Eighty years of national mental health policy: Exploring the inclusion of a human rights approach.

Mental health, historically framed as the mere absence of mental health disorders, has led to unequal treatment, resulting in more persons living with mental health challenges. This limited framing of mental health, often woven into policy and practices across a broad range of governance structures, programs, and services, has led to individual and collective discrimination and structural and systemic inequities, culminating in the infringement of fundamental human rights. Using a broader framework for viewing mental health (e.

Characterizing Sex Ratios of American Eels ( ) in Louisiana.

The American eel ( inhabits Louisiana waterways; however, little is known about their life history, population abundance, or behavior. Eels under 400 mm require histologic evaluation to determine sex. We have processed eel gonad samples from 40 sampling locations across Louisiana, as well as across size categories to aid in establishing a sex determination protocol.

Density functional theory study of the structure, stability, magnetic properties, and (hyper)polarizability of (sub-nm) rare-earth (RE) doped gold clusters: Au5RE with RE = Sc, Y, La-Lu.

Rare-earth doped materials are of immense interest for their potential applications in linear and nonlinear photonics. There is also intense interest in sub-nanometer gold clusters due to their enhanced stability and unique optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties. To leverage their emergent properties, here we report a systematic study of the geometries, stability, electronic, magnetic, and linear and nonlinear optical properties of Au5RE (RE = Sc, Y, La-Lu) clusters using density-functional theory.

Morphological and Ontogenetic Skin Color Changes in the American Alligator ().

To assess skin color change in alligators, we maintained animals in differently lighted environments and also measured skin colors in an ontogenetic series of wild animals. Juvenile alligators maintained in black enclosures exhibited a gradual lightening of skin color when shifted to white enclosures, and these observed changes were reversible. A histological examination of the skins of alligators maintained in dark tanks showed that the dermis exhibited a dense layer of pigmented cells, while samples from the same animals in light environments exhibited a more diffuse pigmented layer.

How ICP-OES changed the face of trace element analysis: Review of the global application landscape.

The 50th anniversary of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) will be observed in 2024. ICP-OES was first commercially available in 1974, and since then, it has become one of the most widely used analytical techniques in the world. ICP-OES is a powerful tool for the determination of trace and ultratrace elemental concentrations in a wide variety of samples specifically for multielement analysis.

A modified rule of three for the one-sided binomial confidence interval.

Consider the one-sided binomial confidence interval containing the unknown parameter when all trials are successful, and the significance level to be five or one percent. We develop two functions (one for each level) that represent approximations within of the exact lower-bound = . Both the exponential (referred to as a modified rule of three) and the logarithmic function are shown to outperform the standard rule of three ≃ 1 - 3/ over each of their respective ranges, that together encompass all sample sizes ≥ 1.

Limited gene flow and pronounced population genetic structure of Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) in a Midwestern prairie remnant.

As anthropogenic changes continue to ecologically stress wildlife, obtaining measures of gene flow and genetic diversity are crucial for evaluating population trends and considering management and conservation strategies for small, imperiled populations. In our study, we conducted a molecular assessment to expand on previous work to elucidate patterns of diversity and connectivity in the remaining disjunct Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus) hibernacula in Illinois. We assayed genetic data for 327 samples collected during 1999-2015 from the Carlyle Lake study area across 21 microsatellite loci.

INNATE IMMUNE FUNCTION IN LAKE ERIE WATERSNAKES (NERODIA SIPEDON INSULARUM) WITH OPHIDIOMYCOSIS.

Ophidiomycosis, caused by the fungus Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, poses a threat to the health of wild and managed snakes worldwide. Variation in snake innate immunity, the primary defense against infection in reptiles, may explain the observed variation in ophidiomycosis clinical disease severity among snakes. In this study, two components of the innate immune response were examined in snake plasma.

Obesity and Psychiatric Disorders.

