Ultrasonographic evaluation of diaphragmatic excursion changes after major laparoscopic surgeries in the Trendelenburg position under general anaesthesia: A prospective observational study.

Background And Aims: Laparoscopic surgeries result in increased intra abdominal pressure and cephalad displacement of the diaphragm. The Trendelenburg position can augment these respiratory changes. The primary objective of this study was to compare diaphragmatic excursions before and after a major laparoscopic pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia in the Trendelenburg position using ultrasonography (USG).

Reduction in postoperative sore throat by preoperative nebulization with dexmedetomidine, ketamine or saline: A prospective, randomized-controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a minor but distressing complication following general anesthesia. The current literature on the effect of preoperative nebulization with dexmedetomidine, or ketamine on POST is, however, sparse. So, we compared the effect of preoperative nebulization with these drugs on POST.

Ghosting phenomenon in static and dynamic footprints in India and the United States.

Ghosting is the phenomenon that exists when a footprint has a lighter area around the tip of one or more toes or a shadow-like area at the back of the heel. To date, ghosting has been considered primarily a finding of dynamic (walking) footprints, rather than static (standing) footprints. The prevalence of ghosting in static footprints is unknown, and research on its presence in static and dynamic footprints from the same participant is sparse, as are studies on its occurrence in different geographic populations.

The safety, tolerability and mortality reduction efficacy of remdesivir; based on randomized clinical trials, observational and case studies reported safety outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Remdesivir, an experimental antiviral drug has shown to inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), both and . The present systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to quantify the safety and tolerability of remdesivir, based on safety outcome findings from randomized controlled trials, observational studies and case reports of remdesivir in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Methods: We have performed a systematic search in the PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library using specific keywords such as 'COVID-19' OR 'SARS CoV-2' AND 'Remdesivir'.

Effects of intraoperative inverse ratio ventilation on postoperative pulmonary function tests in the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective single blind study.

Background And Aims: Induction of general anaesthesia is associated with development of atelectasis in the lungs, which may further lead to postoperative pulmonary complications. Inverse ratio ventilation (IRV) has shown to improve oxygenation and minimise further lung injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of IRV on intraoperative respiratory mechanics and postoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs).

Basics of Statistical Comparisons.

All study designs in medical research, barring descriptive studies, involve comparative analysis to achieve its objective/s. Comparisons between groups based on outcomes, or risk factors, or interventions, are the basis of hypotheses in evidence-based medicine. Statistical tests support in making criterion-based decisions about the validity of the hypothesis.

Approval of Itolizumab for COVID-19: A Premature Decision or Need of The Hour?

Itolizumab is a first-in-class anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody that was initially developed for various cancers and was later developed and approved in India for treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis in 2013. This drug is now being re-purposed for COVID-19. The potential utility of itolizumab in COVID-19, based on its unique mechanism of action in ameliorating cytokine release syndrome (CRS), was proposed first in Cuba with approval of a single-arm clinical trial and expanded access use.

IL-6 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Serious COVID-19: A Promising Therapy?

At present, there are no proven agents for treatment of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The available evidence has not allowed guidelines to clearly recommend any drugs outside the context of clinical trials. The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 invokes a hyperinflammatory state driven by multiple cells and mediators like interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), etc.

Tribal population in India: A public health challenge and road to future.

India with 8.6% of tribal population is finding it difficult to bridge the gap that exists between tribal and non-tribal population in regards to healthcare. Tribal population suffers triple burden of disease; in fact it is quadruple, namely, communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, malnutrition, mental health, and addictions complicated by poor health seeking behavior.

Revascularisation of iatrogenic superior mesenteric artery injury by end to end anastomosis during robot assisted nephrectomy.

Introduction: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) injury is very peculiar to left sided renal surgery. Although it is rare only, most of it is unreported. We report a case of SMA injury during robot assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy, which was managed successfully by end to end anastomosis.

A Survey of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Otolaryngologists.

There are increased reports of prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in surgeons performing minimal access surgeries. Due to the nature of the speciality, otolaryngologists spend their work days in performing markedly precise procedures in small workspaces i.e.

Palăśa (Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub.) and its medico-historical study.

Palăśa (Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub.) is considered sacred both by Hindus and Buddhists.

Biography of Sŏdhala and his contribution to Ayurvĕda.

Sŏdhala was a scholar of Ayurvĕda as well as săhitya, Jyotisya, Vyakaraņa and also a good poet who belongs to Gujarat. Sŏdhala contributed two important works to Ayurvĕda literature namely 1. Sŏdhbala nighaņţu, 2.

Diet, dietetics and flora of the Holy Bible.

The study of history of medical science from non-medical sources needs no apology. At first the discussion of what was thought in the past rather than what is known now appears to be of merely antiquarian value. The knowledge of Diet, Dietetics, medicinal plants dates back to the remote antiquity of mankind.

Medico-historical study of "aśvattha" (sacred fig tree).

Aśvattha (Ficus religiosa Linn.) is a tree which has got mythological, religious and medicinal importance in Indian culture since ancient times. As per Vedic Index Aśvattha means horse stand, a place or site or an object where or under which horses stand.

Medico-historical review of Nyagrŏdha (Ficus bengalensis Linn.).

Nyagrŏdha the Banyan tree (Ficus bengalensis Linn.) is a sacred medicinal plant since Vedic times. The English name Banyan is given by the Britishers to this tree because under the tree Banias i.

Health promotion, preventive and curative aspects of diseases in astrology.

The whole universe is intermingling into a unit in the period of globalization. Different cultures, life-styles and sciences are co-operating with each other in this situation. World Health Organization is working towards collaborating all prevalent medical sciences for attainment of good health and family welfare for each and every individual by 2020.

Paśu Ayurvĕda (veterinary medicine) in Garudapurăņa.

The history of veterinary medicine is closely tied to the development of human medicine. Evidence of animal medicine has been found in ancient civilizations, such as those of the Hindu, Babylonians, Hebrews, Arabs, Greeks, and Romans. Ancient Indian literature in the form of the holy Vĕda, Purăna, Brăhmaņa, epics, etc.

Precepts of community health and hygiene from the Holy Bible.

Every Society, in its unending process of evolution, devises its own methods of survival in ethical, medical and emotional aspects. The urge for good and healthy living, the desire for longevity of life are not only inherent but also largely evident in all the societies right from the time of its primitivity. Jews are a wonder community.