Temporal Shifts in Etiological Agents and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Biliary Tract Infections in Sichuan Province, China (2017-2023).

Purpose: We analyzed the pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance distributions in patients with biliary tract infections (BTI) using samples from the Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Network of Sichuan Province (ARINSP) to promote the rational use of antibiotics to reduce multidrug resistance.

Patients And Methods: Participating hospitals identified isolates between 2017 and 2023 and conducted antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Isolated bacteria were identified and tested for drug sensitivity using MOLDI-TOF mass spectrometry system, VITEK automated drug sensitivity system and paper diffusion method, and the results were interpreted with reference to CLSI M100 30th edition standards.

Gut Microbiota Changes and Its Potential Relations with Thyroid Disorders: From Composition to Therapeutic Targets.

Composed of over 1200 species of anaerobes and aerobes bacteria along with bacteriophages, viruses, and fungal species, the human gut microbiota (GM) is vital to health, including digestive equilibrium, immunologic, hormonal, and metabolic homeostasis. Micronutrients, usually refer to trace elements (copper, iodine, iron, selenium, zinc) and vitamins (A, C, D, E), interact with the GM to influence host immune metabolism. So far, microbiome studies have revealed an association between disturbances in the microbiota and various pathological disorders, such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, anxiety, depression, early-onset cancers, type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

The impact of cognitive impairment on patient activation and their value in self-management among COPD patients.

Objectives: To examine the impact of the interaction between cognitive function and patient activation on self-management behaviors among COPD patients.

Methods: We conducted a study of 331 COPD patients. Cognitive function and patient activation were evaluated at baseline, relevant information on social demography and diseases was collected simultaneously.

Effectiveness of Escape Room in Medical Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The primary goal of this meta-analysis is to explore the five factors of knowledge, teamwork, learning satisfaction, anxiety, and interprofessional ability to determine the value of escape rooms in medical education. Up to January 2023, we searched ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, and the Cochrane Library for pertinent works in either English or Chinese. The Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to assess the quality of studies.

Pyroptosis and its role in autoimmune skin disease.

Autoimmune skin disease is a kind of heterogeneous disease with complicated pathogenesis. Many factors such as genetic, infectious, environmental and even psychological factors may interact together to trigger a synergistic effect for the development of abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the exact mechanisms remain unclear, recent evidence suggests that pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in the development of autoimmune skin disease.

Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on the recovery after third molar surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the recovery of alveolar bone after surgical removal of the mandibular third molars. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched from the inception to February 2023 for relevant studies on the application of PRF after the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, with the language limited to English. Literature screening was conducted by two independent researchers.

PCYT1A deficiency disturbs fatty acid metabolism and induces ferroptosis in the mouse retina.

Background: Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a group of debilitating visual disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, which ultimately lead to blindness. Among the causes of this condition, mutations in the PCYT1A gene, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for phosphatidylcholine (PC) de novo synthesis via the Kennedy pathway, have been identified. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the association between PCYT1A mutations and IRDs remain unclear.

Contrast-enhanced CT radiomics features to preoperatively identify differences between tumor and proximal tumor-adjacent and tumor-distant tissues of resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophagectomy is the main treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and patients with histopathologically negative margins still have a relatively higher recurrence rate. Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) radiomics might noninvasively obtain potential information about the internal heterogeneity of ESCC and its adjacent tissues. This study aimed to develop CECT radiomics models to preoperatively identify the differences between tumor and proximal tumor-adjacent and tumor-distant tissues in ESCC to potentially reduce tumor recurrence.

activity of ceftazidime-avibactam, imipenem-relebactam, aztreonam-avibactam, and comparators toward carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent isolates.

To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the activity of two novel antimicrobial drugs, including imipenem-relebactam (IMR) and aztreonam-avibactam (AZA), toward carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent (CR-hvKP) strains. Our activity study revealed that only few antibacterial agents (including several novel agents) exhibit high antimicrobial activity toward carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) and CR-hvKP isolates. IMR and AZA may be promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of infections caused by CRKP and CR-hvKP isolates.

