27 results match your criteria: "Meconium Plug Syndrome Imaging"

Background Anatomical abnormalities leading to bowel movement failure are the major cause of intestinal obstruction. This study was done to assess the diagnostic efficacy of contrast enema in neonates with lower intestinal obstruction. Methodology This prospective study was conducted in The Children's Hospital and University of Child Health Sciences, Lahore from February 2021 to July 2021.

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Gastrointestinal Emergency in Neonates and Infants: A Pictorial Essay.

Korean J Radiol

January 2022

Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Article Synopsis
  • Gastrointestinal emergencies in neonates and infants can arise from both congenital and acquired conditions, affecting the entire GI tract.
  • Due to the overlap in symptoms, imaging is crucial for accurate diagnosis while minimizing radiation exposure and costs.
  • The paper outlines key radiological findings in both upper and lower GI emergencies, including conditions like esophageal atresia, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, and necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Optimum therapeutic strategy for meconium-related ileus in very-low-birth-weight infants.

J Pediatr Surg

July 2021

Second Department of Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • A study aimed to determine the best treatment for meconium-related ileus (MRI) in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWs) was conducted, analyzing 42 cases from 2009 to 2019.
  • Two groups of infants were formed based on the regurgitation of Gastrografin during enema treatment: Group A, where regurgitation occurred and all infants excreted meconium without needing surgery, and Group B, where regurgitation did not occur, leading to a higher rate of surgeries.
  • The findings suggest that early therapeutic diagnosis using Gastrografin enemas, followed by surgical intervention when necessary, is the optimal approach for treating MRI in VLBWs.
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Bedside upper gastrointestinal series in the neonatal intensive care unit.

BMC Pediatr

February 2021

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.

Background: In neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients with intubation status, fluoroscopic evaluation for the bowel is limited. This study was to evaluate the utility of bedside upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series with delayed radiographs (DR) for assessing duodenojejunal junction (DJJ) and small bowel passage in NICU patients with nonspecific bowel ultrasonography and contrast enema findings.

Methods: We reviewed clinical and imaging data for bedside UGI with DR of NICU patients from 2014 to 2019.

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Ultrasound-guided lung lavage for life-threatening bronchial obstruction due to meconium plug.

J Clin Ultrasound

May 2021

Division of Paediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center "A. Béclère", Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, Paris, France.

Article Synopsis
  • A case study reveals a serious airway blockage in a newborn due to meconium aspiration, which can lead to high rates of death and health complications.
  • Lung ultrasound was effective in identifying the obstruction and becoming part of the treatment strategy.
  • This technique facilitated a fast and targeted procedure called bronchoalveolar lavage with diluted surfactant, aiding in the newborn's recovery.
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Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to critically appraise and compare the diagnostic performance of imaging modalities that are used for the diagnosis of upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract obstruction in neonates and infants.

Methods: A focused clinical question was constructed and the literature was searched using the patient, intervention, comparison, outcome method comparing radiography, upper GI contrast study, and ultrasound in the detection of upper GI tract obstruction such as duodenal atresia and stenosis, jejunal and ileal atresia, and malrotation and volvulus. The same methods were used to compare radiography and contrast enema in the detection of lower GI tract obstruction such as meconium plug syndrome, meconium ileus, Hirschsprung disease, and imperforate anus.

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Small left colon syndrome in 3 sisters.

J Pediatr Surg

September 2020

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France.

Neonatal small left colon syndrome is a rare cause of bowel obstruction. Its etiology remains unknown, but a significant association has been noted between maternal diabetes and small left colon. No reported cases within the same family could be found in the literature, excepting 2 sets of twins.

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Background: When abdominal distention occurs or bowel obstruction is suspected in the neonatal period, a water-soluble contrast enema is helpful for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The water-soluble contrast medium is evacuated through the anus as well as excreted via the kidneys in some babies. This study was designed to evaluate the incidence of renal excretion after enemas using water-soluble contrast media and presume the causes.

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US assessment of neonatal bowel (necrotizing enterocolitis excluded).

Pediatr Radiol

January 2012

Department of Pediatric Radiology, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, Avenue du doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.

US plays a main role in evaluating neonatal gastrointestinal disorders. The authors describe the US appearance of normal neonatal bowel, midgut volvulus, small bowel atresia, meconium ileus, meconium peritonitis, different meconium plug syndromes, Hirschsprung disease, intestinal duplication cysts, some other abdominal cysts, some intraperitoneal infections, excluding necrotizing enterocolitis, and anorectal anomalies. The use of sonography in the imaging diagnostic strategies of these congenital and acquired anomalies is emphasized.

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Background: Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of meconium obstruction in extremely low birth weight neonates are still not well established.

Methods: All low-birth-weight infants presenting with meconium obstruction over a 5-year period were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with meconium plug syndrome or cystic fibrosis were excluded.

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A case series of gastrointestinal abnormalities in fetuses with echogenic bowel detected during the antenatal period.

