Peritraumatic C-reactive protein levels predict pain outcomes following traumatic stress exposure in a sex-dependent manner.

Background: Chronic pain following traumatic stress exposure (TSE) is common. Increasing evidence suggests inflammatory/immune mechanisms are induced by TSE, play a key role in the recovery process versus development of post-TSE chronic pain, and are sex specific. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with chronic pain after TSE in a sex-specific manner.

Association of blood cadmium and physical activity with mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Physical activity (PA) may be considered an alternative method to ameliorate the elevated mortality risks associated with cadmium exposure. In this prospective cohort study, a total of 20,253 participants (weighted mean age, 47.79 years), including 10,247 men (weighted prevalence: 50.

Toward clearer recognition and easier usefulness: development of a cross-lingual atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease ontology.

Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease could result in a great number of deaths and disabilities. However, it did not acquire enough attention. Less information, statistics, or data on the disease has been revealed.

Participatory Development of an International Information Brochure on the Multimodal Assessment of Disorders of Consciousness.

Background: Disorders of consciousness (DoC) refers to a group of clinical conditions of altered consciousness. To improve their diagnosis and prognosis, multimodal assessment can be of great importance. Informal caregivers of people with DoC who are confronted with new technologies as such can benefit from interventions to expand their health literacy, i.

Addressing the challenges of integrating digital health technologies to measure patient-centred outcomes in clinical registries.

Longitudinal patient registries generate important evidence for advancing clinical care and the regulatory evaluation of health-care products. Most national registries rely on data collected as part of routine clinical encounters, an approach that does not capture real-world, patient-centred outcomes, such as physical activity, fatigue, ability to do daily tasks, and other indicators of quality of life. Digital health technologies that obtain such real-world data could greatly enhance patient registries but unresolved challenges have so far prevented their broad adoption.

Novel AIRTrode-based wearable electrode supports long-term, online brain-computer interface operations.

Non-invasive electroencephalograms (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) play a crucial role in a diverse range of applications, including motor rehabilitation, assistive and communication technologies, holding potential promise to benefit users across various clinical spectrums. Effective integration of these applications into daily life requires systems that provide stable and reliable BCI control for extended periods. Our prior research introduced the AIRTrode, a self-adhesive (A), injectable (I), and room-temperature (RT) spontaneously-crosslinked hydrogel electrode (AIRTrode).

Key epigenetic and signaling factors in the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) controls the movement of molecules into and out of the central nervous system (CNS). Since a functional BBB forms by mouse embryonic day E15.5, we reasoned that gene cohorts expressed in CNS endothelial cells (EC) at E13.

Homozygous ASTN1 Nonsense Variant Linked to Epileptic Encephalopathy: A Detailed Report With Unique Clinical Presentation.

Identification of a new pathogenic ASTN1 p.R517X (c.1549C>T) variant in a 7-month-old girl using gene sequencing methods and bioinformatics analysis.

Effects of rivastigmine on gait in patients with neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Gait disturbances are commonly observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and higher-level gait disorders, which are associated with cholinergic deficits. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of rivastigmine on improvement in gait.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and text keywords related to gait and falls after rivastigmine treatment for neurodegenerative disorders.

Estimation of prevalence of autoimmune diseases in the United States using electronic health record data.

Background: Previous epidemiologic studies of autoimmune diseases in the United States (US) have included a limited number of diseases or used meta-analyses that rely on different data collection methods and analyses for each disease.

Methods: To estimate the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in the US, we used electronic health record data from six large medical systems in the US. We developed a software program using common methodology to compute the estimated prevalence of autoimmune diseases alone and in aggregate that can be readily used by other investigators to replicate or modify the analysis over time.

Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Atlas of Cerebrospinal Fluid Immune Cells Across Neurological Diseases.

Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides unique insights into the brain and neurological diseases. However, the potential of CSF flow cytometry applied on a large scale remains unknown.

