Nutrition Interventions to Improve the Military Nutrition Environment Positively Impacts Service Members.

Introduction: This systematic review examines dietary interventions in the military nutrition environment (MNE) to support the health and performance of service members (SM).

Methods: Articles that implemented a dietary intervention for active duty SMs on military installations were included in this analysis (from 2010 to 2013). Of the 723 articles yielded in screening through Covidence, 6 studies qualified to be included in this review.

Statin Use With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Survival in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: To determine the association between concurrent statin use with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and lung cancer-specific and overall mortality in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: SEER-Medicare was used to conduct a retrospective study of Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years of age diagnosed with NSCLC between 2007 and 2017 treated with an ICI. Patients were followed from date of first ICI claim until death, 1 month from last ICI claim, or 12/31/2018, whichever came first.

Development of TAR-200: A novel targeted releasing system designed to provide sustained delivery of gemcitabine for patients with bladder cancer.

Treatment options for recurrent high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are limited, highlighting a need for clinically effective, accessible, and better-tolerated alternatives. In this review we examine the clinical development program of TAR-200, a novel targeted releasing system designed to provide sustained intravesical delivery of gemcitabine to address the needs of patients with NMIBC and of those with MIBC. We describe the concept and design of TAR-200 and the clinical development of this gemcitabine intravesical system in the SunRISe portfolio of studies.

Association between delirium severity and prognosis following Transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Delirium is associated with patient prognosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, the prognostic impact of subsyndromal delirium, described as an intermediate stage between delirium and normal cognition, is uncertain. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of delirium severity in patients undergoing TAVI.

Analytical Validation of the Labcorp Plasma Complete Test, a Cell-free DNA Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Tool for Precision Oncology.

To help guide treatment decisions and clinical trial matching, tumor genomic profiling is an essential precision oncology tool. Liquid biopsy, a complementary approach to tissue testing, can assess tumor-specific DNA alterations circulating in the blood. Labcorp Plasma Complete is a next-generation sequencing, cell-free DNA comprehensive genomic profiling test that identifies clinically relevant somatic variants across 521 genes in advanced and metastatic solid cancers.

Inverse dose protraction effects of high-LET radiation: evidence and significance.

Biological effects of ionizing radiation vary with radiation quality, which is often expressed as the amount of energy deposited per unit length, i.e., linear energy transfer (LET).

Nitroglycerine for retained placenta: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of nitroglycerine on placenta delivery after retained placenta DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, PROSPERO, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, EMBASE, Sciencedirect, the Cochrane Library, Scielo were searched from their inception until February 2024.

Eligibility Criteria For Selecting Studies: We included all randomized clinical trials comparing use of nitroglycerine (i.

Endothelial cell (EC)-specific CTGF/CCN2 Expression Increases EC Reprogramming and Atherosclerosis.

Arterial endothelial cells (ECs) reside in a complex biomechanical environment. ECs sense and respond to wall shear stress. Low and oscillatory wall shear stress is characteristic of disturbed flow and commonly found at arterial bifurcations and around atherosclerotic plaques.

Social associations across species during nocturnal bird migration.

An emerging frontier in ecology explores how organisms integrate social information into movement behavior and the extent to which information exchange occurs across species boundaries. Most migratory landbirds are thought to undertake nocturnal migratory flights independently, guided by endogenous programs and individual experience. Little research has addressed the potential for social information exchange aloft during nocturnal migration, but social influences that aid navigation, orientation, or survival could be valuable during high-risk migration periods.

Longitudinal single-cell profiles of lung regeneration after viral infection reveal persistent injury-associated cell states.

Functional regeneration of the lung's gas exchange surface following injury requires the coordination of a complex series of cell behaviors within the alveolar niche. Using single-cell transcriptomics combined with lineage tracing of proliferating progenitors, we examined mouse lung regeneration after influenza injury, demonstrating an asynchronously phased response across different cellular compartments. This longitudinal atlas of injury responses has produced a catalog of transient and persistent transcriptional alterations in cells as they transit across axes of differentiation.

CDK2 activity crosstalk on the ERK kinase translocation reporter can be resolved computationally.

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway integrates growth factor signaling through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) to control cell proliferation. To study ERK dynamics, many researchers use an ERK activity kinase translocation reporter (KTR). Our study reveals that this ERK KTR also partially senses cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity, making it appear as if ERK activity rises as cells progress through the cell cycle.

Relative abundance of atropisomer pairs in metolachlor metabolites, MESA and MOXA, vary with slope and hydric soils in subwatersheds of the Choptank River watershed, Maryland.

Metolachlor is the most heavily used member of acetanilide herbicides, which are noted for forming highly soluble metabolites in root zone soils soon after field application. The two primary metabolites of metolachlor, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (MESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (MOXA), retain the same chiral chemistry as their source and are important tracers of nitrate loading from agricultural cropland. New analytical methods for separating the isomers of MESA and MOXA, enable studies assessing changes in the abundance of atropisomer pairs of the carbon chiral enantiomers in environmental samples.

Mangrove-based carbon market projects: What stakeholders need to address during pre-feasibility assessment.

