What should be publicly funded in the Colombian health system? A mixed methods study of citizens' perceptions.

Background: In recent years, citizens have become more interested and willing to influence health policy decision-making, and governments worldwide are more prone to citizen engagement in such processes. Prioritising which health technologies should be publicly funded is one decision that requires prudence and consideration of the values and expectations of the people who will be affected by it.

Objective: To identify and understand the citizens' perceptions about which health technologies should be publicly funded in Colombia.

High-intensive physical rehabilitation approach in children and adolescents with acquired brain injury during subacute phase (REHABILITY): a feasibility study protocol.

Introduction: While principles of neuroplasticity and motor learning emphasise the potential of high dosage of physical rehabilitation in children and adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) during the subacute phase, we lack empirical evidence to demonstrate its impact in terms of meaningful outcomes. Clinical research is needed to investigate adequate dosage of physical rehabilitation and its effects on outcomes with reliable and validated outcome measurements. In this study we will investigate the feasibility of a highly intensive physical rehabilitation intervention and outcomes with reliable and valid outcome measurements.

Global linear accelerator requirements and personalised country recommendations: a cross-sectional, population-based study.

Background: The Linear Accelerator Shortage Index (LSI) is a practical tool for prioritising the deployment of linear accelerators (LINACs) in various regions within a country. The LSI reflects the ratio of LINAC demand to current availability. The aim of this study was to use the LSI to predict global LINAC needs and classify countries according to the degree of radiotherapy shortage (LINAC shortage grade).

The Impact of Electrophysiological Diversity on Pattern Completion in Lithium Nonresponsive Bipolar Disorder: A Computational Modeling Approach.

Introduction: Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) demonstrate episodic memory deficits, which may be hippocampal-dependent and may be attenuated in lithium responders. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CA3 pyramidal cell-like neurons show significant hyperexcitability in lithium-responsive BD patients, while lithium nonresponders show marked variance in hyperexcitability. We hypothesize that this variable excitability will impair episodic memory recall, as assessed by cued retrieval (pattern completion) within a computational model of the hippocampal CA3.

Patient Perspectives of "Failure" in Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Literature: Points de vue des patients sur les «échecs» de la reconstruction mammaire: Revue systématique des publications sur l'aspect qualitatif.

The concept of in breast reconstruction can occur when negative outcomes dominate the patient experience. The primary objective of this review was to identify experiences of in breast reconstruction from the patient's perspective in the qualitative literature. MEDLINE, Embase, Psychinfo, Emcare, and CINAHL were searched on July 31, 2023 using terms related to breast reconstruction and qualitative research.

adapted to steppe-desert climate extremes one million years ago.

Questions about when early members of the genus adapted to extreme environments like deserts and rainforests have traditionally focused on . Here, we present multidisciplinary evidence from Engaji Nanyori in Tanzania's Oldupai Gorge, revealing that thrived in hyperarid landscapes one million years ago. Using biogeochemical analyses, precise chronometric dating, palaeoclimate simulations, biome modeling, fire history reconstructions, palaeobotanical studies, faunal assemblages, and archeological evidence, we reconstruct an environment dominated by semidesert shrubland.

A Systematic Review of Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception Towards Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in Africa.

Background: Despite growing evidence showing ECT's efficacy and efficiency in the management of severe mental health conditions, the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions (KAP) towards ECT vary around the globe. However, KAP guarantees the extent to which ECT is accepted and administered efficiently. This review sheds light on the KAP toward ECT in Africa.

Prevalence of gastrointestinal and blood parasites in horses of Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand.

Background And Aim: The global prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) and blood parasite infections in horses is a significant concern due to their substantial impact on morbidity, mortality, and economic losses in the horse industry. In Thailand, limited research has been conducted on these parasites in horse populations, and data from southern Thailand are lacking. Consequently, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of GI and blood parasites in horses in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand.

Update to the PRISMA guidelines for network meta-analyses and scoping reviews and development of guidelines for rapid reviews: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to develop a list of items for potential inclusion in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines for network meta-analysis (NMA), scoping reviews (ScRs), and rapid reviews (RRs).

Introduction: The PRISMA extensions for NMA and ScRs were published in 2015 and 2018. However, since then, their methodologies and innovations, including automation, have evolved.

Five-Year Impact of Weight Loss on Knee Pain and Quality of Life in Obese Patients.

