13,018 results match your criteria: "Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg; Freiburg[Affiliation]"
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the importance of forecasting future health issues in the USA for effective planning and public awareness regarding disease and injury burdens.
- It describes the methodology for predicting life expectancy, cause-specific mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 2022 to 2050 using the Global Burden of Diseases framework.
- The forecasting includes various scenarios to assess the potential impacts of health risks and improvements across the country, focusing on demographic trends and health-related risk factors.
Characterizing and targeting glioblastoma neuron-tumor networks with retrograde tracing.
Cell
December 2024
Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Glioblastomas are aggressive brain tumors that resist treatment and utilize neuron-tumor connections to promote their growth, with cholinergic neurons playing a key role in this invasion.
- The study utilized rabies viruses for retrograde tracing to reveal how glioblastomas integrate into brain circuits, showing that radiotherapy can enhance neuron-tumor connectivity, complicating treatment efforts.
- By disrupting neuron-tumor connections, researchers discovered a potential therapeutic approach that could halt glioblastoma progression, emphasizing the need to target these synapses for better treatment outcomes.
Experience of patients and healthcare practitioners with interdisciplinary care in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with skin manifestations: A systematic scoping review.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
December 2024
Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Research Group, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- skIMIDs involve immune-mediated diseases that can affect skin and other organs, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary care to improve patient and healthcare practitioner (HCP) experiences.
- There is a lack of clarity on how patients and HCPs perceive and measure their experiences with this type of care, despite its importance for treatment outcomes and satisfaction levels.
- A review of 21 studies showed mixed results, with some reporting positive experiences with tailored IC models, while broader geographic studies indicated lower satisfaction levels, emphasizing the need for standardized measurement tools to better understand these experiences.
Outcome and management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who achieved a complete response to immunotherapy-based systemic therapy.
Hepatology
November 2024
Department of Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Background And Aims: The outcome of patients with HCC who achieved complete response (CR) to immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based systemic therapies is unclear.
Approach And Results: Retrospective study of patients with HCC who had CR according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (CR-mRECIST) to ICI-based systemic therapies from 28 centers in Asia, Europe, and the United States. Of 3933 patients with HCC treated with ICI-based noncurative systemic therapies, 174 (4.
Endoscopic papillectomy versus surgical ampullectomy for adenomas and early cancers of the papilla: a retrospective Pancreas2000/European Pancreatic Club analysis.
Gut
December 2024
Department of Digestive and HBP Surgery, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Médecine Sorbonne Université APHP, Paris, France.
Objective: Ampullary neoplastic lesions can be resected by endoscopic papillectomy (EP) or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy (TSA) while pancreaticoduodenectomy is reserved for more advanced lesions. We present the largest retrospective comparative study analysing EP and TSA.
Design: Of all patients in the database, lesions with prior interventions, benign histology advanced malignancy (T2 and more), patients with hereditary syndromes and those undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were excluded.
Improved survival of advanced melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy with concomitant antithrombotic therapy - A multicenter study on 2419 patients from the prospective skin cancer registry ADOReg.
Eur J Cancer
January 2025
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany; Fleur Hiege Center for Skin Cancer Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized melanoma treatment, but the high number of non-responders still emphasizes the need for improvement of therapy. One potential avenue for enhancing anti-tumor treatment is through the modulation of coagulation and platelet activity. Both have been found to play an important role in the tumor microenvironment, tumor growth and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA helminth enzyme subverts macrophage-mediated immunity by epigenetic targeting of prostaglandin synthesis.
Sci Immunol
December 2024
Department of Immunobiology, Université de Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
The molecular mechanisms by which worm parasites evade host immunity are incompletely understood. In a mouse model of intestinal helminth infection using (), we show that helminthic glutamate dehydrogenase (heGDH) drives parasite chronicity by suppressing macrophage-mediated host defense. Combining RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and targeted lipidomics, we identify prostaglandin E (PGE) as a major immune regulatory mechanism of heGDH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune inflammation markers and physical fitness during a congested match play period in elite male soccer players.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Movement, Sport, Health and Sciences laboratory (M2S), University of Rennes 2, Rennes, France.
Background/objective: Cellular immune markers of inflammation such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) are frequently used in patient care. The adoption of these markers to elite sports, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModulation of TCR stimulation and pifithrin-α improve the genomic safety profile of CRISPR-engineered human T cells.
Cell Rep Med
December 2024
Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine and Health, Department of Preclinical Medicine, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, 81675 Munich, Germany; TUM, Institute for Advanced Study, 85748 Garching, Germany. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - CRISPR-engineered CAR T cells show promise in cancer treatments but have been linked to chromosomal issues due to the CRISPR process.
