maintenance of spinal stability and paraspinal muscle activity, and thus is likely to have an equal impact on deadlift performance.

Prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of German first and lower leagues.

Background: While several studies on mental health of elite athletes were published in recent years, few compared the prevalence with the general population and none included field hockey players.

Aims: To analyze the prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of different skill levels and to compare it to the general population.

Methods: Male and female hockey players from different leagues were asked to answer questions on player characteristics, the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7).

The scrotum: A comparison of men's and women's aesthetic assessments.

Background: Cosmetic surgery is a growing trend. Opportunities for an individual to attain their personal aesthetic ideal via plastic surgery have now extended as far as the genital area. Adaptive surgery on intimate areas of the body may take place for physical complaints, but may instead be due to a desire to conform to a particular ideal.

Novel gold(I) complexes induce apoptosis in leukemia cells via the ROS-induced mitochondrial pathway with an upregulation of Harakiri and overcome multi drug resistances in leukemia and lymphoma cells and sensitize drug resistant tumor cells to apoptosis in vitro.

Gold complexes could be promising for tumor therapy because of their cytotoxic and cytostatic properties. We present novel gold(I) complexes and clarify whether they also show antitumor activity by studying apoptosis induction in different tumor cell lines in vitro, comparing the compounds on resistant cells and analyzing the mechanism of action. We particularly highlight one gold complex that shows cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on leukemia and lymphoma cells already in the nanomolar range, induces apoptosis via the intrinsic signaling pathway, and plays a role in the production of reactive oxygen species.

Meningitis and spondylodiscitis due to Nocardia nova in an immunocompetent patient.

Background: Disseminated nocardiosis is a very rare disease. By now only few cases of meningitis and spondylodiscitis have been reported. To our knowledge, this is the first case of meningitis caused by Nocardia nova.

Ruthenium Complex HB324 Induces Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Pathway with an Upregulation of Harakiri and Overcomes Cisplatin Resistance in Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro.

Ruthenium(II) complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have recently attracted attention as novel chemotherapeutic agents. The complex HB324 was intensively studied as an apoptosis-inducing compound in resistant cell lines. HB324 induced apoptosis via mitochondrial pathways.

Hair glucocorticoids during pregnancy in the context of trauma exposure and their predictive value for the development of childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Background: Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) is gaining attention as a mental disorder with negative sequela for mothers and their offspring. Maternal trauma history is a well-known vulnerability factor for CB-PTSD symptoms (CB-PTSS). Furthermore, alterations of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis have been linked to both trauma exposure and PTSD development.

Simultaneous EEG/MEG yields complementary information of nociceptive evoked responses.

Objective: Nociceptive stimuli have been studied either by dipolar modelling using electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG), but rarely using both techniques simultaneously. This study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal representation of cortical activity in response to non-nociceptive (tactile) and nociceptive (laser) stimuli using parallel EEG-MEG recordings.

Methods: We performed simultaneous EEG and MEG recordings in 12 healthy subjects by applying pneumatic tactile and nociceptive laser stimuli on the right- and left-hand dorsum.

Disturbance of Key Cellular Subproteomes upon Propofol Treatment Is Associated with Increased Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier.

Background: Propofol is a short-acting anesthetic, which is often used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation for mechanically ventilated adults and procedural sedation. Several side effects of propofol are known and a substantial number of patients suffer from post-operative delirium after propofol application. In this study, we analyzed the effect of propofol on the function and protein expression profile on a proteome-wide scale.

Genotype-phenotype associations within the Li-Fraumeni spectrum: a report from the German Registry.

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by pathogenic TP53 variants. The condition represents one of the most relevant genetic causes of cancer in children and adults due to its frequency and high cancer risk. The term Li-Fraumeni spectrum reflects the evolving phenotypic variability of the condition.

Dihydroxyquingdainone Induces Apoptosis in Leukaemia and Lymphoma Cells via the Mitochondrial Pathway in a Bcl-2- and Caspase-3-Dependent Manner and Overcomes Resistance to Cytostatic Drugs In Vitro.

and its indigo dyes have already provided highly active anti-leukaemic lead compounds, with the focus mainly being on indirubin, whereas indigo itself is inactive. There are many more indigoids to find in this plant extract, for example, quingdainone, an indigoid derived from tryptanthrin. We present here a new synthesis of hitherto neglected substituted quingdainones, which is very necessary due to their poor solubility behaviour, and a structure-dependent anti-leukaemic activity study of a number of compounds.