attacks humans. Mind the gap!

is a haematophagous ectoparasite primarily known as a pest of domestic and wild birds. It occasionally feeds on a range of mammals, and, more importantly, is of growing concern in human medicine. This review highlights mite attacks on people working with poultry, and updates the increasing incidence of dermanyssosis in urban environments in Europe.

The impact of CYP21A2 (P30L/I172N) genotype on female fertility in one family.

Background: The simple virilizing (SV) form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder usually caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency due to I172N missense mutation at the CYP21A2 gene. Clinical presentation encompasses virilization of external genitalia in newborn females and pseudoprecocious puberty in both sexes, due to reactive androgen overproduction. The aim of this study was to present two sisters with an SV form of CAH and distinctive genotype, detected and treated since childhood with a poor compliance and poor metabolic control hindering the fertility.

Fracture Localisation of Porcelain Veneers with Different Preparation Designs.

Background: Porcelain veneers are permanent restorations that combine good aesthetic with functionality by minimal destructive techniques.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the influence of the preparation designs on the fracture localisation.

Material And Methods: Three preparation designs of porcelain veneers fabricated by a method of laying on a fireproof abutment on maxillary central incisor were examined in this in vitro study-feather preparation, bevel preparation and incisal overlap - palatal chamfer.

Facing of Family Doctor with Hantavirus Infection.

Background: Hantavirus infection is manifested as an urgent, severe and life-threatening disease caused by Hantavirus. The virus affects human endothelial cells. The natural reservoir of the Hantaviruses is chronically infected rodents.

Clinical Importance of Low Level of PAPP-A in First Trimester of Pregnancy - An Obstetrical Dilemma in Chromosomally Normal Fetus.

Background: A variety of recent evidence exists about the clinical implication of low level of Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in pregnancy. This glycoprotein is a protease, which releases the Insulin-like growth factor from IGFBP 4. Its role is a trophoblastic invasion of decidua, stimulation of cell mitosis and differentiation.

ADIPONECTIN AS A SERUM MARKER OF ADIPOSE TISSUE DYSFUNCTION IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: CORRELATION WITH INDICATORS OF METABOLIC DISTURBANCES.

Unlabelled: Adipose tissue is a major store of energy for the human body. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients are more prone to abnormal production of some regulatory proteins secreted from the adipose tissue. This study aims to investigate serum levels of adiponectin and their correlation with metabolic and endocrine indices in PCOS.

The Association between Asthma and Obesity in Children - Inflammatory and Mechanical Factors.

Background: Association of asthma and obesity has been demonstrated in numerous epidemiological studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of the association are not well understood. Both conditions are characterised by chronic tissue inflammation, which includes numerous different inflammatory markers, and possible atopy.

Hypertension after Kidney Transplantation: Clinical Significance and Therapeutical Aspects.

Most of the kidney transplanted patients develop arterial hypertension after renal transplantation. Together with very well-known and usual risk factors, post-transplant hypertension contributes to the whole cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the kidney transplant population. The reasons of post-transplant hypertension are factors related to donors and recipients, immunosuppressive therapy like Calcineurin Inhibitors (CNI) and surgery procedures (stenosis and kinking of the renal artery and ureteral obstruction).

Therapeutic challenges in a patient with the simple virilizing (SV) form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to the P30L/I172N genotype.

Background Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder, present in 90-95% of all cases with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The classical simple virilizing (SV) form of the disease causes virilization of the external genitalia in newborn females and pseudo-precocious puberty in both sexes, due to reactive androgen overproduction. Case presentation We describe a 3.

Complications and Risks of Percutaneous Renal Biopsy.

Background: Renal biopsy performed in native and transplant kidneys is generally considered a safe procedure.

Aim: In this study, we evaluated renal biopsy complications and risk factors in one nephrology facility.

Material And Methods: We conducted a three-year retrospective study on patients who underwent renal biopsy between January 2014 and December 2016.

Comorbidities as Risk Factors for Acute and Recurrent Erysipelas.

Background: Erysipelas is a common infectious skin disease. A typical feature of erysipelas, especially on the lower limbs, is the tendency to reoccur and the study aimed to define the comorbidities associated with it.

Aim: We aimed to investigate systemic and local comorbidities in patients diagnosed with erysipelas on the lower limbs.

