Nodular expression of seminoma in the neck: An unusual case presentation.

Seminoma is a malignant germ cell tumor that primarily develops in the testis but can occur in other extragonadal areas, most commonly the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. While generally offering a favorable prognosis, seminomas can sometimes clinically present with misleading characteristics resulting in delayed diagnosis. In this article, we report the case of a 31-year-old male diagnosed with grade IIIC intermediate risk testicular seminoma cTxN3M1bSx, who presented initially with a palpable cervical mass.

Diaphragmatic pheochromocytoma: Two case reports and a review of the literature.

Rationale: Pheochromocytomas typically arise in the adrenal medulla, whereas ectopic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas commonly occur near the abdominal aorta, bladder, mediastinum, and head. Diaphragmatic pheochromocytomas are exceedingly rare, and there is limited surgical experience with their treatment.

Patient Concerns: In Case A, the subject is a 45-year-old male, while in Case B, the subject is a 59-year-old female.

[Anterior Mediastinal Dermoid Cyst with Enlarging Tendency:Report of a Case].

A 36-year-old woman referred to our hospital for treatment of a mediastinal tumor. Contrast computed tomography (CT) scan was revealed a 31×21×25 mm mass in the anterior mediastinum, with low contrast, clear border, and a tendency to increase. On magnetic resonance imaging( MRI) examination, the anterior mediastinal tumor showed homogeneous high signal intensity on T1-weighted images and a combination of high and low signal intensities on T2-weighted images.

Mediastinal Tumor in a Boy With GnRH-Independent Precocious Puberty and Fluctuating β-HCG Levels.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH(-independent premature puberty in boys, characterized by elevated β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels, can indicate a secreting germ cell tumor (GCT). These tumors are rare but more common in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (KS). We present a case of a 7.

Pediatric mediastinal lymphatic malformation: misdiagnosis analysis and literature review.

Objectives: Mediastinal cystic lymphatic malformation (MCLM) in children is prone to misdiagnosis as cystic teratoma. We compared the clinical and radiologic features between the two diseases and performed a cross-comparison with previous research on adult cases. This study aims to identify characteristic pediatric manifestations to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Anesthesia for an infant with congenital mediastinal mass: a case report.

Background: Giant anterior mediastinal masses in infants are one of the most challenging cases faced in pediatric anesthesia practice. They can pose unique challenges for resection such as cardiovascular collapse on induction of anesthesia and injury to surrounding structures that maybe compressed or displaced. Principles that must be followed and kept in mind during removal of giant mediastinal mass include appropriate diagnostic imaging to define mass extent, airway control during induction, a multidisciplinary team approach including cardiothoracic for sternotomy, cannulation to institute cardiopulmonary bypass, otolaryngology for rigid bronchoscopy, preservation of neurovascular structure, and complete resection whenever possible.

Recurrent carotid paragangliomas in a syndromic patient with a heterozygous missense variant in DNA Methyltransferase 3 Alpha.

We report a 40-year-old African American female with a novel variant in exon 8 of DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), (NM_022552.4: c.905G>C, p.

Imaging of thymic epithelial tumors-a clinical practice review.

This review article comprehensively examines the diagnostic approach to thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) and other mediastinal masses, focusing on imaging modalities and differential diagnosis. Beginning with a discussion on traditional and contemporary classification systems for mediastinal tumors, including the Japanese Association for Research on the Thymus (JART) and International Thymic Interest Group (ITMIG) classifications, it highlights the shift towards computed tomography (CT)-based categorizations. Emphasis is placed on the importance of distinguishing between solid and cystic lesions in the anterior mediastinum, with detailed insights into imaging characteristics and histological features of various TET subtypes such as thymomas, thymic carcinomas, and thymic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Teratoma to Angiosarcoma: A Metamorphosis in the Mediastinum.

We describe a rare and remarkable transformation of an immature mediastinal teratoma into high-grade angiosarcoma in a 21-year-old male. Mediastinal teratomas, particularly immature ones, are exceedingly rare, representing a small fraction of germ cell tumors (GCTs). Our case describes the clinical journey of the patient, who initially presented with acute chest pain and was subsequently diagnosed with an immature teratoma following imaging studies and elevated tumor markers.

Virtual Reality for Preoperative Surgical Planning in Complex Pediatric Oncology.

Virtual reality modeling (VRM) is a 3-dimensional simulation created from patient-specific 2-dimensional (2D) imaging. VRM creates a more accurate representation of the patient anatomy and can improve anatomical perception. We surveyed surgeons on their operative plan in complex pediatric oncology cases based on review of 2D imaging and subsequently after review of VRM.

Successful endoscopic approach for peripheral neuroblastic tumors in children.

Background: Recently, reports of endoscopic approaches for neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma (peripheral neuroblastic tumor; PNTs) have been increasing. This study aimed to clarify the indications for endoscopic surgery for PNTs.

Methods: Pediatric patients who underwent endoscopic surgery for PNTs at our institution were included in this study.

Perioperative strategies and management of giant anterior mediastinal tumors: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Giant anterior mediastinal tumors sometimes may cause circulatory collapse and respiratory failure, known as mediastinal mass syndrome (MMS). The prediction and prevention of MMS is challenging. The aim of this study is to summarize the evaluation methods for MMS and formulate treatment strategies for giant anterior mediastinal tumors.

Magnetic Resonance Elastography of Anterior Mediastinal Tumors.

Background: Preoperative differentiation of the types of mediastinal tumors is essential. Magnetic resonance (MR) elastography potentially provides a noninvasive method to assess the classification of mediastinal tumor subtypes.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of MR elastography in anterior mediastinal masses and to characterize the mechanical properties of tumors of different subtypes.

Metastatic right atrial mass in the presence of atrial septal defect: A rare clinical coincidence.

Key Clinical Message: The key takeaway from this clinical scenario is to choose the most appropriate and reasonable treatment plan when dealing with a patient who has atrial septal defect (ASD) and concurrent atrial and mediastinal masses. In such cases, a heart-oncology team should make the therapeutic decision.

Abstract: Right atrial masses are not pretty rare and might be a diagnostic challenge.

Schwannoma diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound-guided intranodal forceps biopsy using standard-sized biopsy forceps: A case report.

Schwannomas are classified as neurogenic tumors and are the most frequent nerve sheath tumors in the paravertebral mediastinum. Recently, the addition of endobronchial ultrasound-guided intranodal forceps biopsy (EBUS-IFB) using standard-sized biopsy forceps (SBFs) to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for metastatic lymph nodes in lung cancer patients reportedly improved the quality and quantity of the obtained specimens without significant complications. However, reports on the usefulness of this technique for benign diseases remain scarce.