Surgeon Sex and Long-Term Postoperative Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Common Surgeries.

Importance: Sex- and gender-based differences in a surgeon's medical practice and communication may be factors in patients' perioperative outcomes. Patients treated by female surgeons have improved 30-day outcomes. However, whether these outcomes persist over longer follow-up has not been assessed.

Protecting the spinal cord during thoracic endovascular aortic repair-who should place the spinal drain?

A well-placed and functioning lumbar spinal drain, for spinal cord protection, is an important aspect of the perioperative care of patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) procedures. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating complication of TEVAR procedures and is most often associated with Crawford type 2 repairs. Current evidence-based guidelines for the surgical management of patients with thoracic aortic disease include the role of lumbar spine catheter placement and drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) intraoperatively as part of a strategy to prevent spinal cord ischemia.

Long-term outcomes of mesial temporal laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy and subsequent surgery for seizure recurrence: a multi-centre cohort study.

Background: Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive alternative to surgical resection for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Reported rates of seizure freedom are variable and long-term durability is largely unproven. Anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) remains an option for patients with MRgLITT treatment failure.

A novel case of homozygous PAX1 mutation associated with hypoparathyroidism.

Unlabelled: The PAX1 gene plays an important role in the development of the parathyroid glands and the thymus. Mouse knockout models of PAX1, PAX3, and PAX9 have been found to have hypoplastic or absent parathyroid glands. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of PAX1-associated hypoparathyroidism in humans.

Left-sided valvular heart disease and retinopathy in a 38-year-old woman with attenuated mucopolysaccharidosis: a case report.

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficient levels and/or activity of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-degradative enzymes. MPS are characterized by accumulation of the mucopolysaccharides heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, or chondroitin sulfate in tissues. We report the case of a 38-year-old woman with a history of joint restriction and retinitis pigmentosa who developed bivalvular heart failure requiring surgery.

Permeation of individual cryoprotectants and their different combinations into mouse liver tissue.

Development of successful tissue cryopreservation methods requires specific knowledge regarding tissue permeation of individual cryoprotective agents (CPAs) and their combinations. The present study assessed the permeation of dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol into liver tissue, and addressed whether the diffusion coefficient of individual CPAs changes when combining CPAs. To do this, mouse liver slices were exposed at room temperature to 3.

Infective Endocarditis-Update for the Perioperative Clinician.

Infective endocarditis is a common pathology routinely encountered by perioperative physicians. There has been a need for a comprehensive review of this important topic. In this expert review, the authors discuss in detail the incidence, etiology, definition, microbiology, and trends of infective endocarditis.

Outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography in patients with liver transplant.

Aim Of The Study: Biliary complications are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality after liver transplant (LT). However, national data on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) usage and outcomes in LT patients are lacking. Our study aims to identify the trends, outcomes, and predictors of ERCP and related complications in this patient subgroup.

: Uncommon yet not to be missed cause of eosinophilia.

is a soil-transmitted nematode that is estimated to infect millions of people per year worldwide. However, cases are less commonly seen in the United States. This report highlights the importance of when to include in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting eosinophilia within the United States.

Prostate cancer mortality rates in low- and favorable intermediate-risk active surveillance patients: a population-based competing risks analysis.

Purpose: To determine prostate cancer (PCa) and other-cause mortality rates in low- and favorable intermediate-risk (FIR) active surveillance (AS) patients.

Methods: The SEER Prostate with Watchful Waiting database was used to identify men diagnosed with NCCN low or FIR PCa, between 2010 and 2015, managed with AS. FIR patients were subdivided into three subgroups, based on their intermediate risk factor: grade group two (GG2), PSA 10-20 ng/ml or cT2b-c disease.

Extracellular Vesicles as Communicators of Senescence in Musculoskeletal Aging.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are released by numerous cell types. EVs are now acknowledged as playing a critical role in cell-cell communication in healthy aging as well as in age-related diseases. Recently it was shown that senescence, a key hallmark of aging, increases the secretion of EVs.

Increasing Trends of Clostridium difficile Infection in Hospitalized Young Patients: A Study of the National Inpatient Sample From 2007 to 2017.

Background infection (CDI) is one of the rising public health threats in the United States. It has imposed significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. However, the burden of the disease in the young population is unclear.

Artificial neural networks predict the need for permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion following posterior fossa tumor resection.

Background: Resection of posterior fossa tumors (PFTs) can result in hydrocephalus that requires permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. Our goal was to prospectively validate a machine-learning model to predict postoperative hydrocephalus after PFT surgery requiring permanent CSF diversion.

Methods: We collected preoperative and postoperative variables on 518 patients that underwent PFT surgery at our center in a retrospective fashion to train several statistical classifiers to predict the need for permanent CSF diversion as a binary class.

Association between isolated abnormal coagulation profile on transfusion following major surgery: A NSQIP analysis of individuals without bleeding disorders.

Introduction: Preoperative coagulation screening for patients without bleeding disorders remains controversial. The combinatorial risk of INR, aPTT, and platelet count (PLT) abnormalities leading to bleeding requiring transfusion is not known in these patients. We examined the association between abnormal coagulation profile and the risk of transfusion following common elective surgery in patients without bleeding disorders.