Identification of Use Cases, Target Groups, and Motivations Around Adopting Smart Speakers for Health Care and Social Care Settings: Scoping Review.

Background: Conversational agents (CAs) are finding increasing application in health and social care, not least due to their growing use in the home. Recent developments in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing have enabled a variety of new uses for CAs. One type of CA that has received increasing attention recently is smart speakers.

Influence of Partnership Relationships on Long-Term Neurological Rehabilitation in Germany: Protocol for a Qualitative Retrospective Study.

Background: Acquired neurological diseases entail significant changes and influence the relationship between a patient and their significant other. In the context of long-term rehabilitation, those affected collaborate with health care professionals who are expected to have a positive impact on the lives of the affected individuals.

Objective: This study aims to examine the changes in the relationship between the patient and their loved ones due to acquired neurological disorders and the influence of health care professionals on this relationship.

Identification of differentially expressed non-coding RNAs in the plasma of women with preterm birth.

This study aimed to identify differentially expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) associated with preterm birth (PTB) and determine biological pathways being influenced in the context of PTB. We processed cell-free RNA sequencing data and identified seventeen differentially expressed (DE) ncRNAs that could be involved in the onset of PTB. Per the validation via customized RT-qPCR, the recorded variations in expressions of eleven ncRNAs were concordant with the analyses.

Global Prevalence of Sexual Violence Against Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Sexual violence against children is a global concern, yet worldwide figures of its prevalence are scant.

Objective: To estimate the global prevalence of sexual violence against children using national-level population-based studies.

Data Sources: We searched the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC, and APA PsycArticles databases from their respective inceptions to March 2022.

Aqueous Leaf Extract of Protects Against Gentamicin-Induced Kidney Injury via Decreases in Renal Function, Inflammation, and Apoptosis Markers.

The effect of the aqueous extract of (AAI) on gentamicin (GEN)-induced kidney injury was investigated. The study involves 20 adult male Wistar rats (housed in four separate plastic cages) such that graded dosages of AAI were administered to the experimental group for 14 days per oral (PO) before exposure to GEN toxicity (100 mg/kg) for 1 week. At the end of the study, comparisons of some markers of renal functions, antioxidant status, and inflammatory and apoptotic markers were made between the control, GEN, and AAI-pretreated groups at < .

Real-World Evaluation of i-gel Introduction on Intraoperative Airway-Related Safety Events: A Retrospective Cohort Study From a New England Hospital Network.

Background: Several health care networks have fully adopted second-generation supraglottic airway (SGA) i-gel. Real-world evidence of enhanced patient safety after such practice change is lacking. We hypothesized that the implementation of i-gel compared to the previous LMA®-Unique™ would be associated with a lower risk of airway-related safety events.

Elevating Dermatology Beyond Aesthetics: Perinatal-Derived Advancements for Rejuvenation, Alopecia Strategies, Scar Therapies, and Progressive Wound Healing.

Dermatologists have been interested in recent advancements in regenerative therapy. Current research is actively investigating the possibility of placental tissue derivatives to decelerate the skin aging process, enhance skin regeneration, reduce scarring, and prevent hair loss. Amniotic membranes (AM) play a crucial role in regenerative medicine as they serve as a suitable means of transporting stem cells, growth hormones, cytokines, and other essential compounds.

The effect of LARP7 on gene expression during osteogenesis.

Background: La-related protein 7 (LARP7) is a key regulator of RNA metabolism and is thought to play a role in various cellular processes. LARP7 gene autosomal recessive mutations are the cause of Alazami syndrome, which presents with skeletal abnormalities, intellectual disabilities, and facial dysmorphisms. This study aimed to determine the role of LARP7 in modulating gene expression dynamics during osteogenesis.

Prediction of treatment efficacy in psoriasis vulgaris using dermoscopic and capillaroscopic findings: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting millions worldwide. Dermoscopy and proximal nailfold capillaroscopy have emerged as valuable tools for understanding the pathophysiology and treatment response of psoriasis lesions.

Objectives: This study aimed to contribute to the limited literature on using dermoscopic findings to detect treatment effectiveness in patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

Comparative study between fractional laser assisted drug delivery of botulinum toxin versus botulinum toxin injection in primary palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis.

Palmar hyperhidrosis is common condition that is challenging to treat. Nonsurgical treatments include topical antiperspirants, iontophoresis, anticholinergic drugs and botulinum toxin injections. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ablative fractional laser therapy, combined with topically applied botulinum toxin versus its injection for the treatment of hyperhidrosis.

Protective effect of quercetin loaded on bifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilica against damage induced by irradiation on the male reproductive system.

Preserving fertility is important in men under radiation therapy because healthy cells are also affected by radiation. Supplementation with antioxidants is a controversial issue in this process. Designing a biocompatible delivery system containing hydrophobic antioxidants to release control may solve these disagreements.

First year of in-house forensic neuropathology consultations in Helsinki, Finland.

In July 2023, an in-house forensic neuropathology consultation pilot was established at the Helsinki office of the Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. This offered an alternative to the previous practice of full outsourcing to a hospital neuropathology department. This paper aims to introduce the first year experiences of the pilot.

