Effect of Epidural Volume Extension Using Low-Dose Sufentanil Combined with Low-Concentration Ropivacaine on Visceral Pain During Cesarean Sections: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Visceral pain is common in cesarean sections conducted under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSE). Epidural volume extension (EVE) is a technique for enhancing the effect of intrathecal blocks by inducing epidural fluid boluses in the CSE. Whether EVE that uses different drugs can reduce visceral pain during cesarean sections is rarely studied.

Quercetin regulates pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension by downregulating TGF-β1-Smad2/3 pathway.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a worldwide challenging disease characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary artery pressure. The proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation of pulmonary smooth muscle cells are the key steps of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Quercetin (3,3', 4', 5, 6-pentahydroxyflavone, Que) is a natural flavonol compound that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other biological activities.

CD36-mediated ROS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway exacerbates cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice after noise exposure.

There is an association between noise exposure and cognitive impairment, and noise may have a more severe impact on patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment; however, the mechanisms need further investigation. This study used the classic AD animal model APP/PS1 mice to simulate the AD population, and C57BL/6J mice to simulate the normal population. We compared their cognitive abilities after noise exposure, analyzed changes in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) between the two types of mice using transcriptomics, identified the differential CD molecule: CD36 in APP/PS1 after noise exposure, and used its pharmacological inhibitor to intervene to explore the mechanism by which CD36 affects APP/PS1 cognitive abilities.

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress exacerbates mitochondrial apoptosis damage to cochlear stria vascularis pericytes via the ROS-mediated Bcl-2/CytC/AIF pathway.

Objectives: Diabetes is closely linked to hearing loss, yet the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Cochlear stria vascularis and pericytes (PCs) are crucial for hearing. This study investigates whether high glucose induces apoptosis in the cochlear stria vascularis and pericytes via elevated ROS levels due to oxidative stress, impacting hearing loss.

Pharmacokinetics and apparent Michaelis constant for metabolite conversion of sorafenib in healthy and hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing rats.

Investigation of the pharmacokinetics of sorafenib (SRF) in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A reproducible ultra-HPLC-MS method for simultaneous determination of serum SRF, -hydroxymethyl sorafenib and -demethylation sorafenib. Both the maximum serum concentrations (2.

The effects of noise exposure on hippocampal cognition in C57BL/6 mice via transcriptomics.

Background: Noise is an important environmental stressor in the industrialized world and has received increasing attention in recent years. Although epidemiological research has extensively demonstrated the relationship between noise and cognitive impairment, the specific molecular mechanisms and targets remain to be fully explored and understood.

Methods: To address this issue, 5-month-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups, with one group exposed to white noise at 98 dB.

Amino acids analysis reveals serum methionine contributes to diagnosis of the Kawasaki disease in mice and children.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) patients often lack early and definitive diagnosis due to insufficient clinical criteria, whereas biomarkers might accelerate the diagnostic process and treatment.

Methods: The KD mouse models were established and thirteen amino acids were determined. A total of 551 serum samples were collected including KD patients (n = 134), HCs (n = 223) and KD patients after intravascular immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG, n = 194).

PGC-1α affects cochlear pericytes migration in noise-exposed mice.

Objective: The study aimed to observe the effects of noise exposure on the pericytes of the cochlear stria vascularis (SV) in mice and to investigate its molecular mechanism.

Method: Male C57BL/6J mice aged 6-8 weeks were used as the subjects. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) was used to assess hearing loss.

Noise exposure increase apoptosis in the hippocampus of AD mice through the upregulation of CTSS.

In recent years, it has become an acknowledged fact that noise exposure can lead to cognitive impairments, and researchers have shown increasing interest in this area. However, the detrimental impact of noise exposure on Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models might be considerably greater than on ordinary model mice, yet the mechanisms by which noise exposure affects the hippocampus in these models have been scarcely investigated. This study we used 4D Label-free proteomics to identify distinctive differentially expressed proteins in the hippocampus of AD model mice following noise exposure.

Effect of Artificial Liver Support Systems on Gut Microbiota in Patients with HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a rare and severe form of end-stage liver disease with high mortality; gut microbes are strongly associated with the development of this severe liver disease but the exact association is unclear. Artificial liver support systems (ALSS) are clinically important in prolonging the waiting time for liver transplantation and in aiding drug therapy to achieve remission. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ALSS on the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the gut of HBV-ACLF patients.

Differences in the pharmacokinetics and steady-state blood concentrations of orally administered lenvatinib in adult and juvenile rats.

The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics and steady-state serum concentrations of lenvatinib in adult and juvenile rats. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method was developed to quantify lenvatinib in the serum and liver of rats. Six juvenile and six adult rats in each group were orally administered with a single dose of 7.

