The association of microRNAs in the development of retinopathy of prematurity.

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the main reasons of preventable childhood blindness. In the development of ROP, MicroRNAs may be effective in the balance of factors that inhibit and activate angiogenic factors. We aimed to determine the changes in the blood levels of miR-146a, miR-143, miR-210, miR-21, miR-126, miR-211, miR-221, miR-106 and let 7f and to investigate their association with ROP.

Assessment of the changing trends in maternal knowledge about management of fever and antibiotic use in the last decade in Türkiye.

Background: The wrong attitudes of parents on fever create a basis for unnecessary drug use and increased workload. The study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes concerning fever and antibiotic use and demonstrate the changes in the last decade.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of two parts, and a total of 500 participants were included.

Optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug imaging of the iridocorneal angle following intravitreal injection of different medications: A longitudinal analysis.

Purpose: Intravitreal injection of medications induces a sudden increase in posterior segment volume and pushes iris plane anteriorly to narrow iridocorneal angle. The aim of this study to follow and define longitudinal course of these changes following intravitreal injection of 3 different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications or dexamethasone implant.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study included 89 eyes of 89 patients that had an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (n = 20) or ranibizumab (n = 26) or aflibercept (n = 22) or dexamethasone implant (n = 21).

A comprehensive enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography analysis of pseudoexfoliation spectrum from non-glaucomatous to advanced stage glaucoma in the aspect of Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width.

Purpose: To compare the correlations between lamina cribrosa (LC) and related structures with Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and different stages of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG).

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 32 PXS eyes of 24 patients and 94 PXG eyes (early-stage (n: 55) and advanced-stage glaucoma (n: 39) of 78 patients. Global and six sectors of RNFL thicknesses and BMO-MRW parameters were measured with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) mode of SD-OCT.

PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and TIGIT: The roles of immune checkpoint receptors on the regulation of human NK cell phenotype and functions.

The roles of immune checkpoint receptors were defined in many cancers and autoimmune diseases, while there is limited information on their functional roles in the NK cells of healthy individuals. Immune checkpoint receptor expression of NK cell subsets and their association with NK cell functions (cytotoxic capacity and cytokine production) in healthy population were investigated. PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3 and TIGIT expression of peripheral blood NK cells, cytokine levels (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10) and cytotoxic functions (granzyme A, perforin, CD107a; with/without K562 target cell stimulation) were evaluated by flow cytometry.

Long-term follow-up of choroidal changes following COVID-19 infection: analysis of choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index.

Objective: To investigate subclinical choroidal involvement in patients with systemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and evaluate its long-term course.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study included 32 eyes of 16 COVID-19 patients and 34 eyes of 17 age-matched healthy control subjects. All the participants had a detailed ophthalmologic assessment, including visual acuity assessment, slit-lamp examination, and indirect ophthalmoscopy.

Comparison of Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Non-oncoplastic Breast Conserving Surgery and Mastectomy in Early Breast Cancer: A Single Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Surgical procedures applied in the treatment of early breast cancer (EBC) to achieve satisfactory oncological results lie in a wide spectrum. There has been a major shift toward less-invasive treatments during the past decades. We compared the outcomes of oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS), non-oncoplastic breast conserving surgery (NBCS) and mastectomy in the treatment of EBC.

Does Sugammadex Suppress Allergic Inflammation Due to Rocuronium in Animal Model of Rat?

Introduction And Objectives: There are a few reports in the literature about the successful use of sugammadex in the treatment of hypersensitivity reactions caused by rocuronium; however, the pathophysiological mechanism is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the changes caused by rocuronium in the lung and the effect of sugammadex on these changes with biochemical, light microscopic and immunohistochemical parameters on a rat model.

Materials And Methods: For the study, 28-male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided, seven of each, into four groups.

Effects of balneological outpatient treatment on clinical parameters and serum cytokine levels in patients with chronic low back pain: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of balneological outpatient treatment (hydrotherapy and peloidotherapy) on clinical status and serum cytokine levels in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Seventy-four patients with CLBP who accepted to participate to the study were randomly divided into two groups. The study group was given ten sessions (in 2 weeks) of hydrotherapy, peloidotherapy, and home exercise, while the control group was given only home exercise.

Evaluation of biophysical skin parameters and hair changes in patients with acne vulgaris treated with isotretinoin, and the effect of biotin use on these parameters.

Aim: Impairment of biotin metabolism with the use of isotretinoin and the mucocutaneous side effects observed in patients using isotretinoin suggests that they are a result of decreased enzyme activity. We aimed to determine the pattern of skin and hair changes in patients with acne receiving isotretinoin and how these changes were affected by biotin added to the treatment.

Materials And Methods: Sixty patients were divided into two groups.

Subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in children and adolescents with asthma.

Background: There is close association between asthma and cardiovascular functions as both diseases share common inflammatory pathways. The current study was aimed at investigating the risk factors, associated with endothelial and cardiac functions in children with newly-diagnosed mild-persistent asthma.

Methods: A total of 33 steroid-naive asthmatic children [median(interquartile-range); 9.

Obesogenic Environment in Childhood: Implications of High Socioeconomic Level in a Developing Country.

Objective: Today, obesity in childhood is considered as an important health problem, especially in developed countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of obesity in children and to reveal the relationship between television watching habit, computer use and socioeconomic status in children.

Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in 11 public schools selected with random sampling in Istanbul.

Relationship between diabetic polyneuropathy, serum visfatin, and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Background: Diabetic polyneuropathy is a very common complication of diabetes. Numerous studies are available in terms of pathogenesis. But examination methods with low reliability are still not standardized and generally time consuming.

The association of dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis and inflammatory markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age characterized by irregular menstruation and hirsutism and is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Increased inflammatory response and oxidative stress may also present in these patients. In this study, we aimed to compare the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis (dTDH) between the patients with PCOS and healthy individuals and to investigate the correlation between these parameters and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with PCOS.

Chondroprotective effect of oil in the early stages of osteoarthritis: an experimental study in rabbits.

Purpose: oil possesses a well-known ability to protect certain organs from oxidative, neoplastic, and inflammatory damage. This study investigated the potential chondroprotective effects of intraarticular injections of oil in a rabbit osteoarthritis model.

Methods: Osteoarthritis models were created by performing anterior cruciate ligament transections in 20 New Zealand rabbits.

Comparison of the h-indices of the editorial board members of seven ophthalmic subspecialty journals.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the h-indices of the editorial board members of ophthalmic subspecialty journals.

Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Research.

Methods: Bibliometric indices were calculated for the editorial board members of seven ophthalmic subspecialty journals.

The Relationship between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Serum Interleukin-17a Level in Patients with Isolated Metabolic Syndrome.

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and serum IL-17A level insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients. This study enrolled a total of 160 subjects, of whom 80 were consecutive patients who applied to our outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, and the other 80 were consecutive patients who were part of the control group with similar age and demographics in whom the metabolic syndrome was excluded. The metabolic syndrome diagnosis was made according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-2005 criteria.

Functional outcomes and quality of life in adult ipsilateral femur and tibia fractures.

Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate the functional outcomes and quality of life in adult ipsilateral femur and tibia fractures.

Methods: 26 patients (21 male, 5 female; mean age 30 years, range: 18 to 66) treated for adult ipsilateral femur and tibia fractures were evaluated retrospectively. For femur fractures, intramedullary nails were used in 15 patients (12 antegrade, 3 retrograde), plate in 11 patients (10 locked-plate, and 1 blade-plate with a 95 degree angle).