The Role of Preoperative Urinalysis in Predicting Postoperative Infection After Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in Patients with Sterile Urine Culture.

Objective: Postoperative urinary tract infection is the most common complication of retrograde intrarenal surgery, and no consensus has been obtained that would reveal exact reasons yet. It was aimed to determine the possible factors, especially preoperative urinalysis, of postoperative urinary tract infection after retrograde intrarenal surgery.

Material And Methods: Patients who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery in our clinic between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively screened.

The Importance of DHEA-S Levels in Cushing's Syndrome; Is There a Cut-off Value in the Differential Diagnosis?

The purpose of this study was to determine possible cut-off levels of basal DHEA-S percentile rank in the differential diagnosis of patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) with ACTH levels in the gray zone and normal DHEA-S levels. In this retrospective study including 623 pathologically confirmed CS, the DHEA-S percentile rank was calculated in 389 patients with DHEA-S levels within reference interval. The patients were classified as group 1 (n=265 Cushing's disease; CD), group 2 (n=104 adrenal CS) and group 3 (n=20 ectopic ACTH syndrome).

Ovarian drilling down-regulates endometrial nuclear factor-κB p65 expression in women with PCOS: A prospective case-control study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) on the expression of endometrial NFκB p65 (Rel A) in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Materials And Methods: The study group comprised 25 normal-weight women with PCOS undergoing LOD and 14 control women without PCOS. Endometrial NF-κB p65 levels evaluated before and after LOD following immunohistochemical staining.

Increased clitoral artery pulsatility index and decreased sexual desire level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is claimed to effect the sexual desire, and recently, blood flow in the clitoral artery (CA) was measured by Doppler ultrasound (USG) examination and the level of sexual desire was objectively demonstrated by determining the pulsatility index (PI). In the present study, it was aimed to quantitatively determine the sexual desire levels in women with PCOS using Doppler USG and to compare the data with healthy women.

Material And Methods: The study included 71 patients diagnosed with PCOS and 78 healthy women who applied to our tertiary hospital gynecology clinics and for control purposes.

Quality of Life, Participation, and Functional Status in Cerebral Palsy: A 13-year Follow-up Study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the current status and changes in motor and functional status, participation, and quality of life of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) during the 13-year follow-up.

Methods: Data from the database were retrospectively analyzed, including comorbidities, mobility status, orthotic usage, and information about the rehabilitation program and follow-up. The EuroQol 5-Dimension 3-Level (EQ-5D-3L) was used to measure the health-related quality of life.

Pedobarographic Measurements of Rheumatoid Feet Compared with Clinical Parameters.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plantar pressure pedobarographic measurements and disease activity, radiological abnormalities, and foot indexes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Sociodemographics, foot symptoms, anatomical distribution, pain intensity and duration, and podiatry services access data were collected. Disease activity scale of 28 joints (DAS28) was used for the disease activity, and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was used for the functional status.

Did Hospital Admissions Caused by Respiratory Infections and Asthma Decrease During the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Objective: Despite maximum isolation measures taken during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the workload of health institutions has increased. Consequently, changes in the number of admissions in clinics and emergency departments by disease groups have been observed. We aimed to quantitatively investigate the changes in the frequency of respiratory infections and asthma in the pediatric population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Prognostic Nutritional Index Predicts Early Mortality in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.

Objective: The international prognostic index (IPI) and the revised IPI (R-IPI) are used to determine the prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, these scoring systems are insufficient to identify very high-risk patients. Recently, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) -calculated with lymphocyte count and albumin- has been used to determine the prognosis in DLBCL.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Functional Urology Practice: A Nationwide Survey From Turkey.

Objective: Routine urology practice has changed with the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. We aim to determine the urologists' functional urology practice during the pandemic by an online questionnaire.

Methods: An online questionnaire was conducted to assess the functional urology practice of Turkish urologists' during the pandemic.

Survival in rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: An international, multicenter ID-IRI study.

Background: Mucormycosis is an emerging aggressive mold infection. This study aimed to assess the outcome of hospitalized adults with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). The secondary objective was to identify prognostic factors in this setting.

Solitary facial lesion of orf: An unusual presentation.

Orf, ecthyma contagiosum, is a zoonotic viral infectious disease caused by parapoxvirus that affects particularly sheep and goats. Human may be infected with direct contact with contagious animals or by handling contaminated animal products. Lesions are localized mostly on the hands and fingers, but atypical localizations such as head or face have been rarely reported.

Mycobiome in the Middle Ear Cavity with and Without Otitis Media with Effusion.

Objective: No data have yet been published revealing the composition and the diversity of fungal communities (mycobiome) in the human middle ear cavity. The presented study investigated the mycobiome in the middle ear cavities of individuals with healthy middle ears and patients with otitis media with effusion.