The hepatoprotective effect of aspirin on carbon tetrachloride‑induced hepatic fibrosis via inhibition of TGFβ‑1 pathway and pro‑inflammatory cytokines IL‑1β and COX‑2 in rats.

Aspirin decreases liver fibrosis index and inflammation levels. However, the exact mechanism underlying the effects of aspirin are yet to be elucidated. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential protective effects of aspirin on carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced hepatic fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Identification of potential serum biomarkers for congenital heart disease children with pulmonary arterial hypertension by metabonomics.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a common complication in patients with congenital heart disease. In the absence of early diagnosis and treatment, pediatric patients with PAH has a poor survival rate. Here, we explore serum biomarkers for distinguishing children with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) from CHD.

Multistage ROS-Responsive and Natural Polyphenol-Driven Prodrug Hydrogels for Diabetic Wound Healing.

The high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bacterial infection impede wound healing of the diabetic wound. Here, benefiting from the antioxidation effects of tannic acid (TA) and ROS-responsive phenylborate ester (PBAE), a series of ROS-responsive anti-inflammatory TA-conjugated nanoparticle hydrogels (PPBA-TA-PVA) can be obtained by conveniently mixing TA, phenylboric acid modified polyphosphazene (PPBA), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The obtained PPBA-TA-PVA hydrogels could effectively inhibit the growth of (antibacterial rate = 93.

[Capsaicin inhibits proliferation and migration of cerebral basilar artery smooth muscle cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

Objective To investigate whether capsaicin (CAP) can improve the proliferation and migration of cerebral basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods Primary BASMCs of SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were cultured in vitro, randomly divided into control group (WKY group), SHR group and capsaicin treatment group (CAP group). The intervention concentration of CAP was determined by CCK-8 assay; Transwell chamber assay and scratch test were used to detect the migration ability of BASMCs; the expression and distribution of osteopontin (OPN) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in BASMCs were detected by immunofluorescence assay, and Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein levels of OPN and PCNA in BASMCs.

The effect of perceived social support on frailty and depression: A multicategorical multiple mediation analysis.

The mediating effects of three sources of perceived social support on frailty severity and depression were examined. Conducted in rural China, data on 570 frail older women were studied. Results showed that significant others' support (mainly daughters) (β = 0.

Variation in quality of the different prepared formulation granules of rhubarb was evaluated by quantitative analysis of multicomponents with single marker.

Rhei Radix et Rhizoma formula granule (RRFG) , Winy Rhei Radix et Rhizoma formula granule(WRFG) and Rhubarb charcoal formula granules (RCFG) are the three most popular and effective formula granules of rhubarb in China and anthraquinone components are their main active ingredients. In order to discuss the difference in anthraquinone components of these three drugs, a simultaneous quantitative analysis method of multicomponents by single-marker (QAMS) was developed. Emodin was chosed as the internal reference standard, the relative correction factors (RCFs) of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion were established and the contents of the four components were calculated based on the RCFs, respectively.

[Emodin inhibits the proliferation and migration of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by blocking SMAD2/3 signaling pathway].

Objective To investigate the effect of emodin on the proliferation and migration of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Methods HPASMCs were cultured in vitro, and HPASMCs in logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group, TGF-β1 group, and TGF-β1 combined with emodin group. The activity of HPASMCs was detected by CCK-8 assay, the migration ability of HPASMCs was detected by Transwell chamber assay and scratch assay, and the expressions of osteopontin (OPN) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by immunofluorescence assay.

Hypoxia Induces Apoptosis of Microglia BV2 by Upregulating Kir2.1 to Activate Mitochondrial-Related Apoptotic Pathways.

Aim: To explore the role of Kir2.1 in hypoxia-induced microglial apoptosis.

Methods: BV2 microglial cell lines were cultured and treated with ML133 hydrochloride, a Kir2.

Elevated Serum Uric Acid is Associated With Poor Survival in Advanced HCC Patients and Febuxostat Improves Prognosis in HCC Rats.

Serum uric acid is associated with tumor progression and hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we aimed to determine whether serum uric acid is related to the survival time of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and whether the inhibition of uric acid production affects the progression and survival of rats with HCC. The follow-up data of 288 patients with advanced HCC were analyzed.

17β-Estradiol promotes angiogenesis of stria vascular in cochlea of C57BL/6J mice.

It is widely accepted that the stria vascularis (SV) in cochlea plays a critical role in the generation of endocochlear potential (EP) and the secretion of the endolymph. 17β-estradiol (E2) is the most potent and abundant endogenous estrogen during the premenopausal period, thus, considered as the reference estrogen. This study aimd to investigate the protective effect of E2 by promoting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and thus promoting the vascular regeneration of the SV in elderly mice.