Ann Acad Med Singap

September 2003

Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 229899.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the incidence of gastrointestinal abnormalities amongst those fetuses with antenatally diagnosed echogenic bowel (EB).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of all cases delivered from April 2002 to March 2003 with antenatally diagnosed EB was conducted. This was defined as bowel that appeared as echogenic as (if not greater than) the iliac bone on a real-time image.

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Timely passage of the first stool is a hallmark of the well-being of the newborn infant. Failure of a full-term newborn to pass meconium in the first 24 hours may signal intestinal obstruction. Lower intestinal obstruction may be associated with disorders such as Hirschsprung's disease, anorectal malformations, meconium plug syndrome, small left colon syndrome, hypoganglionosis, neuronal intestinal dysplasia and megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome.

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Intestinal obstruction in the newborn infant may be due to a variety of conditions, including atresia and stenosis, annular pancreas, malrotation, duplication cyst, meconium ileus, meconium plug syndrome and neonatal small left colon syndrome, and Hirschsprung's disease. Neonates with unrecognised intestinal obstruction deteriorate rapidly, show an increase of associated morbidity and appropriate surgical treatment becomes more hazardous. Early diagnosis depends largely on the prompt detection of obstructive manifestations by the clinician and the subsequent accurate interpretation of radiographic findings by the radiologist.

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[Intestinal emergencies in newborn infants].

Radiologe

June 1997

Röntgen- und Schallabteilung, Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Mainz.

Imaging plays a major role in most neonatal gastrointestinal emergencies. The role may vary from helping to establish a diagnosis, to the evaluation of associated abnormalities, to surgical planning, or to therapy for some conditions like meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome. Plain radiographs and ultrasound serve a primary imaging modalities with bowel contrast examinations, CT scan, and MR imaging playing roles in more complex cases.

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Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white populations, is characterized by dysfunctional chloride ion transport across epithelial surfaces. Although recurrent pulmonary infections and pulmonary insufficiency are the principal causes of morbidity and death, gastrointestinal symptoms commonly precede the pulmonary findings and may suggest the diagnosis in infants and young children. The protean gastrointestinal manifestations of CF result primarily from abnormally viscous luminal secretions within hollow viscera and the ducts of solid organs.

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Emergency gastrointestinal radiology of the newborn.

Radiol Clin North Am

July 1996

Section of Pediatric Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Missouri 63110, USA.

Imaging plays a major role in most neonatal gastrointestinal emergencies. The role may vary from helping to establish a diagnosis, to the evaluation of associated abnormalities, to surgical planning, or to therapy for some conditions like meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome. Plain radiographs and bowel contrast examinations serve as primary imaging modalities with ultrasound, CT scan, and MR imaging playing roles in more complex cases.

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Plain film diagnosis in meconium plug syndrome, meconium ileus and neonatal Hirschsprung's disease. A scoring system.

Pediatr Radiol

June 1992

Department of Pediatric Radiology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Abdominal plain films of 133 neonates, with 82 cases of meconium plug syndrome (MPS), 27 cases of meconium ileus (MI) and 24 cases of neonatal Hirschsprung's disease (HD), were reviewed to assess the value of such radiographs for diagnosis. The radiographs were examined according to a list of 11 parameters. By using multivariate discriminant analysis, it appeared that 4 parameters i.

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Two cases are reported of patients in the third trimester of pregnancy in whom routine ultrasound examination revealed progressive dilatation of the fetal intestines. Intestinal obstruction was suspected and amniocentesis as well as amniography with Urografin were done. In both cases a regression in dilatation of bowel was noted on ultrasonography.

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A small left colon has been observed in neonates due to several causes: aganglionosis, meconium plug, and neonatal small left colon syndrome. We report a case of small left colon in an infant with cystic fibrosis, underscoring the need to consider this disease in the diagnostic work up.

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To determine the relative accuracy of the various radiologic signs of Hirschsprung disease (HD), we retrospectively reviewed both radiographs obtained after a barium enema and the medical records of 62 children who had surgery to prove or exclude the diagnosis of HD. The visualization of a rectosigmoid transition zone was highly predictive of HD, but nonvisualization did not rule out HD. A false positive transition zone at the splenic flexure was seen in four neonates who had small left colon syndrome rather than HD.

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Two neonates with clinical features of meconium plug syndrome (MPS) were found to have ileocolic intussusception associated with meconium plugs inspissated in the distal ileum. Hydrostatic reduction of the intussusception relieved the intestinal obstruction. Cystic fibrosis was excluded by sweat test and follow-up.

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The meconium plug syndrome (MPS) is a common cause of low intestinal obstruction in newborn infants. Usually, it is benign and not associated with other intestinal dysfunction. We describe the cases of three infants in whom there was intestinal obstruction consistent with the MPS and in which cystic fibrosis (CF) was later documented.

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Neonatal small left colon syndrome is a cause of functional colon obstruction in newborn infants, with a high association of maternal diabetes. There has been much confusion regarding its relationship to meconium plug syndrome and aganglionosis. Six cases of aganglionosis (2 in infants of diabetic mothers) were encountered in which the radiographic findings were identical to small left colon syndrome, indicating the need for caution in dismissing aganglionosis solely on the basis of a small left colon seen radiographically in a newborn infant with colon obstruction.

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