Methods: We used data-driven approaches to analyze paired CSF and blood flow cytometry measurements from 8,790 patients (discovery cohort) and CSF only data from 3,201 patients (validation cohort) collected across neurological diseases in a real-world setting.

π-HuB: the proteomic navigator of the human body.

The human body contains trillions of cells, classified into specific cell types, with diverse morphologies and functions. In addition, cells of the same type can assume different states within an individual's body during their lifetime. Understanding the complexities of the proteome in the context of a human organism and its many potential states is a necessary requirement to understanding human biology, but these complexities can neither be predicted from the genome, nor have they been systematically measurable with available technologies.

Antibiotic Utilization Among People With Multiple Sclerosis in the Netherlands, 2018-2020.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the intensity and patterns of antibiotic drug use among people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) in the Netherlands.

Methods: People with prevalent MS between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2020 were identified using ambulatory hospital records from the PHARMO Database Network that contains routinely collected healthcare data from the Netherlands. Out-patient pharmacy dispensing data were used to assess type of antibiotic, dosage, and amounts dispensed.

Decoding disparities: evaluating automatic speech recognition system performance in transcribing Black and White patient verbal communication with nurses in home healthcare.

Objectives: As artificial intelligence evolves, integrating speech processing into home healthcare (HHC) workflows is increasingly feasible. Audio-recorded communications enhance risk identification models, with automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems as a key component. This study evaluates the transcription accuracy and equity of 4 ASR systems-Amazon Web Services (AWS) General, AWS Medical, Whisper, and Wave2Vec-in transcribing patient-nurse communication in US HHC, focusing on their ability in accurate transcription of speech from Black and White English-speaking patients.

Cardiac Elastography With External Vibration for Quantification of Diastolic Myocardial Stiffness.

Objectives: Heart failure is an increasing global health problem. Approximately 50% of patients with heart failure have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and concomitant diastolic dysfunction (DD), in part caused by increased myocardial stiffness not detectable by standard echocardiography. While elastography can map tissue stiffness, cardiac applications are currently limited, especially in patients with a higher body mass index.

Performance of ICD-10-based injury severity scores in pediatric trauma patients using the ICD-AIS map and survival rate ratios.

Objectives: The performance of injury severity scores (ISSs), used widely to quantify injury severity and predict outcomes, has not been investigated in German pediatric cases. This study aims to identify the most feasible and accurate injury score predictor of mortality in German children with trauma using International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10).

Study Design And Setting: Between 2014 and 2020, a retrospective observational cohort study of hospital admissions cases aged <18 years with injury-related ICD-10 codes, using the German hospital database (GHD), was conducted.

Acute stroke care coordination in the United States: Variation in state laws for Emergency Medical Services and hospitals.

Background: Lack of care coordination between Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and hospitals contributes to delay of acute stroke (AS) treatment. In the United States, states have adopted laws to improve the quality of EMS and hospital care; the degree to which these laws create regulatory incentives to promote care coordination between them is less well known. We examined state variation in attributes of laws that may influence AS care coordination between EMS and hospitals.

Novel loci and biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation.

Iron homoeostasis is tightly regulated, with hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) playing significant roles. However, the genetic determinants of these traits and the biomedical consequences of iron homoeostasis variation are unclear. In a meta-analysis of 12 cohorts involving 91,675 participants, we found 43 genomic loci associated with either hepcidin or sTfR concentration, of which 15 previously unreported.

Preliminary reference values for Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in Congolese individuals with and without dementia.

Background: Western countries have provided reference values (RV) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) plasma biomarkers, but there are not available in Sub-Saharan African populations.

Objective: We provide preliminary RV for AD and other plasma biomarkers including amyloid- (Aβ42/40), phosphorylated tau-181 and 217 (p-tau181, p-tau217), neurofilament light (Nfl), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), interleukin 1b and 10 (IL-1b and IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) in Congolese adults with and without dementia.

Methods: 85 adults (40 healthy and 45 dementia) over 50 years old were included.