Methods: A total of 77 middle ear and four adenoid samples were collected from 47 individuals (35 children and 12 adults) in Group 1 and from 20 children in Group 2.

Auricular anthropometric growth study in individuals with trisomy 21.

In this study, we aimed to measure the auricle dimensions of individuals with Down syndrome, which are known to have different anomalies, and to evaluate the auricle development from birth. A total of 18 groups were formed, consisting of individuals from the neonatal period to age 18 years. Additionally, individuals older than 18 years old were added as an adult group (19 groups in total).

Castleman Disease: A Multicenter Case Series from Turkey.

Objective: Castleman disease (CD) is a rare disease also known as angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia. The two main histological subtypes are the hyaline vascular and plasma cell variants. It is further classified as unicentric CD (UCD) or multicentric CD (MCD) according to the anatomical distribution of the disease and the number of lymph nodes involved.

A rare cause of idiopathic right outflow tract premature ventricular contraction: Type-4 renal tubular acidosis.

The premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) have usually good prognosis in patients without structural heart disease. In case of left ventricular ejection fraction depression or symptoms, antiarrhythmic drugs or cardiac ablations could be an option for management. We present a case of a patient with high burden of PVC admitted for cardiac ablation.

Prenatal diagnosis and management of fetal supraventricular tachyarrhythmia and postnatal outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to describe a single institutional experience managing tachyarrhythmic fetuses, to investigate the underlying pathological findings and to evaluate the postnatal follow-up results.

Method: This retrospective study included 24 fetuses, treated and followed up with the diagnosis of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia between January 2014 and July 2020. Fetal tachyarrhythmia was evaluated by M mode and Doppler ultrasound.

Does COVID-19 have an impact on hearing?

Backgrounds: SARS-CoV-2 is known to be a neurotrophic virus. However, the effect of this virus on the hearing system is still uncertain.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the possible effect of COVID-19 on hearing.

Low levels of soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) is a large transmembrane receptor. LRP-1 plays a role in diverse cellular processes, including lipid metabolism, cell growth, migration, and regeneration. Soluble form of LRP-1 (sLRP-1) can be detected in serum.

Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 Beta Mutation-associated Newborn Onset of Glomerulocystic Kidney Disease: A Case Presentation.

Mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 beta () are the most commonly identified genetic cause of renal malformations. Heterozygous mutations are associated with renal cysts and diabetes syndrome. Various renal developmental abnormalities and maturity-onset diabetes of the young could be the presenting factors of these mutations.

The Science of Disaster Medicine: From Response to Risk Reduction.

The scientific advancement of the disaster medicine concept started approximately five decades ago. Different disciplines, such as public health, emergency health services, emergency medicine, and military medicine, work within the disaster medicine framework. Disaster medicine aimed to ensure that health services and facilities are operational both in the pre- and post-disaster periods to prevent and reduce the negative health circumstances of the society facing disaster risks.

Assessment of the Nutritional Status, Bone Mineralization, and Anthropometrics of Children with Thalassemia Major.

Objective: Children with thalassemia major (TM) are prone to growth failure and micronutrient deficiency. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate nutritional status, anthropometrics, and bone mineralization defects in patients with regular blood transfusion.

Methods: Data obtained were analyzed by evaluating laboratory tests, anthropometric measures, and bone mineral density.

The Clinical Impact of Tumor Grade Heterogeneity in Non-muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the oncological outcomes of mixed-grade tumors by comparing them with pure low-grade and high-grade tumors.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the histological grade of their tumors: low-grade, mixed-grade, and high-grade.

The Relation Between the Metopic Suture Persistence and Frontal Sinus Volume and Olfactory Fossa Depth: A Reliability Study with Semiautomatic Volume Measurement.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship of the persistence of metopic suture (PMS), frontal sinus volume (FSV), and olfactory fossa depth (OFD).

Methods: Tomography scans of 1,603 patients aged 18-65 years were evaluated for the presence of PMS. In the study, 74 PMS cases and 74 controls were included.

Postoperative Radiologic Assessment and Long-Term Clinical Results of Tegmen Mastoideum Defects.

Objective: Tegmen defects occur mainly due to cholesteatoma and iatrogenic trauma, and the intervention for the related defects is still a debate. In this study, we aimed to discuss our clinical experience on the management of the tegmen defects which were revealed during the mastoidectomy surgeries.

Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective chart review study and patients who were operated between 2007-2017 were included.

Outcomes of Cessation of Antiviral Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Data on the efficacy and duration of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) therapies to prevent the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients are scarce and heterogeneous. This study aimed to summarize the clinical and laboratory results of the patients with CHB infection who discontinued oral antiviral therapy.

Methods: A single-centered cohort study was conducted with CHB infection.