Interdisciplinary Management of Traumatic Injuries to the Kidneys and Urinary Tract Caused by Blunt Abdominopelvic Trauma.

Blunt abdominopelvic trauma frequently results in injuries to the urinary organs, especially in polytrauma. The urotrauma is rarely an acute life-threatening event; however, it may lead to severe complications. This review addresses the under-representation of urological trauma management in interdisciplinary medical training and its impact on patient outcomes.

Effect of Spectral Filtering and Segmental X-ray Tube Current Switch-Off on Interventionalist's Scatter Exposure during CT Fluoroscopy.

Dose optimization in computed tomography (CT) is crucial, especially in CT fluoroscopy (fluoro-CT) used for real-time navigation, affecting both patient and operator safety. This study evaluated the impact of spectral X-ray filtering using a tin filter (Sn filter), and a method called partial-angle computed tomography (PACT), which involves segmentally switching off the X-ray tube current at the ambient dose rate H˙*(10) at the interventional radiologist's (IR) position. Measurements were taken at two body regions (upper body: head/neck; lower body: lower legs/feet) using a 120 kV X-ray tube voltage, 3 × 5.

Assessing regional hepatic function changes after hypertrophy induction by radioembolisation: comparison of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and Tc-mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy.

Background: To compare Gd-ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Tc-labelled mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) as imaging-based liver function tests after unilateral radioembolisation (RE) in patients with primary or secondary liver malignancies.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with primary or secondary liver malignancies who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI within a prospective study (REVoluTion) were evaluated. REVoluTion was a prospective open-label, non-randomised, therapy-optimising study of patients undergoing right-sided or sequential RE for contralateral liver hypertrophy at a single centre in Germany.

Sublethal necroptosis signaling promotes inflammation and liver cancer.

It is currently not well known how necroptosis and necroptosis responses manifest in vivo. Here, we uncovered a molecular switch facilitating reprogramming between two alternative modes of necroptosis signaling in hepatocytes, fundamentally affecting immune responses and hepatocarcinogenesis. Concomitant necrosome and NF-κB activation in hepatocytes, which physiologically express low concentrations of receptor-interacting kinase 3 (RIPK3), did not lead to immediate cell death but forced them into a prolonged "sublethal" state with leaky membranes, functioning as secretory cells that released specific chemokines including CCL20 and MCP-1.

Bone Mineral Density Is a Predictor of Mortality in Female Patients with Cholangiocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Palliative Treatment.

Background: Cholangiocellular adenocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and aggressive malignancy originating from the bile ducts. Its general prognosis is poor as therapeutic options are limited. Many patients present with advanced stages of disease, and palliative chemotherapy remains the only treatment option.

Extrahepatic manifestations of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis syndromes: Presentation of a case series and literature review.

Background And Aims: Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a collective term for a heterogenous group of rare, inherited cholestasis syndromes. The number of genes underlying the clinical PFIC phenotype is still increasing. While progressive liver disease and its sequelae such as portal hypertension, pruritus and hepatocellular carcinoma determine transplant-free survival, extrahepatic manifestations may cause relevant morbidity.

Quantitative imaging of bone remodeling in patients with a unicompartmental joint unloading knee implant (ATLAS Knee System)-effect of metal artifacts on a SPECT-CT-based quantification.

Background: SPECT-CT using radiolabeled phosphonates is considered a standard for assessing bone metabolism (e.g., in patients with osteoarthritis of knee joints).

Time course and local distribution of skin exposure of hand and fingers from [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC synthesis using a self-shielded module.

Aim:  The study examined the local dose distribution as well as the time course of skin exposure of hand and fingers from [Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC synthesis using a self-shielded synthesis module.

Methods:  A compact calibrated electronic dosimeter (ED) with a miniaturized probe was used for real-time measurements of skin dose equivalent H (0.07) (reference point: left and right index finger).

The effect of renin angiotensin system genetic variants in acute pancreatitis.

Objectives: We sought association of genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and vitamin D system with acute pancreatitis (AP) development and severity.

Background: The endocrine RAS is involved in circulatory homeostasis through the pressor action of angiotensin II at its AT1 receptor. However, local RAS regulate growth and inflammation in diverse cells and tissues, and their activity may be suppressed by vitamin D.

Why does brain metabolism not favor burning of fatty acids to provide energy? Reflections on disadvantages of the use of free fatty acids as fuel for brain.

It is puzzling that hydrogen-rich fatty acids are used only poorly as fuel in the brain. The long-standing belief that a slow passage of fatty acids across the blood-brain barrier might be the reason. However, this has been corrected by experimental results.

Interval between port catheter flushing can be extended to four months.

Background: Little is known about proper interval periods between the flushings of totally implantable access ports after completion of chemotherapy. Manufacturer guidelines recommend flushing catheters every 4 weeks.

Methods: This retrospective study examined whether flushing less than every 4 weeks conferred any benefit.

Methotrexate monotherapy for high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia after therapy with etoposide, methotrexate, and dactinomycin: a case report.

We present a case of high-risk metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia treated successfully with methotrexate monotherapy after severe toxicity from the combination chemotherapy: etoposide, dactinomycin, methotrexate, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide.

Disrupted visceral feedback reduces locomotor activity and influences background contextual fear conditioning in C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice.

The present experiments were designed to study fear conditioning as an emotional learning task with disrupted visceral feedback. For that purpose we used the peripherally acting beta1-adrenoceptor blocker atenolol and studied its effects on the behavior of male C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice in an exploration-related test and during fear-conditioning. In the first experiment, we treated mice with saline or different doses of the beta1-adrenergic blocker atenolol (5mg/kg and 20mg/kg body weight i.

Ovarian cyst torsion and extreme ovarian stimulation in a premenopausal patient treated with tamoxifen for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Tamoxifen is increasingly used in adjuvant endocrine therapy for postsurgery breast cancer patients and in chemoprevention for high-risk patients. We present a case of bilateral ovarian cyst development with consecutive unilateral cyst torsion and elevated serum estradiol in a premenopausal patient treated with tamoxifen after breast-conserving surgery.

Effects of nicardipine, an antagonist of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, on kindling development, kindling-induced learning deficits and hippocampal potentiation phenomena.

Kindling is considered to be a useful experimental model for investigating drug effects on the convulsive component of epilepsy and related alterations at the behavioural level. It was demonstrated that pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled rats show diminished learning performance in shuttle-box training. We used this model to study the influence of nicardipine, an antagonist of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, on kindling seizure development as well as related learning impairments.

(S)-4C3HPG reduces infarct size after focal cerebral ischemia.

This study investigated whether the metabotropic glutamate receptor ligand (S)-4C3HPG can reduce brain damage after focal ischemia in rats. Application of 1 micromol of (S)-4C3HPG (intracerebroventricularly) 5 min after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery significantly reduced the infarct size by 72.3% of the saline control.