Molecular mechanisms of mTOR-mediated cisplatin response in tumor cells.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the main chemotherapeutic drugs that is widely used in many cancers. However, CDDP resistance is a frequent therapeutic challenge that reduces prognosis in cancer patients. Since, CDDP has noticeable side effects in normal tissues and organs, it is necessary to assess the molecular mechanisms associated with CDDP resistance to improve the therapeutic methods in cancer patients.

Recent progress in prompt molecular detection of liquid biopsy using Cas enzymes: innovative approaches for cancer diagnosis and analysis.

Creating fast, non-invasive, precise, and specific diagnostic tests is crucial for enhancing cancer treatment outcomes. Among diagnostic methods, those relying on nucleic acid detection are highly sensitive and specific. Recent developments in diagnostic technologies, particularly those leveraging Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are revolutionizing cancer detection, providing accurate and timely results.

Seroprevalence of in a population of 15 to 35 years old in Mashhad.

Background And Objectives: is a bacterium involved in gastrointestinal disorders with a high prevalence in Iran. We have determined the seroprevalence of in the young adult population of Mashhad city for the first time.

Materials And Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study on 933 individuals between the ages of 15 and 35 in Mashhad.

[Methylation of Long Noncoding RNA Genes SNHG6, SNHG12, and TINCR in Ovarian Cancer].

Ovarian cancer (OC) develops asymptomatically and escapes diagnosis until advanced stages, the feature contributing to a higher mortality rate. New prospects of OC diagnosis and treatment have been opened in studies of the gene regulation mechanisms that involve long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and identification of the lncRNA genes that are inhibited via methylation of the promoter region. A set of 122 samples of primary OC tumors was examined by methylation specific real-time PCR to assess the methylation level of the lncRNA genes PLUT, SNHG1, SNHG6, SNHG12, and TINCR.

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy in HPV positive and HPV negative skin cancer: A comprehensive review.

Skin cancer is the most common new cancer among Caucasians. This cancer has different types, of which non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common type. Various factors affect this disease, one of which is viral infections, including HPV.

An extensive in silico analysis of missense mutations of the human gene.

HLD17 (Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy 17) is an inherited white matter disorder characterized by insufficient myelin production due to biallelic loss of function mutations in the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2) gene. In silico analysis of SNVs (single nucleotide variants) in the AIMP2 gene is an efficient and cost-effective method for analyzing and predicting the impact of mutations on protein function and disease pathophysiology. The study used dbSNP and Ensembl databases to obtain data on 343 nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants (nsSNVs) in the human AIMP2 gene.

The therapeutic potential of red beetroot ( L.) intake on muscle atrophy in immobilized mouse skeletal muscles.

Skeletal muscle atrophy is the reduction in muscle mass and function caused by an imbalance in protein synthesis and degradation. Inflammation has been shown to accelerate protein degradation during periods of muscle inactivity. We investigated the potential therapeutic effects of beetroot extract (BRE) in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress to prevent muscular atrophy after a short period of immobilization.

ABO gene polymorphism and COVID-19 severity: The impact on haematological complications, inflammatory markers, and lung lesions.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the connection between an intronic variant in the ABO gene (rs657152) and the severity of COVID-19 in terms of clinical symptoms, haematological complications, inflammatory markers, and lung lesions.

Methods: After applying exclusion criteria, the study included 240 patients divided into 3 groups: 88 Outpatients, 84 Ward-hospitalized, and 68 ICU-admitted/failed patients. The tetra-ARMS PCR method was used to genotype ABO polymorphism in the patient.

Long non-coding RNAs as the pivotal regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition through WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in tumor cells.

Tumor cell invasion is considered as one of the main therapeutic challenges in cancer patients, which leads to distant metastasis and reduced prognosis. Therefore, investigation of the factors involved in tumor cell invasion improves the therapeutic methods to reduce tumor metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process has a pivotal role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis, during which tumor cells gain the invasive ability by losing epithelial characteristics and acquiring mesenchymal characteristics.

Assessment the Efficacy of the CRISPR System for Inducing Mutations in the AIMP2 Gene to Create a Cell Line Model of HLD17 Disease.

Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-17 is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the AIMP2 gene, resulting in a lack of myelin deposition during brain development, leading to variable neurological symptoms. Research on brain function in these disorders is challenging due to the lack of access to brain tissue. To overcome this problem, researchers have utilized different cell and animal models.

KRAS mutations detection methodology: from RFLP to CRISPR/Cas based methods.

In personalized cancer medicine, the identification of KRAS mutations is essential for making treatment decisions and improving patient outcomes. This work presents a comprehensive review of the current approaches for detection of KRAS mutations in different cancers. We highlight the value of fast and reliable KRAS mutations discovery and the effectiveness of molecular testing for selecting individuals who might benefit from targeted therapy.

