ACS Nano
October 2023
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Chemotherapeutics have the potential to increase the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies by stimulating the production of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and eliciting mutations that result in the production of neoantigens, thereby increasing the immunogenicity of cancerous lesions. However, the dose-limiting toxicity and limited immunogenicity of chemotherapeutics are not sufficient to induce a robust antitumor response. We hypothesized that cancer cells treated with ultrahigh doses of various chemotherapeutics artificially increased the abundance, variety, and specificity of DAMPs and neoantigens, thereby improving chemoimmunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInj Prev
January 2024
School of Nursing and the Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Background: Chronic pain represents a substantial health burden and source of disability following traumatic injury. This study investigates factors associated with racial and ethnic disparities in chronic pain.
Methods: Prospective, longitudinal, panel study.
Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging
August 2023
From the Department of Radiology, Cardiothoracic Division (M.F.B., A.C., S.A., F.U.K.), Department of Radiology (Y.X.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (D.B.D.), UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390; and Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (H.L.).
Purpose: To perform a living systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and standard of care (SOC) in the evaluation of acute chest pain (ACP).
Materials And Methods: Multiple electronic databases were systematically searched, with the most recent search conducted on October 31, 2022. Studies were stratified into two groups according to the pretest probability for acute coronary syndrome (group 1 with predominantly low-to-intermediate risk vs group 2 with high risk).
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM
November 2023
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and Parkland Health, Dallas, TX.
Background: Current guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy include the use of a dual-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with either an integrase strand transfer inhibitor or a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor, although there is no designation of which is the preferred option.
Objective: This study aimed to compare viral suppression at delivery among patients on dual-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors combined with either an integrase strand transfer inhibitor or a protease inhibitor. A hypothesis was made that the incidence of viral suppression is higher with the use of a dual-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone combined with an integrase strand transfer inhibitor than with the use of a dual-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone combined with a protease inhibitor.
J Hand Surg Eur Vol
March 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
We assessed operatively treated closed distal radial fractures to identify independent risk factors for surgical site infection after treatment. A retrospective review was carried out of 531 operatively treated closed distal radial fractures over a 5-year period. Multiple logistic regression was performed with infection as the dependent variable, using a stepwise regression procedure to select variables to construct the final model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Oncol
September 2023
From Medical Science Department, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA; Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Department of Pathology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Gynecologic Oncology and Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California at Irvine, Orange, CA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush Medical Center, Chicago, IL; and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (affiliate of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX).
In randomized trials the combination of cisplatin and paclitaxel was superior to cisplatin and cyclophosphamide in advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Although in nonrandomized trials, carboplatin and paclitaxel was a less toxic and highly active combination regimen, there remained concern regarding its efficacy in patients with small-volume, resected, stage III disease. Thus, we conducted a noninferiority trial of cisplatin and paclitaxel versus carboplatin and paclitaxel in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
August 2023
Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
The sigma 1 receptor (S1R) is a 223-amino-acid-long transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein. The S1R plays an important role in neuronal health and it is an established therapeutic target for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite its importance in physiology and disease, the biological function of S1R is poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrauma Surg Acute Care Open
August 2023
Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Imposter syndrome is a psychological phenomenon where people doubt their achievements and have a persistent internalized fear of being exposed as a fraud, even when there is little evidence to support these thought processes. It typically occurs among high performers who are unable to internalize and accept their success. This phenomenon is not recognized as an official mental health diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; however, mental health professionals recognize it as a form of intellectual self-doubt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
December 2023
Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
Objective: Measuring exhaled carbon dioxide (ECO) during non-invasive ventilation at birth may provide information about lung aeration. However, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) only recommends ECO detection for confirming endotracheal tube placement. ILCOR has therefore prioritised a research question that needs to be urgently evaluated: 'In newborn infants receiving intermittent positive pressure ventilation by any non-invasive interface at birth, does the use of an ECO monitor in addition to clinical assessment, pulse oximetry and/or ECG, compared with clinical assessment, pulse oximetry and/or ECG only, decrease endotracheal intubation in the delivery room, improve response to resuscitation, improve survival or reduce morbidity?'.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorbid obesity, as characterized by BMI, is often utilized as an exclusion criterion for VV-ECMO because of presumed poor prognosis and technically complex cannulation. However, the "obesity paradox" suggests obesity may be protective during critical illness, and BMI does not capture variations in body type, adiposity, or fluid balance. This study examines relationships between BMI and patient outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is a newly established standard treatment for rectal adenocarcinoma. Current methods to communicate magnitudes of regression during TNT are subjective and imprecise. Magnetic resonance tumor regression grade (MR-TRG) is an existing, but rarely used, regression grading system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuron
October 2023
Department of Anesthesia and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada. Electronic address:
Dysregulation of protein synthesis is one of the key mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the role of a major pathway controlling protein synthesis, the integrated stress response (ISR), in ASD remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the main arm of the ISR, eIF2α phosphorylation (p-eIF2α), is suppressed in excitatory, but not inhibitory, neurons in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome (FXS; Fmr1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
July 2023
Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of people worldwide. AD does not have a cure and most drug development efforts in the AD field have been focused on targeting the amyloid pathway based on the "amyloid cascade hypothesis". However, in addition to the amyloid pathway, substantial evidence also points to dysregulated neuronal calcium (Ca) signaling as one of the key pathogenic events in AD, and it has been proposed that pharmacological agents that stabilize neuronal Ca signaling may act as disease-modifying agents in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Digit Health
August 2023
Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
Sci Rep
June 2023
Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina St. 11, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194021.