Mangrove-based carbon market projects (MbCMP) aim to conserve, protect and restore mangrove habitats in order to generate high quality blue carbon credits via a crediting program, as a contribution to climate change mitigation/adaptation, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services provision and local socio-economic development. The blue carbon credits generated are transferable, verifiable and sold through carbon markets to earn additional income for governments and local communities. The main aim of the paper is to provide important considerations for pre-field planning, that is, how challenges associated with fieldwork, project implementation, and monitoring reporting and verification (MRV) can be addressed with proper pre-field planning.

Predictors of mortality among sepsis patients transferred from a rural, low-volume ED to an urban, high-volume hospital.

Introduction: We investigated the extent to which demographic characteristics, clinical care aspects, and relevant biomarkers predicted sepsis-related mortality among patients transferred from a rural, low-volume emergency department (ED) to an urban, high-volume, level-2 trauma center.

Methods: We conducted an observational study among adult severe sepsis patients (N = 242) who, within a community-based regional healthcare system, presented to one of the four rural, low-volume EDs and were subsequently transferred to the urban, high-volume, level-2 trauma center, and were identified as septic at either location. We evaluated in-hospital and 30 days after discharge mortality.

Association between homelessness and PrEP uptake among men who have sex with men: Results from the American Men's Internet Survey, 2017-2021.

Background: Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are disproportionately affected by housing insecurity across the US. This study examined the association between homelessness and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among GBMSM in the United States and investigated the modifying effect of injection drug use.

Methods: 47,750 cisgender GBMSM who participated in the American Men's Internet Survey from 2017 to 2021 and who self-reported not living with HIV were included in this secondary, cross-sectional analysis.

Pain severity contributes to worse outcomes in opioid use disorder recovery than pain status.

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) continues to pose a significant challenge to public health in the United States. Chronic pain and OUD are highly comorbid conditions, yet few studies have examined the relative associations of pain status and severity toward multidimensional OUD recovery outcomes (e.g.

Solvent Mediated Interfacial Microenvironment Design for High-Performance Electrochemical CO Reduction to C Products.

Electrochemical CO reduction (CORR) in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) represents a viable strategy for converting CO into value-added multi-carbon (C) compounds. Therefore, the microstructure of the catalyst layer (CL) affects local gas transport, charge conduction, and proton supply at three-phase interfaces, which is significantly determined by the solvent environment. However, the microenvironment of the CLs and the mechanism of the solvent effect on C selectivity remains elusive.

Preoperative intravenous versus oral iron supplementation for elective surgery: evidence based on 12 randomized trials.

Aim: This study aims to clarify hematological parameters, transfusion requirements, and adverse events of preoperative intravenous (IVIS) versus oral iron supplementation (OIS) in elective surgery patients.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases up to 10 December 2023. Twelve RCTs involving 930 participants met our eligibility criteria.

Mechanisms Underlying the Size-Dependent Neurotoxicity of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Zebrafish.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are ubiquitous in the environment, posing significant threats to biological systems, including nervous systems, across various trophic levels. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms behind the size-dependent neurotoxicity of NPs remain unclear. Here, we investigated the neurotoxicity of 20 and 100 nm polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) to zebrafish.

Discovery of a heparan sulfate binding domain in monkeypox virus H3 as an anti-poxviral drug target combining AI and MD simulations.

Viral adhesion to host cells is a critical step in infection for many viruses, including monkeypox virus (MPXV). In MPXV, the H3 protein mediates viral adhesion through its interaction with heparan sulfate (HS), yet the structural details of this interaction have remained elusive. Using AI-based structural prediction tools and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identified a novel, positively charged α-helical domain in H3 that is essential for HS binding.

Target-agnostic identification of human antibodies to sexual forms reveals cross-stage recognition of glutamate-rich repeats.

Circulating sexual stages of ) can be transmitted from humans to mosquitoes, thereby furthering the spread of malaria in the population. It is well established that antibodies can efficiently block parasite transmission. In search for naturally acquired antibodies targets on sexual stages, we established an efficient method for target-agnostic single B cell activation followed by high-throughput selection of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reactive to sexual stages of in the form of gametes and gametocyte extracts.

Knowledge of Mandatory Reporting Laws and Recording of Clients' Abuse Data: Effects of a Sexual Health Curriculum Training for Health Students in Tanzania.

Tanzania mandated reporting laws aim to identify and address child abuse, yet healthcare students' awareness and reporting are limited. This study assessed training's impact on their knowledge of reporting laws and handling confidential child abuse data. The study involved 412 medical and nursing students in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), with 206 participants receiving sexual health training and a waitlist control group of equal size receiving no intervention.

Development and Evaluation of an Automated Multimodal Mobile Detection of Oral Cancer (mDOC) Imaging System to Aid in Risk-based Management of Oral Mucosal Lesions.

Oral cancer is a major global health problem. It is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage although often preceded by clinically visible oral mucosal lesions, termed oral potentially malignant disorders associated with an increased risk for oral cancer development. There is an unmet clinical need for effective screening tools to assist front-line healthcare providers to determine which patients should be referred to an oral cancer specialist for evaluation.