Many psychiatric disorders are associated with obesity and include mood disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, binge eating disorders, trauma, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. According to National Obesity Observatory, there is evidence that both obesity and mental health disorders take up a significant portion of the global burden of disease. The bidirectional nature of obesity and mental illness indicates the importance of screening all persons being treated for either obesity or mental illnesses be screened for the other.

Trapping of H in aluminum hydride, AlH.

Ever since our first experimental and computational identification of AlH as a boron analog [X. Li et al., Science 315, 356 (2007)], studies on aluminum hydrides unveiled a richer pattern of structural motifs.

If you want to develop an effective autism training, ask autistic students to help you.

Autistic university students are often left out because people do not understand autism. We wanted to help people understand autism. Most autism trainings are not made by autistic people.

Ligated aluminum cluster anions, LAl ( = 1-14, L = N[Si(Me)]).

A wide range of low oxidation state aluminum-containing cluster anions, LAln- (n = 1-14, L = N[Si(Me)3]2), were produced via reactions between aluminum cluster anions and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). These clusters were identified by mass spectrometry, with a few of them (n = 4, 6, and 7) further characterized by a synergy of anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. As compared to a previously reported method which reacts anionic aluminum hydrides with ligands, the direct reactions between aluminum cluster anions and ligands promise a more general synthetic scheme for preparing low oxidation state, ligated aluminum clusters over a large size range.

Effect of hybrid rice varieties on growth and development of broilers and ducks.

Three experiments (Exp. 1,  = 144 broilers [Ross × Ross]; Exp. 2,  = 118 mallard ducklings []; and Exp.

Alzheimer's disease and gut microbiota: does trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) play a role?

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects memory and cognitive function. Clinical evidence has put into question our current understanding of AD development, propelling researchers to look into further avenues. Gut microbiota has emerged as a potential player in AD pathophysiology.

Plasma complement activation mechanisms differ in ornate (Terrapene ornata ornata) and eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina).

Eastern (Terrapene carolina carolina) and ornate (Terrapene ornata ornata) box turtles have robust plasma antibacterial activity, however, the mechanism behind this activity is unknown. We used sheep red blood cell (SRBC) hemolysis assays, mannan-affinity chromatography, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) to explore the mechanisms of complement activity in box turtles. Plasma from both species demonstrated volume, time, and temperature-dependent SRBC hemolysis, with significantly greater hemolytic activity in ornate box turtle plasma.

The relationship among BSN students' employment, educational, and health-related characteristics and semester grades: A multi-site study.

Background: While many nursing students work during clinical semesters, little is known about employment characteristics and relationships among employment, academic success and other variables.

Purpose: To describe the demographic, educational, and health-related characteristics of clinical nursing students and the relationships among employment, semester grades and other characteristics.

Method: Descriptive, correlational.

The Human Side of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial moral agents raise complex ethical questions both in terms of the potential decisions they may make as well as the inputs that create their cognitive architecture. There are multiple differences between human and artificial cognition which create potential barriers for artificial moral agency, at least as understood anthropocentrically and it is unclear that artificial moral agents should emulate human cognition and decision-making. It is conceptually possible for artificial moral agency to emerge that reflects alternative ethical methodologies without creating ontological challenges or existential crises for human moral agents.

What Contributes to Stigma Towards Autistic University Students and Students with Other Diagnoses?

Little remains known about the degree to which autistic university students are stigmatized relative to students with other diagnoses. We conducted an online survey with students in New York City (n = 633) and Beirut (n = 274). Students with diagnoses that were perceived as dangerous (e.

Microbial Assemblage Dynamics Within the American Alligator Nesting Ecosystem: a Comparative Approach Across Ecological Scales.

Understanding the ecological processes that shape species assemblage patterns is central to community ecology. The effects of ecological processes on assemblage patterns are scale-dependent. We used metabarcoding and shotgun sequencing to determine bacterial taxonomic and functional assemblage patterns among varying defined focal scales (micro-, meso-, and macroscale) within the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) nesting microbiome.