Dendritic spines form most excitatory synaptic inputs in neurons and these spines are altered in many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Reliable methods to assess and quantify dendritic spines morphology are needed, but most existing methods are subjective and labor intensive. To solve this problem, we developed an open-source software that allows segmentation of dendritic spines from 3D images, extraction of their key morphological features, and their classification and clustering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
June 2023
Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina St. 11, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases. Most of the current AD therapeutic developments are directed towards improving neuronal cell function or facilitating Aβ amyloid clearance from the brain. However, some recent evidence suggests that astrocytes may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncogene
July 2023
Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
Therapy resistance to second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonists, such as enzalutamide, is common in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). To understand the metabolic alterations involved in enzalutamide resistance, we performed metabolomic, transcriptomic, and cistromic analyses of enzalutamide-sensitive and -resistant PCa cells, xenografts, patient-derived organoids, patient-derived explants, and tumors. We noted dramatically higher basal and inducible levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in enzalutamide-resistant PCa and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), in comparison to enzalutamide-sensitive PCa cells or primary therapy-naive tumors respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Protoc
June 2023
Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Many biological studies require high-resolution imaging and subsequent analysis of cell organelles and molecules. Some membrane proteins form tight clusters, and this process is directly linked to their function. In most studies, these small protein clusters have been investigated by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, which enables imaging with high spatial resolution within 100 nm of the membrane surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)
April 2023
Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
Objective: To discover if first-attempt failure of the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery (ABCRS) board examination is associated with surgical training or personal demographic characteristics.
Methods: Current colon and rectal surgery program directors in the United States were contacted via email. Deidentified records of trainees from 2011 to 2019 were requested.
J Immunother Cancer
June 2023
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, gastric, duodenal and distal small bowel, biliary tract, pancreatic, colon, rectal, and anal cancer, comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies that impose a significant global burden. Immunotherapy has transformed the treatment landscape for several GI cancers, offering some patients durable responses and prolonged survival. Specifically, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) directed against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), either as monotherapies or in combination regimens, have gained tissue site-specific regulatory approvals for the treatment of metastatic disease and in the resectable setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Metab
July 2023
Center for Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to undergo functional and structural changes in response to diverse challenges. Converging evidence supports the notion that exercise serves as a metabolic challenge, triggering the release of multiple factors both in the periphery and within the brain. These factors actively contribute to plasticity in the brain, and in turn, regulate energy and glucose metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ginseng Res
May 2023
Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Hepatic lipid disorder impaired mitochondrial homeostasis and intracellular redox balance, triggering development of non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while effective therapeutic approach remains inadequate. Ginsenosides Rc has been reported to maintain glucose balance in adipose tissue, while its role in regulating lipid metabolism remain vacant. Thus, we investigated the function and mechanism of ginsenosides Rc in defending high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypertens Res
July 2023
Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
Malignant nephrosclerosis is a thrombotic microangiopathy associated with abnormal local activation of the complement alternative pathway (AP). However, the mechanism underlying local AP activation is not fully understood. We hypothesized that complement factor D (CFD) secreted by endothelial cells triggers vascular dysfunction in malignant nephrosclerosis via local complement activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatology
October 2023
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Acute liver failure (ALF) describes a clinical syndrome of rapid hepatocyte injury leading to liver failure manifested by coagulopathy and encephalopathy in the absence of pre-existing cirrhosis. The hallmark diagnostic features are a prolonged prothrombin time (ie, an international normalized ratio of prothrombin time of ≥1.5) and any degree of mental status alteration (HE).
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