Residual tricuspid regurgitation after tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: Insights into the EuroTR registry.

Aims: Data on the prognostic impact of residual tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (T-TEER) are scarce. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate 2-year survival and symptomatic outcomes of patients in relation to residual TR after T-TEER.

Methods And Results: Using the large European Registry of Transcatheter Repair for Tricuspid Regurgitation (EuroTR registry) we investigated the impact of residual TR on 2-year all-cause mortality and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class at follow-up.

Altered cortical synaptic lipid signaling leads to intermediate phenotypes of mental disorders.

Excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance plays important roles in mental disorders. Bioactive phospholipids like lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are synthesized by the enzyme autotaxin (ATX) at cortical synapses and modulate glutamatergic transmission, and eventually alter E/I balance of cortical networks. Here, we analyzed functional consequences of altered E/I balance in 25 human subjects induced by genetic disruption of the synaptic lipid signaling modifier PRG-1, which were compared to 25 age and sex matched control subjects.

Long non-coding RNAs expression and regulation across different brain regions in primates.

Human and non-human primates have strikingly similar genomes, but they strongly differ in many brain-based processes (e.g., behaviour and cognition).

Joint ERS/EACTS/ESTS clinical practice guidelines on adults with spontaneous pneumothorax.

Background: The optimal management for spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) remains contentious, with various proposed approaches. This joint clinical practice guideline from the ERS, EACTS and ESTS societies provides evidence-based recommendations for the management of SP.

Methods: This multidisciplinary Task Force addressed 12 key clinical questions on the management of pneumothorax, using ERS methodology for guideline development.

Structured reporting for efficient epidemiological and in-hospital prevalence analysis of pulmonary embolisms.

Structured reporting (SR) not only offers advantages regarding report quality but, as an IT-based method, also the opportunity to aggregate and analyze large, highly structured datasets (data mining). In this study, a data mining algorithm was used to calculate epidemiological data and in-hospital prevalence statistics of pulmonary embolism (PE) by analyzing structured CT reports.All structured reports for PE CT scans from the last 5 years (n = 2790) were extracted from the SR database and analyzed.

MIND4OLIGOS: Determining the Monoisotopic Mass of Oligonucleotides Observed in High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Oligonucleotide therapeutics have emerged as an important class of drugs offering targeted therapeutic strategies that complement traditional modalities, such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecules. Their unique ability to precisely modulate gene expression makes them vital for addressing previously undruggable targets. A critical aspect of developing these therapies is characterizing their molecular composition accurately.

Joint ERS/EACTS/ESTS clinical practice guidelines on adults with spontaneous pneumothorax.

Objectives: The optimal management for spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) remains contentious, with various proposed approaches. This joint clinical practice guideline from the ERS, EACTS and ESTS societies provides evidence-based recommendations for the management of SP.

Methods: This multidisciplinary Task Force addressed 12 key clinical questions on the management of pneumothorax, using ERS methodology for guideline development.

β-Catenin in Dendritic Cells Negatively Regulates CD8 T Cell Immune Responses through the Immune Checkpoint Molecule Tim-3.

Recent studies have demonstrated that β-catenin in dendritic cells (DCs) serves as a key mediator in promoting both CD4 and CD8 T cell tolerance, although the mechanisms underlying how β-catenin exerts its functions remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that activation of β-catenin leads to the up-regulation of inhibitory molecule T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) in type 1 conventional DCs (cDC1s). Using a cDC1-targeted vaccine model with anti-DEC-205 engineered to express the melanoma antigen human gp100 (anti-DEC-205-hgp100), we demonstrated that CD11c-β-catenin mice exhibited impaired cross-priming and memory responses of gp100-specific CD8 T (Pmel-1) cells upon immunization with anti-DEC-205-hgp100.

Paul Glaucoma Implant following Congenital Cataract Surgery in a Pediatric Cohort.

: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of the Paul Glaucoma Implant (PGI) in pediatric eyes diagnosed with glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery (GFCS). : A retrospective, single-center, descriptive study was conducted on consecutive children diagnosed with GFCS who underwent PGI implantation between July 2022 and November 2023 at the University Medical Center Mainz. The primary outcome measure was the reduction in IOP at the last follow-up visit.

Outcome of Pulmonary Embolism with and without Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is the second, and pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most common cardiovascular cause of death after myocardial infarction. Data regarding risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with acute PE are limited. Patients were selected by screening the German nationwide in-patient sample for PE (ICD-code I26) and were stratified by ischemic stroke (ICD code I63) and compared.

Rigorous Donor Selection for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Active Ulcerative Colitis: Key Lessons From a Randomized Controlled Trial Halted for Futility.