A deep learning-based model (DeepMPM) to help predict survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare disease with limited treatment and poor prognosis, and a precise and reliable means to predicting MPM remains lacking for clinical use.

Methods: In the population-based cohort study, we collected clinical characteristics from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. According to the time of diagnosis, the SEER data were divided into 2 cohorts: the training cohort (from 2010 to 2016) and the test cohort (from 2017 to 2019).

Predicting cutaneous malignant melanoma patients' survival using deep learning: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) has the worst prognosis among skin cancers, especially metastatic CMM. Predicting its prognosis accurately could direct clinical decisions.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was screened to collect CMM patients' data.

[Establishment of a prognostic nomogram model for predicting acute renal injury in patients with moderate and severe burns].

Objective: To establish a prediction model of acute kidney injury (AKI) in moderate and severe burn patients, so as to provide basic research evidence for early identification of burn-related AKI.

Methods: Patients who were admitted to the department of plastic burn surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from November 2018 to January 2021 were selected, and their clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations and other indicators were recorded. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the risk factors of AKI related to moderate and severe burns, and R software was used to establish the nomogram of moderate and severe burn patients complicated with AKI.

Ccrl2-centred immune-related lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network revealed the local skin immune activation mechanism of moxibustion on adjuvant arthritis mice.

Background: Moxibustion is an important external therapy of traditional medicine that operates on some acupoints on the skin and is usually used for immune-related diseases. However, whether the immune function of the skin, especially the immune-related lncRNAs, contributes to the mechanism of moxibustion remains unclear.

Methods: Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced by injection of Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the right hind paw of mice.

Mercuric chloride induced brain toxicity in mice: The protective effects of puerarin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles.

Mercury is a toxic, environmentally heavy metal that can cause severe damage to all organs, including the nervous system. The functions of puerarin include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, nerve cell repair, regulation of autophagy, and so forth. But because of the limited oral absorption of puerarin, it affects the protective effect on brain tissue.

Gastric Emptying Velocity After Labor Analgesia Assessed by Sonography: A Prospective Controlled Observational Study.

Objective: The effect of labor analgesia on gastric emptying rate will affect the management of fasting during the perinatal period. To evaluate gastric emptying after labor analgesia using the gastric antrum ultrasound examination.

Methods: From September 2022 to January 2023, a prospective controlled observational study was conducted.

Heat-Denatured Lysozyme is a Novel Potential Non-alcoholic Disinfectant Against Respiratory Virus.

Respiratory diseases are significant recurrent threats to global public health. Since the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic, seasonal influenza viruses continue to cause epidemics around the world each year. More recently, the COVID-19 global pandemic conducted a public health crisis with more than 6 million deaths and it also severely affected the global economy.

bacteremia mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To analyze the mortality rate of patients with bacteremia (KPB) and the impact of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing or carbapenem-resistance (CR) KP on the mortality rate among patients with bacteremia.

Methods: EMbase, Web of Science, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library were searched up to September 18, 2022. Two reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of included studies by ROBINS-I tool.

Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of nafamostat mesylate on rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury.

To investigate the role and mechanisms of action of nafamostat mesylate (NM) in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (RIAKI). RIAKI rats were assigned into control group (CN), RIAKI group (RM), and NM intervention group (NM). Inflammatory cytokines and proenkephalin a 119-159 (PENKID) were assessed.

Effects of acupuncture in the treatment of occipital neuralgia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acupuncture is used to treat subjects with occipital neuralgia, which is 1 of the main causes of occipital pain; however, its effect is conflicting. Hence, the current study aims to evaluate the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of occipital neuralgia.

Methods: In a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, OVID, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang databases, and Google Scholar until July 2021, 15 studies aimed to evaluate the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of occipital neuralgia were included.