BACKGROUND Studies on patients with obesity who lose a considerable amount of body fat show that the severity of knee pain and movement limitation is decreased. This study aimed to analyze the effects of weight loss on knee pain and quality of life in patients with obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included patients aged 18-65 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m² and above, who expressed knee pain in daily life routines and applied to the Obesity Center of Adana City Training and Research Hospital as of June 2018.

Cannabis legalization: a call for the integration of main health and crime indicator domains towards comprehensive policy impact assessments.

Several jurisdictions have implemented legalization policies for non-medical cannabis, mainly towards improving public health and reducing illegal cannabis markets and crime. As some legalization initiatives are approaching maturity, conducting policy impact assessments has become timely. Emerging data, however, suggest rather mixed pictures for key outcomes and indicators.

Low-dose aspirin versus placebo in postpartum venous thromboembolism: a multi-national, pilot, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Despite the morbidity and mortality of venous thromboembolism, there is little evidence to guide postpartum thromboprophylaxis in patients at moderate risk. We aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a double-blind, randomised trial of aspirin versus placebo in postpartum individuals with two or more venous thromboembolism risk factors, mild-to-moderate thrombophilia, or both.

Methods: The pilot PARTUM trial, a multi-national, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, was conducted in seven centres across Canada, France, Ireland, and the Netherlands.

Functional capacity at rehabilitation discharge predicts physical activity characteristics twenty-four weeks later for people with total knee arthroplasty: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the association between performance-based and patient-reported functional capacity at the conclusion of 12-week rehabilitation with average daily step counts and peak walking cadence 38 weeks following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Design: Secondary analysis of an RCT.

Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Clinical significance of a new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in patients with vascular disease.

Background: The Cardiovascular Outcomes for People Using Anticoagulation Strategies (COMPASS) trial enrolled patients with vascular disease, but excluded patients requiring oral anticoagulation.

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of a new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) during follow-up.

Methods: New AF was identified from hospitalization, study drug discontinuation and adverse event reports.

Merits of the social return on investment methodology for assessing the value of palliative care programmes.

Despite the widely accepted benefits of palliative care for individuals with serious illnesses and their families, the utilisation of this approach remains low. Although an increased use of palliative care services can increase the value of health-care spending by providing comprehensive wraparound services to support care, the economic evidence required to implement, promote, and engage in palliative care models on a wide scale eludes the affected individuals, health-care providers, payers, and policy makers. This gap in evidence is partly owing to the methodological limitations of standard value-assessment frameworks, which do not capture important societal dimensions of the value generated by palliative care.

Clinical Interplay Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Bipolar Disorder: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD) present significant challenges in diagnosis due to their complex nature. This review aims to examine the interface and overlapping features of these conditions.

Methods: We conducted a narrative review to examine clinical overlap, common psychiatric comorbidities, and shared neurobiological bases between ASD and BD.

Pollution, stress response, and obesity: A systematic review.

Limited literature addresses the association between pollution, stress, and obesity, and knowledge synthesis on the associations between these three topics has yet to be made. Two reviewers independently conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection databases to identify studies dealing with the effects of semi-volatile organic compounds, pesticides, conservatives, and heavy metals on the psychosocial stress response and adiposity in humans, animals, and cells. The quality of papers and risk assessment were evaluated with ToxRTool, BEES-C instrument score, SYRCLE's risk of bias tool, and CAMARADES checklist.

The Canadian Experience With Magnetic Esophageal Anastomosis: A Report From the Canadian Consortium for Research in Pediatric Surgery Study (CanCORPS).

Objective: Magnetic anastomosis is an innovative technique for establishing esophageal continuity in infants born with esophageal atresia. Few case series featuring this technology have been published, with even fewer reports on complications. We present the entire Canadian experience with this approach.

ECLS-SHOCK and DanGer Shock: Implications for optimal temporary mechanical circulatory support use for cardiogenic shock due to acute myocardial infarction.

Despite concerted efforts to rapidly identify patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI-CS) and provide timely revascularization, early mortality remains stubbornly high. While artificially augmenting systemic flow through the use of temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices would be expected to reduce the rate of progression to multi-organ dysfunction and thereby enhance survival, reliable evidence for benefit has remained elusive with lingering questions regarding the appropriate selection of both patients and devices, as well as the timing of device implantation relative to other critical interventions. Further complicating matters are the resource-intensive multidisciplinary systems of care that must be brought to bear in this complex patient population.

Eradication Therapy to Prevent Gastric Cancer in H. pylori-positive individuals: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies.

Background & Aims: Screening for, and treating, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the general population or patients with early gastric neoplasia could reduce incidence of, and mortality from, gastric cancer. We updated a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining this issue.