Properties of Compounds Citral and Geraniol on : Activity in Vitro and Cytotoxicity.

Background: Avian trichomoniasis is an important disease that causes bird mortality, both wild and captive, around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antiparasitic activity of citral (3.7-Dimetil-2.

Prevalence and Transmission Cycle of Avian Pathogens in the Isolated Oceanic Islands of Japan.

Avian haemosporidian parasites and avian pox virus (APV) are well-known pathogens for their impact on avian populations, especially in oceanic islands where introduced pathogens show strong virulence for endemic and naïve birds. The Bonin Islands are a group of oceanic islands 1000 km south of Tokyo. Like the Hawaiian Islands, there are many endemic and endangered species as well as introduced species, which have greatly affected the native avian fauna.

[Rose roxburghii polysaccharide-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer DU145 cells by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and antioxidant effects].

Based on the signaling pathway of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), pathway-related phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX), the mechanism of Rose roxburghii polysaccharides in inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer DU145 cells was explored, as well as the antioxidant activity of R. roxburghii polysaccharides. Prostate cancer DU145 cells were treated with different concentrations of R.

(ragweed) pollen - A growing aeroallergen of concern in South Africa.

Background: Ragweed is an invasive, highly allergenic weed predicted to expand its habitat with warming global temperatures. Several species have been identified in South Africa for well over a century; however, its presence remained undetected by allergists and aerobiologists until the development of an extensive aerospora monitoring system across South African urban areas since 2019. This paper presents the inventory of preliminary investigation of the airborne pollen and the taxonomic identification of ragweed species.

Plasmodium falciparum with pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions in asymptomatic malaria infections in the Lake Victoria region, Kenya.

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting the Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) are widely used to diagnose P. falciparum infection. However, reports of P.

The effect of novel mosquito bite prevention tools on Anopheles minimus landing and key secondary endpoints: semi-field evaluations in Thailand.

Background: The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) aims to eliminate all human malaria by 2030 and is making substantial progress toward this goal, with malaria increasingly confined to forest foci. These transmission foci are predominantly inhabited by ethnic minorities, local populations, and rural mobile and migrant populations working in mining and agriculture. The recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) on malaria elimination states that small population groups which constitute a large proportion of the malaria transmission reservoir should benefit from targeted strategies to reduce transmission overall.

The concentration of selected organophosphorus pesticides associated with PM10 in agricultural ambient air in Iran: Health risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulation.

Organophosphate pesticides, widely utilized for pest management globally, are associated with various adverse health effects upon exposure. This study aimed to investigate the presence of organophosphate pesticides in particulate matter (PM10) and evaluate the potential risks to human health using both deterministic and probabilistic approaches in urban and suburban areas of Yasuj City, Iran. A total of 32 air samples were collected during the study period.

Characterization and expression analysis of heat shock proteins HfHspc1 and HfHspc4 in Haemaphysalis flava ticks.

In this study, the cDNAs of heat shock cognate 90 protein 1 (HfHspc1) and heat shock cognate 90 protein 4 (HfHspc4) from Haemaphysalis flava (Acari: Ixodidae) were obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) approach, and the expression patterns of HfHspc1 and HfHspc4 in different developmental stages, engorgement stages and tick organs were analyzed by qPCR. The full length of HfHspc1 was 2411 bp, and its open reading frame (ORF) was 2196 bp, encoding a protein of 732 aa, containing five HSPC family signatures, with MEEVD motif at its extreme C-terminal. The full length of HfHspc4 was 2800 bp, and its ORF was 2364 bp, encoding a protein of 789 aa, containing a signal peptide and five family signatures, with HEEL motif at its extreme C-terminal.

The Professional Identity of STEM Faculty as Instructors of Course-based Research Experiences.

The professional identity of scientists has historically been cultivated to value research over teaching, which can undermine initiatives that aim to reform science education. Course-Based Research Experiences (CRE) and the inclusive Research and Education Communities (iREC) are two successful and impactful reform efforts that integrate research and teaching. The aim of this study is to explicate the professional identity of instructors who implement a CRE within an established iREC and to explore how this identity contributes to the success of these programs.

Analysis of lethal and sublethal doses: Comparative toxicity of three commonly used pesticides on , an important allergen and vector of pathogens.

The study investigates the comparative toxicity of three widely used insecticides-fenitrothion, malathion, and deltamethrin-on , a major urban pest. Using bioassay tests based on World Health Organization (WHO) protocols, we determined the lethal doses 50 (LD) for each insecticide. 2.