LINC00365 as a potential biomarker for total nephrectomy in advanced-stage renal cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most frequent urological cancers globally that has a good prognosis in the early tumor stages. However, there is a poor prognosis in metastatic RCC patients. Therefore, it is needed to evaluate the molecular biology of RCC progression to introduce the efficient diagnostic and therapeutic markers in these patients.

The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Tumor Microenvironment and Modulation of Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Immunotherapy, as a novel treatment approach for various disorders, including cancers, is designed to either stimulate or suppress the immune system with high speci-ficity. The recent achievements of this therapy in clinical trials are set to transform tradi-tional treatment methods. Furthermore, it holds promise for enhancing the survival rates of patients suffering from both metastatic cancers and primary stages.

Identification of miR-20a as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: MicroRNA Sequencing and Machine Learning Analysis.

Introduction: The differential expression of miRNAs, a key regulator in many cell signaling pathways, has been studied in various malignancies and may have an important role in cancer progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC).

Method: The present study used machine learning and gene interaction study tools to explore the prognostic and diagnostic value of miRNAs in CRC. Integrative analysis of 353 CRC samples and normal tissue data was obtained from the TCGA database and further analyzed by R packages to define the deferentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs).

MicroRNA-382 as a tumor suppressor during tumor progression.

Despite the recent progresses in therapeutic and diagnostic methods, there is still a significantly high rate of mortality among cancer patients. One of the main reasons for the high mortality rate in cancer patients is late diagnosis, which leads to the failure of therapeutic strategies. Therefore, investigation of cancer biology can lead to the introduction of early diagnostic markers in these patients.

An overview of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) with emphasis on HBV vaccination.

Background: The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a significant threat to the lives of 257 million individuals globally, potentially resulting in severe outcomes such as liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Among the existing preventive measures, yeast-derived vaccines have proven to be the most efficacious approach in combatting hepatitis B. Nonetheless, as scientific inquiries focus more on occult HBV infection (OBI) in vaccinated persons and the lingering risk of vertical transmission affecting 10-30 % of babies born to HBsAg-positive mothers, there is a growing apprehension regarding the inability of HBV vaccines to ensure complete immunity.

Clinical and genetic delineation of autosomal recessive and dominant ACTL6B-related developmental brain disorders.

Purpose: This study aims to comprehensively delineate the phenotypic spectrum of ACTL6B-related disorders, previously associated with both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorders. Molecularly, the role of the nucleolar protein ACTL6B in contributing to the disease has remained unclear.

Methods: We identified 105 affected individuals, including 39 previously reported cases, and systematically analysed detailed clinical and genetic data for all individuals.

Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in gastric cancer: from conventional to novel biomarkers.

Gastric cancer is a major health concern worldwide. The survival rate of Gastric cancer greatly depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early diagnosis is critical for improving survival outcomes.

Darifenacin: a promising chitinase 3-like 1 inhibitor to tackle drug resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most aggressive malignancies. Our previous work revealed Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) involvement in PDAC resistance to gemcitabine, identifying it as a promising therapeutic target. Here, we aimed to identify putative CHI3L1 inhibitors and to investigate their chemosensitizing potential in PDAC.

Association between IL-6 -174 G/C (rs1800795) and IL-1A -889 C/T (rs1800587) cytokine variants with polycystic ovary syndrome in Iranian women: A case-control study.

Background And Aim: Infertility in women has various causes, one of which is ovulation disorders. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affecting ovulation is a complex idiopathic disease in which genetic polymorphisms may be involved. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between IL-6 -174 G/C and IL-1A -889 G/A cytokine polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome in a population of Iranian women.

Matrix metalloproteinases as the critical regulators of cisplatin response and tumor cell invasion.

Cisplatin (CDDP) as one of the most common first-line chemotherapy drugs plays a vital role in the treatment of a wide range of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, CDDP resistance is observed as a therapeutic challenge in a large number of cancer patients. Considering the CDDP side effects in normal tissues, predicting the CDDP response of cancer patients can significantly help to choose the appropriate therapeutic strategy.

Procalcitonin in inflammatory bowel disease: A diagnostic or prognostic marker.

Serological biomarkers have been rapidly progressing as non-invasive tests for the early detection of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Procalcitonin (PCT) is a novel acute-phase reactant protein that is elevated in the inflammatory process, especially in bacterial infections. This study aimed to review the diagnostic value of PCT in IBD activity.

MicroRNA-135b mainly functions as an oncogene during tumor progression.

Late diagnosis is considered one of the main reasons of high mortality rate among cancer patients that results in therapeutic failure and tumor relapse. Therefore, it is needed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms associated with tumor progression to introduce efficient markers for the early tumor detection among cancer patients. The remarkable stability of microRNAs (miRNAs) in body fluids makes them potential candidates to use as the non-invasive tumor biomarkers in cancer screening programs.