The interaction of structured data using openEHR and large Language models for clinical decision support in prostate cancer.

Background: Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) are essential for cancer care but are resource-intensive. Decision-making processes within MDTs, while critical, contribute to increased healthcare costs due to the need for specialist time and coordination. The recent emergence of large language models (LLMs) offers the potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of clinical decision-making processes, potentially reducing costs associated with traditional MDT models.

ATXN2 polyglutamine intermediate repeats length expansions in Malaysian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Intermediate CAG repeats from 29 to 33 in the ATXN2 gene contributes to the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in European and Asian populations. In this study, 148 ALS patients of multiethnic descent: Chinese (56.1%), Malay (24.

A nationwide registry-based cohort study of the association between childhood dental caries and gingivitis with type 2 diabetes in adulthood.

Background: Evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between oral health status and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adults. Studies on associations between childhood oral health and T2D in adulthood are lacking.

Methods: This is a nationwide Danish registry-based cohort study of individuals born between 1963 and 1972, having at least one registration in the National Child Odontology Registry between 1972 and 1987 (n = 627,758).

Off-Label Use of Anakinra in Inflammatory Conditions in Neonates and Infants Up to 3 Months of Age: A Case Series and a Review of the Literature.

Background: Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Since IL-1 has been shown to play a key role in the etiology of different autoinflammatory diseases, blocking its pathway has become an important therapeutic target, even in neonates.

Aims: We aimed to report our experience in using anakinra to treat specific neonatal inflammatory conditions.

Importance of early use of tolvaptan in hyponatremic acutely decompensated heart failure patients, a retrospective study.

Background: Hyponatremia is one of the complicating findings in acute decompensated heart failure. Decrease in cardiac output and systemic blood pressure triggers activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, antidiuretic hormone, and norepinephrine due to the perceived hypovolemia. Fluid-overloaded heart failure patients are commonly treated with loop diuretics, acutely decompensated heart failure patients tend to be less responsive to conventional oral doses of a loop diuretic, while other different diuretics could work in different part of nephron circulation system.

Assessment of hard tissue changes after horizontal guided bone regeneration with the aid of deep learning CBCT segmentation.

Objectives: To investigate the performance of a deep learning (DL) model for segmenting cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans taken before and after mandibular horizontal guided bone regeneration (GBR) to evaluate hard tissue changes.

Materials And Methods: The proposed SegResNet-based DL model was trained on 70 CBCT scans. It was tested on 10 pairs of pre- and post-operative CBCT scans of patients who underwent mandibular horizontal GBR.

Evaluation of a content-based image retrieval system for radiologists in high-resolution CT of interstitial lung diseases.

Background: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the impact of a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) application on diagnostic accuracy and confidence in interstitial lung disease (ILD) assessment using high-resolution computed tomography CT (HRCT).

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with verified pattern-based ILD diagnoses were split into two equal datasets (1 and 2). The images were assessed by two radiology residents (3rd and 5th year) and one expert radiologist in four sessions.

Effects of Food Processing on Allergenicity.

Purpose Of Review: There is an increasing awareness among clinicians that industrial and household food processing methods can increase or decrease the allergenicity of foods. Modification to allergen properties through processing can enable dietary liberations. Reduced allergenicity may also allow for lower risk immunotherapy approaches.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay coupled with lateral flow dipstick for the rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from dogs.

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a global animal pathogen. Traditional identification methods are time-consuming necessitating a more efficient approach. This study validated and enhanced the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique by integration it with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) assay for the detection of S.

Exploring Tetraselmis chui microbiomes-functional metagenomics for novel catalases and superoxide dismutases.

The focus on microalgae for applications in several fields, e.g. resources for biofuel, the food industry, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare, has gained increasing attention over the last decades.

PARADIGM-PV: a randomized, multicenter phase 4 study to assess the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with low- or high-risk polycythemia vera.

Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by clonal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells with constitutively active somatic mutation(s) in the Janus kinase 2 gene. Phlebotomy (Phl) and aspirin are often used alone for low-risk PV patients. However, data from the Low-PV study demonstrated that Phl and aspirin may not be adequate for patients.

Unveiling the ghost: machine learning's impact on the landscape of virology.

The complexity and speed of evolution in viruses with RNA genomes makes predictive identification of variants with epidemic or pandemic potential challenging. In recent years, machine learning has become an increasingly capable technology for addressing this challenge, as advances in methods and computational power have dramatically improved the performance of models and led to their widespread adoption across industries and disciplines. Nascent applications of machine learning technology to virus research have now expanded, providing new tools for handling large-scale datasets and leading to a reshaping of existing workflows for phenotype prediction, phylogenetic analysis, drug discovery and more.

Quality of guidelines for hyperthyroidism: systematic quality assessment using the AGREE II tool.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically assess the quality of different guidelines for the management of patients with hyperthyroidism and to explore and analyze the recommendations and key evidence in different guidelines.

Methods: A systematic search of databases and websites was conducted to identify treatment guidelines for hyperthyroidism. The quality of the included guidelines was assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool.