Unilateral two-headed extensor digitorum longus muscle: atypical configuration and clinical implications.

This report describes a new configuration of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) with two heads and two main tendons divided into four slips. During routine cadaver dissection, unilateral (right) EDL muscle belly and tendon variations were identified. The morphometric measurements of the EDL were conducted using Image J software.

Usefulness of triglyceride-glucose index and homeostatic model assessment for predicting coronary microvascular dysfunction.

Background: Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a common occurrence in individuals with insulin resistance (IR). Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a widely used surrogate marker of IR, although recent studies suggest triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a superior marker of IR that had a better accuracy to predict type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular outcomes than HOMA-IR.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the accuracy and usefulness of TyG index and HOMA-IR for predicting CMD as assessed with echocardiographic coronary flow reserve (CFR) measurement.

Impacts of Chlorine 1-3 ıon channels on localized bladder neoplasms.

Bladder tumors occur more frequently in men than in women and are the fourth most common malignancy after prostate, lung, and colon cancers. In this study, we examined the expression of chlorine ion channel 1 and chlorine ion channel 3 in localized bladder tumors according to their stage. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study spanning from May 2018 to January 2020.

Concomitant amyloidosis is the primary cause of endothelial and coronary microvascular dysfunction in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Study Objectives: Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) show manifestations of arterial abnormalities, including carotid intimal thickening and increased vascular stiffness. As carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with amyloidosis, we hypothesized that previously observed abnormalities can largely be related with concomitant amyloidosis rather than CTS itself.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Adrenomedullin Levels During Ictal and Interictal Periods in Patients With Migraine.

Background Peptides related to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) have been suggested to have a role in migraine. Adrenomedullin (AM) might be a candidate molecule because it is related to pain pathways in the peripheral and central nervous systems and uses the same receptors as CGRP. Methodology In this study, we examined the serum CGRP and AM levels during unprovoked ictal and interictal periods of 30 migraine patients as well as 25 healthy controls.

The unrestricted global effort to complete the COOL trial.

Background: Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with negative peritoneal pressure therapy (NPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and attenuate the systemic damage from SCIAS, although there are definite risks of leaving the abdomen open whenever it might possibly be closed.

Evaluation of risk scores as predictors of mortality and hospital length of stay for older COVID-19 patients.

Objective: This study was intended to research the sensitivity of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), COVID-GRAM, and MuLBSTA risk scores for hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality in older patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: A total of 217 patients (119 women) were included in the study. The first clinical signs, comorbidities, laboratory and radiology findings, and hospital LOS were recorded for each patient.

Diagnosis of Testicular Torsion and Differentiation From Other Pathologies Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Objective: To develop a near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy device to diagnose testicular torsion with high sensitivity and specificity. Specifically, we aim to investigate the differentiation between testicular torsion from other pathologies such as orchidoepididymitis, varicocele, and hydrocele.

Methods: Two LEDs with wavelengths of 660 nm and 940 nm were used as light sources in the device.

Humoral and cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in pediatric kidney transplant recipients compared with dialysis patients and healthy children.

Background: Compared with the general population, the immune response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines is lower in adult kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). However, data is limited for pediatric KTRs. In this study, we aimed to assess humoral and cellular immune responses to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in pediatric KTRs.

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Brief Irritability Test.

Objective: Although irritability is a widely used term, it has no universal definition. Irritability is an emotional process that can be defined by a tendency to negative emotional states. No Turkish scale has been developed or adapted to measure irritability in adults.

Bone-Anchored Hearing Implants: Surgical and Audiological Comparison of Different Surgical Techniques.

 The bone-anchored hearing implant system (BAHS) is an effective amplification system that transmits the sounds received by an external operating system to the inner ear by bypassing the middle ear placed in the temporal bone.  This study compares the results of patients who underwent bone-anchored hearing implant system (BAHS) surgery using two different surgical methods in terms of preoperative and postoperative complications, surgical time, audiological findings, and patient satisfaction.  The results of 22 patients who underwent BAHS were evaluated retrospectively from video records and audiological results, The Turkish Version of the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) questionnaire were evaluated.

Perceived Risk of COVID-19 and Anxiety in Syrian Refugees in Turkey.

Pandemics are amongst the most destructive disasters to have afflicted humankind through history. These disasters entail a disproportionate effect on refugee populations, who are already in a state of high vulnerability. This study aims to assess the perception of risk of COVID-19 in the refugee populations in Turkey, in addition to evaluating anxiety levels during the pandemic.

Coronary flow velocity reserve is reduced in patients with an exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise.

Coronary artery disease and cardiovascular mortality are increased in patients with an exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise. The exact cause of this increase remains unknown, but previous studies have indicated the presence of endothelial dysfunction in peripheral arteries and subclinical atherosclerosis in these patients. The present study aimed to clarify whether coronary microvascular dysfunction is also present in patients with exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise.

Psychosocial problems and cognitive functions in children with spina bifida.

Objectives: This study aims to assess psychosocial functioning in relation to lesion level and ambulatory status in children with spina bifida (SB) and compare them to their peers.

Patients And Methods: Between March 2013 and May 2013, a total of 31 patients with SB (11 males, 20 females; mean age: 9.4 years; range, 6 to 14.

Assistant port is unnecessary for robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children: a comparative cohort study.

Objective: To compare the postoperative outcomes including the cosmetic results of robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) performed with and without assistant port in pediatric population.

Methods: 47 patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction consecutively underwent RALP were stratified as: three-port (Group 1, n = 26) and four-port (Group 2, n = 21). In Group 1, no assistant port was placed and double-J stent was introduced with the aid of an angiocatheter via the percutaneous route.

The Role of Oxidative Status in the Pathogenesis of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma, Pseudoexfolyation Syndrome and Glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant system in the etiopathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation and progression of pseudoexfoliation syndrome to glaucoma.

Material And Method: A total of 20 patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, 20 with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, 20 with primary open-angle glaucoma, and 20 without pseudoexfoliation and glaucoma as a control group, who underwent cataract or glaucoma surgery between December 2020 and March 2021 in the Health Sciences University Beyoğlu Eye Training and Research Hospital, 80 patients were included in the study. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure with applanation tonometry, detailed anterior and posterior segment examinations with biomicroscopy were performed in all patients included in the study.

Clinical follow-up of patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B infection: A long-term observational study.

Background And Aim: We aimed to analyze the demographic, laboratory, and clinical characteristics of patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B infection in tertiary care centers in Istanbul.

Materials And Methods: We conducted an observational cohort with ≥18-year-old patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B infection, who were followed up in three tertiary care centers in Istanbul between January 2000 and August 2018, were evaluated by reviewing electronic and recorded files. The Ethical Committee of Istanbul Medipol University approved this study (Protocol no: 10840098-604.

COVID-19 severity and SARS-Cov-2 vaccine safety in pemphigus patients.

There are safety concerns in the treatment of pemphigus patients with immunosuppressants, particularly rituximab (RTX), in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the beginning, the reports were more pessimistic. However, few reports have recently pointed to manageable courses in this patient group.