Clinical Presentation and Laboratory Characteristics in Acute and Recurrent Erysipelas.

Aim: Typical feature of erysipelas, especially on the lower limbs, is the tendency to reoccur. The study aimed to identify clinical and laboratory characteristics of acute and recurrent erysipelas.

Material And Methods: We prospectively included patients diagnosed with erysipelas on the lower limbs in the period from January 2016 to December 2017.

Evaluation of Genotype and Vascular Risk Factors As Prognostic and Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease and Their Influence On Age of Symptoms Onset.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is evolving to become a threatening epidemy of the 21 century. Only 21% of the predicted number of AD patients in Macedonia have been diagnosed and treated, which means that almost 80% are underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Apolipoprotein E gene () is recognised as the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic AD.

Evaluation of Pain Following the Use of Scalpel Versus Electrosurgery for Skin Incisions in the Facial Regions.

Introduction: Postoperative pain presents a significant medical problem. It can create a considerable discomfort in the immediate postoperative period and thus increase patient's morbidity. Multiple mechanisms are involved in its' etiology, one of them being the method of tissue incision.

Intrapartum Procedures for Prevention of Infections and Complications in Mothers During Childbirth.

Introduction: Multiple factors can cause infection and other pathological conditions in mothers during childbirth. These risk factors and diseases/complications can be prevented or timely detected through the implementation of special protocols/procedures. The aim of this paper is to identify the implementation of procedures/measures for the prevention and detection of infections and risk factors for morbidity and mortality in four hospitals in the Republic of Macedonia, before and during childbirth.

The changing pattern of fever of unknown origin in the Republic of North Macedonia.

Introduction: The study aimed to compare the etiologic spectrum of diseases causing fever of unknown origin (FUO) and methods for definitive diagnosis in a tertiary care hospital in the Republic of North Macedonia during two different time periods.

Patients And Methods: There were analysed retrospectively the causes for FUO and final diagnostic approaches in 185 patients with classic FUO that were treated at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Skopje during two time periods. Seventy nine patients were treated during 1991 to 1995 and 106 patients during 2011 to 2015.

"Transforming the Beast to A Beauty"- Fifteen Years into the Making - Case Report of Congenital Neurofibromatosis.

Background: In 1882, the German pathologist Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen described a series of patients with a combination of cutaneous lesions and tumours of the peripheral and central nervous system. Succeeding this paper, all of the patients with similar symptoms were given the diagnosis "von Recklinghausen disease". In the 20th century, a distinction was made between Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) with the help of molecular testing.

Vitamin E supplementation in chronically hemodialyzed patients - influence on blood hemoglobin and plasma (anti)oxidant status.

Disturbed oxidant/antioxidant status is involved in pathogenesis of anemia in end stage renal disease. There is evidence that vitamin E supplementation can increase blood hemoglobin in chronically hemodialyzed patients. However, the interindividual variation in response to the supplementation has not been fully addressed.

L-type Ca channels' involvement in IFN-γ-induced signaling in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) on calcium movement in rat ventricular myocytes. L-type Ca currents (I) were recorded with the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp techniques. IFN-γ induces current density reduction at the test potential of 0 mV by 47.

Assessment of Density of Neovascularization in Lower Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Relation To Neoplasm Differentiation Grade in Patients with and without Neck Lymph Nodes Metastasis.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lower lip is a relatively rare carcinoma, with the incidence of 1 to 2%, but it is the most common carcinoma in the oral cavity accounting for 25-30% of all malignant oral tumours.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the role of neovascularisation in the process of tumour progression.

Methods: We analysed the surgical specimens obtained from 60 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lower lip.

Acupuncture Treatment after Shoulder Arthroscopy after Recurrent Dislocations.

Background: The shoulder has the greatest range of motion of the entire joint in the body. Therefore it accounts for almost 50% of all joint dislocations. Most commonly, the dislocation is anterior and may occur because of trauma.

Gene Alterations in Children Born Small for Gestitional Age (SGA).

Background: Small for gestational age (SGA)-born children are a heterogeneous group with few genetic causes reported. Genetic alterations in the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) are found in some SGA children.

Aim: To investigate whether alterations in gene are present in SGA born children.