Diet, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 80 countries.

Aims: To develop a healthy diet score that is associated with health outcomes and is globally applicable using data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study and replicate it in five independent studies on a total of 245 000 people from 80 countries.

Methods And Results: A healthy diet score was developed in 147 642 people from the general population, from 21 countries in the PURE study, and the consistency of the associations of the score with events was examined in five large independent studies from 70 countries. The healthy diet score was developed based on six foods each of which has been associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality [i.

The liver-kidney axis: Is serum leptin a potential link in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated chronic kidney disease?

Background And Study Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous studies argued that leptin levels increase significantly with the progression of CKD. But the association between leptin and CKD has not been investigated in patients with NAFLD.

A novel combined index of D-dimer, fibrinogen, albumin, and platelet (FDAPR) as mortality predictor of COVID-19.

Background: In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARSCoV2 viruses, coagulation abnormalities are strongly correlated between disease severity and mortality risk.

Aims: The aim was to search for new indices to determine mortality risk. Fibrinogen times D-dimer to albumin times platelet ratio calculated with the formula (FDAPR index: ((Fibrinogen × D-dimer)/(Albumin × Platelet)) investigated as a mortality marker in COVID-19 patients.

Variations in the association of height with mortality, cardiovascular disease and cancer in low-, middle- and high-income countries.

Background: Final adult height is a useful proxy measure of childhood nutrition and disease burden. Tall stature has been previously associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality, decreased risk of major cardiovascular events and an increased risk of cancer. However, these associations have primarily been derived from people of European and East Asian backgrounds, and there are sparse data from other regions of the world.

Impact of social isolation on mortality and morbidity in 20 high-income, middle-income and low-income countries in five continents.

Objective: To examine the association between social isolation and mortality and incident diseases in middle-aged adults in urban and rural communities from high-income, middle-income and low-income countries.

Design: Population-based prospective observational study.

Setting: Urban and rural communities in 20 high income, middle income and low income.

Mortality and cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity in individuals with impaired FEV (PURE): an international, community-based cohort study.

Background: The associations between the extent of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) impairment and mortality, incident cardiovascular disease, and respiratory hospitalisations are unclear, and how these associations might vary across populations is unknown.

Methods: In this international, community-based cohort study, we prospectively enrolled adults aged 35-70 years who had no intention of moving residences for 4 years from rural and urban communities across 17 countries. A portable spirometer was used to assess FEV.

Clinical Features of Cancer Associated Ischemic Stroke.

Introduction: Cerebrovascular disease is the second most common cause of central nervous system involvement in cancer patients after metastases. Procoagulant substances secreted by tumour cells, cancer therapy, and embolus from tumour have been implicated in ischemic stroke (IS) in cancer patients.

Methods: Four thousand twenty patients with IS were prospectively recorded to the Istanbul Medical School Stroke Registry from August 1997 to May 2016.

A case of medication-resistant acanthamoeba keratitis treated by corneal crosslinking in Turkey.

Purpose. To report a case of medication-resistant acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) treated successfully by corneal crosslinking (CXL). Methods.

Effects of amniotic and maternal CD-146, TGF-β1, IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-γ, on adverse pregnancy outcome.

Objective: Our aim was to determine the effects of maternal serum and amniotic fluid levels of cluster of differentiation 146 (CD-146), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, interleukin (IL)-12, IL-18, and interferon (IFN)-γ on intrauterine growth restriction and preterm labor.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we included pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis at Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School. Women were followed up to labor.

[Sinonasal extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: a case report and review of recent developments in the management].

Nasal extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, which is a highly aggressive disease, is more frequently seen in Asia than in Western countries. No consensus has been reached on the management of the disease and the survival depends on the stage of the disease. Localized NK/T-cell lymphoma often responds to radiotherapy well.

[Top 50 articles from Turkey contributing to cardiovascular medicine].

Objectives: To determine and disclose publications from Turkey that have most contributed "genuinely" to cardiovascular medicine in the past 40 years.

Study Design: Based on data of Web of Science, 50 publications were identified, originating from Turkey's institutions and having received the greatest number of citations as of July 2011. Papers having more than a minor share by international authors were not considered.

Could complement C4 be an alternative to biopsy for chronic hepatitis B histopathologic findings?

Background: Hepatitis B leads to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer. Viral markers and other laboratory tests used in diagnosis and follow-up of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) do not correlate well with disease activity and liver histopathology. For this reason, alternative tests that indicate disease activity are needed.

Hypospadias in Istanbul: incidence and risk factors.

Background: The aim of the present prospective study was to determine the incidence of hypospadias in newborns in one of the busiest teaching hospitals of Istanbul, and to investigate the risk factors.

Methods: All live-born boys delivered between September 2007 and December 2008 were screened for hypospadias. A questionnaire was given to the parents of the hypospadias and control subjects for investigation.

Is alanine aminotransferase level a surrogate biomarker of hepatic apoptosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?

Aim: To evaluate the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) variabilities in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and correlate it with hepatocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress parameters.

Methods: 24 patients with NAFLD and normal ALT were compared with 26 subjects with NAFLD and elevated ALT. Liver oxidative stress was estimated on the basis of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione.

[Atorvastatin in secondary prevention].

During the 10 years of atorvastatin availability in the Turkish market, the physicians have had the opportunity to observe the accumulation of data related to its beneficial effect on clinical endpoints. The scope of this review is limited to the trials concerning the role of atorvastatin in secondary prevention. In GREACE and ALLIANCE studies, the benefit of atorvastatin was demonstrated in patients with coronary heart disease in real-world setting.

[Comparison of analgesic activity of intraarticular lornoxicam, bupivacaine and saline after knee arthroscopy].

Postoperative pain is an important parameter in discharge and rehabilitation in daycase arthroscopic knee surgery. This study compared the efficacy of intraarticular application of lornoxicam, bupivacaine and placebo on postoperative pain after arthroscopic knee surgery. With the approval of the local ethics committee and informed consent of the patients, 90 patients (ASA score I-II), aged between 18-65 years undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy were included in this randomized, blinded, prospective study and were divided into three groups (30 patients each): 8 mg lornoxicam was applied to Group L (GL), 50 mg bupivacaine to Group B (GB) and normal saline to Group S (GS) in 20 mL volume intraarticularly.

The efficacy of preemptive ketamine and ropivacaine in pediatric patients: a placebo controlled, double-blind.

Objective: We have evaluated and compared the preemptive efficacy of intravenous ketamine with placebo and caudal ropivacaine in pediatric patients going under elective hernia repair.

Methods: 60 ASAI-II pediatric patients ages between 1-12. The patients were divided into 3 groups randomly.

Chemonucleolysis in low back pain.

Low back pain caused by an internally disrupted disc is a universal unresolved problem. Many treatment options have been tried and many are in development, but few have satisfactory long-term results. Although the most often used excuse for inconsistent results is poor patient selection and the lack of objective evaluation parameters, the diagnosis is often elusive and definitive selection criteria for any specific treatment modality is usually unproven.

[The relationship between aspirin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in patients with stable coronary artery disease].

Objectives: Endothelial dysfunction may enhance platelet aggregation despite regular aspirin therapy. We investigated the relationship between aspirin-resistant platelet aggregation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

Study Design: The study included 98 patients (60 males, 38 females; mean age 62+/-8 years) receiving medical treatment for stable coronary artery disease.

[Turkish Adult Risk Factor Survey 2007: decline in all-cause and coronary mortality continues].

Objectives: We analyzed all-cause and coronary mortality as well as incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among the participants of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor Study, who resided essentially in the Marmara and Central Anatolia regions and were surveyed in the summer of 2007.

Study Design: Information on the mode of death was obtained from first-degree relatives and/or health personnel of the local health office. Most of the participants who were alive underwent physical examination and 12-lead electrocardiography.

Serum asymmetric dimethylarginine levels among Turks: association with metabolic syndrome in women and tendency to decrease in smokers.

Objectives: We investigated serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels and their association with smoking, metabolic syndrome (MS), and coronary heart disease (CHD) among Turkish adults.

Study Design: Serum ADMA concentrations were measured in a cross-sectional study by a validated ELISA kit in a random sample of 464 Turkish adults (222 men, 242 women; mean age 55+/-11 years; range 34-89). Metabolic syndrome was identified by the criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel-III modified for male abdominal obesity.

Clinical, biochemical and histological correlations in a group of non-drinker subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

The correlation between biochemistry, imaging-studies and histology is a matter of controversy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the major pathophysiology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is still unknown. We aimed to perform a comparative analysis between clinical, biochemical and histological variables of NAFLD. One-hundred and five NAFLD patients (F/M: 51/54), were studied, all with no-alcohol intake.