- - The study reveals that increased T cell activation and faster proliferation lead to larger DNA deletions, while non-activated T cells have a lower risk but are less effective for gene editing.
- - A small molecule called pifithrin-α can reduce chromosomal damage while preserving the functionality of CRISPR-engineered T cells, making it a viable strategy for improving genomic safety.
Advancing toxicovigilance of recreational drugs, including new psychoactive substances, by using data from four European poison centres.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2025
Dutch Poisons Information Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Introduction: Common recreational drugs and new psychoactive substances pose challenges to public health. This study investigated the feasibility of merging cases of recreational drug poisoning reported to European poison centres.
Methods: Four European poison centres (Freiburg, Germany; the Netherlands; Sweden and Switzerland) collaborated in a retrospective, observational study.
Comparison of the Effective Radiation Dose in the Region of the Facial Skull Between Multidetector CT, Dental Conebeam CT and Intraoperative 3D C-Arms.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr
December 2024
Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial-Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Study Design: Experimental single-centre study of X-ray absorption using a phantom skull.
Objective: This experimental study aimed to compare the radiation doses of different 3D imaging devices used in maxillofacial surgery, including one Multidetector CT (MDCT), two Conebeam CT (CBCT) and four intraoperative 3D C-arms.
Methods: Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) were used to determine the absorbed radiation in an Alderson-Rando phantom skull.
Proteomics and Incident Kidney Failure in Individuals With CKD: The African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension and the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort.
Kidney Med
December 2024
Department of Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY.
Article Synopsis
- Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at a heightened risk for serious health issues as they progress towards kidney failure, prompting the need to identify proteins in the bloodstream that may play a role in this process.
- A study analyzed data from two groups, AASK and BKBC, which included a total of 1,137 participants with baseline protein measurements to see how these proteins correlate with the risk of kidney failure.
- The research identified 143 proteins linked to kidney failure, with one protein (Testican-2) associated with a reduced risk, highlighting the importance of certain proteins related to kidney health and disease mechanisms.
On the impact of improved dose calculation accuracy in clinical treatment planning for superficial high-dose-rate brachytherapy of extensive scalp lesions.
Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol
October 2024
Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site DKTK, Freiburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- TG-43 dose calculations in HDR brachytherapy often overlook variations in tissue density and scattering effects, leading to inaccuracies.
- Model-based dose calculation algorithms (MBDCAs) were introduced to enhance precision in high-dose-rate (HDR) treatments, especially for extended scalp lesions.
- This study found that MBDCAs provided more accurate dose estimations compared to TG-43, with discrepancies reduced to 2%-6% versus the 10%-23% overestimations seen with TG-43 at greater distances from the implant.
Effects of high-protein supplementation during cancer therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Clin Nutr
December 2024
Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * The supplementation showed promising benefits for muscle strength, with high-quality studies confirming improvements, although many studies had a risk of bias.
- * No serious adverse effects were reported, but findings on health-related quality of life and other outcomes were inconsistent or limited.
Impact of sedation depth on neurological outcome in post-cardiac arrest patients - A retrospective cohort study.
Resuscitation
December 2024
Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates whether different sedation depths during targeted temperature management (TTM) can affect neurological outcomes in post-cardiac arrest patients.
- It analyzed data from a medical ICU over several years, comparing patients sedated to a RASS-target of -5 versus -4, focusing on favorable neurological outcomes defined as a Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) score of 1 or 2.
- The results suggest that lighter sedation (RASS-target -4) is linked to better neurological outcomes and 30-day survival rates compared to deeper sedation (RASS-target -5), indicating a need for further research in this area.
Exploring the potential of large language models for integration into an academic statistical consulting service-the EXPOLS study protocol.
PLoS One
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) like OpenAI's GPT and their increasing importance in fields such as science and medicine, yet highlights the need for evaluating their quality and effectiveness in statistical applications.
- The project's objective is to explore the utility and satisfaction of LLMs in statistical consulting by creating and assessing a training module, while identifying strengths and areas for improvement.
- The study employs a multimodal approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods across four parts to gather insights on using LLMs in consulting, evaluating training effectiveness, and understanding staff experiences and attitudes at the Medical Center and University of Freiburg.
Applying single-cell and single-nucleus genomics to studies of cellular heterogeneity and cell fate transitions in the nervous system.
Nat Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Single-cell and single-nucleus genomic techniques offer unbiased insights into cellular diversity and function, especially in the nervous system.
- The concept of a molecular cell atlas is explored, emphasizing how single-cell omics can help formulate hypotheses about cell changes during development and disease.
- Key considerations for study design, implementation, and awareness of potential limitations and challenges are discussed to improve research outcomes.