Rethinking village malaria workers in Cambodia: Perspectives from the communities, programme managers, and international stakeholders.

Since the early 2000s, malaria cases in Cambodia have declined steadily. Village malaria workers (VMWs) have played a critical role in reducing malaria transmission and progress towards malaria elimination. To prevent malaria re-establishment, however, implementation strategies need to consider carefully the changing healthcare needs in the communities as well as challenges to, and opportunities for, programme adaptation.

AEDEOMYIA SQUAMIPENNIS: A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES RECORD FOR COLLIER COUNTY, FLORIDA, USA.

On November 7, 2023, 3 female specimens of Aedeomyia squamipennis were captured in Collier County, Florida, for the first time during routine adult mosquito surveillance in Collier Seminole State Park. This species was first found in the USA in Miami-Dade County in 2016 and has since expanded into multiple counties throughout South Florida. The presence of Ad.

Description of mitochondrial genomes and phylogenetic analysis of Megophthalminae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae).

To elucidate phylogenetic relationships within the leafhopper's subfamily Megophthalminae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), mitogenomes of 12 species of the subfamily were sequenced and assembled. These were added to the mitogenomes of the eight other species that are currently available. Mitogenome size ranged from 15,193 bp in Onukigallia onukii (Matsumura, 1912) to 15,986 bp in Multinervis guangxiensis (Li and Li, 2013), they all contained 37 genes, and gene order was similar to that in other leafhoppers.

A revision of the Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887) species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Thailand.

The Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887) species group in Thailand is reviewed. Among them, five species are recognized, including two newly described species, Carebara adisaki Wimolsuthikul & Jaitrong, sp. nov.

A photographic key to the adult female biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides) of Florida, USA.

The biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides) are a diverse group of blood-feeding flies that includes numerous pest and vector species. Major gaps exist in our knowledge of the biology and ecology of the majority of Culicoides spp., due in part to a lack of keys for identifying the biting midges of a given region.

Diagnostic value of urinary and serum IgG antibodies in evaluating drug treatment response in strongyloidiasis assessed by fecal examination and digital droplet PCR.

Detection of Strogyloides-specific IgG antibodies in urine and serum has been used in diagnostic and epidemiological studies on strongyloidiasis. However, the usefulness of these assays in assessing responses to anthelmintic treatment is unclear. Thus, we evaluated the diagnostic performance and temporal profiles of Strongyloides-specific IgG antibodies in a cohort of participants at baseline and post-treatment.

Evaluating the specificity of flavivirus proteases in Aedes aegypti cells for dengue virus 2-derived cleavage sites.

Flaviviruses are a diverse group of RNA viruses known for their significant impact on human health worldwide. We generated a series of reporters that included cleavage sequences from the dengue virus type 2 polyprotein and co-transfected with plasmids encoding various flavivirus proteases into Aedes aegypti cells, followed by fluorescent imaging and western blot analysis for the determination of proteolytic cleavage. Recombinant flavivirus NS2B3 proteases from medically significant and insect-specific flaviviruses were able to process reporters encoding cleavage sequences from the dengue virus type 2 polyprotein in vitro including proteases from dengue virus types 1-4, Zika virus, yellow fever virus, Aedes flavivirus, and cell-fusing agent virus.

Assessing the direct and spillover protective effectiveness of Wolbachia-mediated introgression to combat dengue.

Background: Dengue remains a global health challenge with limited treatment options, highlighting the need for effective vector control strategies. The introduction of Wolbachia pipientis into Aedes aegypti populations has shown success in reducing dengue transmission across global field trials. However, the spillover effectiveness of the technology on untreated areas is not well-known.

Dynamics of West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spread in the Balkans in the Context of Global Spatio-Temporal Dispersal.

West Nile Virus (WNV) is considered one of the most widely distributed arboviruses worldwide. In 2018, Serbia was among the European countries reporting the highest number of WNV cases. This study aimed to characterize WNV strains circulating in Serbia, and to estimate the pathways and dynamics of WNV-2 spread in the Balkans and globally through the phylogenetic approach.

Expression pattern of ARG1 and iNOS genes in macrophages of Rhombomys opimus, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice exposed to Leishmania major and salivary gland homogenates of Phlebotomus papatasi.

Early interactions between Leishmania-macrophages (MQ) of host and effect of sand fly saliva are central to leishmaniasis outcome. Macrophages are able to kill or act as long-term hosts of parasite depending on host immunity. It proved that immunogenic proteins in sand fly saliva mostly have an exacerbating effect on leishmaniasis by up-regulating cytokines.