Background & Aims: Rigorous donor preselection on microbiota level, strict anaerobic processing, and repeated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) administration were hypothesized to improve FMT induction of remission in ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: The RESTORE-UC trial was a multi-centric, double-blind, sham-controlled, randomized trial. Patients with moderate to severe UC (defined by total Mayo 4-10) were randomly allocated to receive 4 anaerobic-prepared allogenic or autologous donor FMTs.

Targeted rescue of synaptic plasticity improves cognitive decline in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent complication of severe systemic infection resulting in delirium, premature death, and long-term cognitive impairment. We closely mimicked SAE in a murine peritoneal contamination and infection (PCI) model. We found long-lasting synaptic pathology in the hippocampus including defective long-term synaptic plasticity, reduction of mature neuronal dendritic spines, and severely affected excitatory neurotransmission.

naRNA-LL37 composite DAMPs define sterile NETs as self-propagating drivers of inflammation.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a key antimicrobial feature of cellular innate immunity mediated by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). NETs counteract microbes but are also linked to inflammation in atherosclerosis, arthritis, or psoriasis by unknown mechanisms. Here, we report that NET-associated RNA (naRNA) stimulates further NET formation in naive PMNs via a unique TLR8-NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pathway.

Assessing unknown potential-quality and limitations of different large language models in the field of otorhinolaryngology.

Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) might offer a solution for the lack of trained health personnel, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. However, their strengths and weaknesses remain unclear.

Aims/objectives: Here we benchmark different LLMs (Bard 2023.

Micro-computed tomographic analysis of the morphology of maxillary lateral incisors.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the morphology of maxillary lateral incisors (MxLI) using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Materials And Methods: The root canal configurations (RCC) of maxillary lateral incisors (MxLI) of a mixed Swiss-German population were examined using micro-CT, 3D imaging, and a 4-digit system code indicating the main root canal from coronal to apical thirds and the main foramina number.

Results: The most frequently observed RCC of MxLI were 1-1-1/1 (Vertucci I/Ve I, 80.

Grey Matter Atrophy and its Relationship with White Matter Lesions in Patients with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease, Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, and Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To evaluate: (1) the distribution of gray matter (GM) atrophy in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4+NMOSD), and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS); and (2) the relationship between GM volumes and white matter lesions in various brain regions within each disease.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter analysis of magnetic resonance imaging data included patients with MOGAD/AQP4+NMOSD/RRMS in non-acute disease stage. Voxel-wise analyses and general linear models were used to evaluate the relevance of regional GM atrophy.

App-Based Mental Training to Reduce Atrial Fibrillation-Related Symptoms After Pulmonary Vein Isolation: .

Background: Even after atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation, many patients still experience relevant symptom burden. The objective of the MENTAL AF trial was to determine whether app-based mental training (MT) during the 3 months following pulmonary vein isolation reduces AF-related symptoms.

Methods And Results: Patients scheduled for pulmonary vein isolation were enrolled and randomized 1:1 to either app-based MT or usual care.

The new reporting obligation for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Germany - a critical view.

Background: In summer 2023, mandatory reporting of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by name was introduced in Germany. The stated objectives were: to improve the database to prevent overburdening of the healthcare system, to implement targeted, early investigation and action by local health authorities to prevent further spread, and to assess vaccines after the expected approval of RSV vaccination.

Methods: These objectives are examined against the background of data from mandatory reporting of RSV in the German federal state of Saxony, which has been required since 2002, and the data from the ARE (acute respiratory diseases) survey in Germany, considering the basic legal requirements and options of the Infection Protection Act, the requirements of the EU Commission for the collection of data on infectious diseases and the recommendations by experts of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the options for individual or general preventive measures by the health authorities and previous experience with the evaluation options of the reported data (especially regarding the effectiveness of vaccinations).

The olfactory network of larval Xenopus laevis regenerates accurately after olfactory nerve transection.

Across vertebrate species, the olfactory epithelium (OE) exhibits the uncommon feature of lifelong neuronal turnover. Epithelial stem cells give rise to new neurons that can adequately replace dying olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) during developmental and adult phases and after lesions. To relay olfactory information from the environment to the brain, the axons of the renewed ORNs must reconnect with the olfactory bulb (OB).

Epidemiology and Treatment of Patients With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Germany: A Health Claims Data Analysis.

Prcis: Based on a large administrative database of German claims data, our study provides current estimates of the prevalence and incidence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in Germany and describes selected outcomes for prevalent patients with POAG.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and incidence of POAG in Germany, to describe the patient population in terms of comorbidity burden, routine care, and overall healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs, and to describe treatment patterns over time in patients undergoing relevant laser procedures.

Materials And Methods: Based on anonymized German claims data, we carried out a retrospective, noninterventional study covering calendar years 2016-2021.