Etiology and therapy of pharyngeal perforations.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
December 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how diagnostic methods and treatments affect outcomes and survival rates in patients with pharyngeal perforations caused by medical procedures or trauma.
- A total of 36 patients were reviewed, with most being older adults (median age 73), and the majority had perforations located in the hypopharynx, which are associated with higher mortality risk.
- Results indicated that these patients had significantly higher risks of complications and mortality, especially linked to specific medical procedures like neurosurgery and transesophageal echocardiography.
Detection of phosphatidylethanol after ethanol intake with targeted blood alcohol concentrations of 0.6 g/kg and 0.75 g/kg.
Int J Legal Med
December 2024
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- Alcohol consumption poses significant health risks in western countries, and accurately detecting its use is crucial for medical and legal purposes.
- This study focused on Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a reliable biological marker for recent alcohol intake, aiming to identify the minimum amount of ethanol needed to generate a detectable PEth increase in blood.
- The findings showed that all participants demonstrated an increase in PEth levels after consuming alcohol, with 75% and 58% exceeding the threshold for abstinence after different blood alcohol concentrations, indicating PEth's potential usefulness in monitoring even moderate drinking.
Significant increase of firework induced eye injuries in Germany and The Netherlands- are we doing enough to protect minors and bystanders?
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
December 2024
Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- After a two-year ban on consumer fireworks due to the pandemic, their availability returned in Germany and the Netherlands for New Year's Eve 2022/23, resulting in a significant increase in firework-related eye injuries.
- In the Netherlands, there were 133 reported injuries, while Germany saw 838, with minors, particularly children under 12, being notably affected.
- Despite efforts in the Netherlands to reduce injuries through campaigns, the incidence in Germany rose sharply, highlighting the need for enhanced protective measures for both children and bystanders.
Information Mode-Dependent Success Rates of Obtaining German Medical Informatics Initiative-Compliant Broad Consent in the Emergency Department: Single-Center Prospective Observational Study.
JMIR Med Inform
December 2024
University Emergency Department, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The Broad Consent (BC) framework was created to guide patient consent for using medical data and biomaterials for research in compliance with GDPR, particularly focusing on emergency departments (EDs) with diverse patient demographics.
- The study aimed to analyze how successful different consent methods were in a German tertiary ED and to identify factors influencing consent and dropout rates among patients.
- In a study of 11,842 ED visits, researchers found that out of 151 eligible patients, 68 (45.0%) consented to BC, while 24 (15.9%) declined participation, indicating varying levels of acceptance based on the method of consent offered.
Development of an Open-Source Dataset of Flat-Mounted Images for the Murine Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Model of Ischemic Retinopathy.
Transl Vis Sci Technol
December 2024
Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The text describes an open-source dataset featuring flat-mounted retinal images and manual segmentations of blood vessels from mice subjected to the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model.
- The dataset includes 1170 images, with most sourced from OIR mice at postnatal day 17, and it aims to facilitate the development of AI applications for analyzing OIR.
- The dataset is publicly accessible online, providing valuable raw data for future research in big data and artificial intelligence related to retinal conditions.
Curricular Self-management for patients on ventricular assist device support decreases depression: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Artif Organs
December 2024
Heart and Diabetes Center North-Rhine Westphalia, University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Utilization of ventricular assist devices (VAD) for end-stage heart failure is advanced, but there's a need for evidence-based psychosocial support interventions post-implantation.
- A study in Germany involved 140 patients, randomly assigned to an intervention or control group, to evaluate the impact of a new VAD support curriculum on various health outcomes.
- Results indicated that while primary health complications were similar across both groups, the intervention significantly reduced depression in patients and showed improvements in anxiety, quality of life, social support, and self-management for those receiving the VAD intervention.
Interactors and effects of overexpressing YlxR/RnpM, a conserved RNA binding protein in cyanobacteria.
RNA Biol
January 2024
Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- * Analysis of protein interactions revealed that Ssr1238 binds mainly to RNase P RNA and its associated protein RnpA, as well as other transcripts linked to cell division and RNA maturation.
- * The findings suggest that Ssr1238 plays a crucial role in coordinating RNA processes and nitrogen metabolism, potentially expanding the known functions of similar proteins in cyanobacteria.
An acute microglial metabolic response controls metabolism and improves memory.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, United States.
Article Synopsis
- * Increased levels of palmitate from the HFD activate microglia, promoting changes in their metabolism that enhance energy production through aerobic glycolysis, observable within 12 hours of HFD exposure.
- * Microglia help process harmful fatty acids and provide protective metabolites to surrounding brain cells, showing that short-term high-fat intake can have unexpected positive effects on spatial learning and memory.