7,113 results match your criteria: "McLean Hospital[Affiliation]"

Genes involved in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, including the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), are linked to various stress-related psychopathologies including bipolar disorder as well as other mood and trauma-related disorders. The protein product of the cell cycle gene, is a GR interaction partner in peripheral cells. However, the precise roles of SKA2 in stress and GR signaling in the brain, specifically in nonreplicating postmitotic neurons, and its involvement in HPA axis regulation remain unclear.

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This study describes the 8-year course of physical and psychosocial impairment in middle-aged patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and other personality disorders (OPD). This study also compares BPD subgroups (recovered vs. nonrecovered) and explores predictors of physical impairment.

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Differential Mapping of Psychopathic Traits and General Psychopathology in a Large Young Adult Sample.

J Pers Disord

December 2024

From Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.

Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by affective-interpersonal features and an impulsive-antisocial lifestyle. Psychopathy commonly co-occurs with other forms of psychopathology, but current understanding of how behavioral features of psychopathy co-occur with, or are distinct from, other mental health problems is limited. In this study, we analysed data from a large sample of young adults to study the relationship between different facets of psychopathic traits and general psychopathology ("p").

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Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for adolescents with treatment-resistant depression: Behavioral and neural correlates of clinical improvement.

J Affect Disord

December 2024

Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Affective bias toward negativity is associated with depression and may represent a promising treatment target. Stimulating the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) with deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) could lead to shifts in affective bias. The current study examined behavioral and neural correlates of affective bias in the context of dTMS in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

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Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Risk Trajectories Following a Diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa.

JAMA Netw Open

December 2024

Center for Quantitative Health, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.

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Dementia with lewy bodies patients with high tau levels display unique proteome profiles.

Mol Neurodegener

December 2024

F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Background: Clinical studies have long observed that neurodegenerative disorders display a range of symptoms and pathological features and, in some cases, overlap, suggesting that these diseases exist on a spectrum. Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), a synucleinopathy, is a prominent example, where symptomatic similarities with tauopathy, Alzheimer's disease, are observed. Although tau pathology has been observed in DLB, the interplay between tau and α-synuclein is poorly understood at a molecular level.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explores the biological differences linked to PTSD by examining DNA methylation changes in blood, suggesting they could indicate susceptibility or effects of trauma.
  • Conducted by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, the research included nearly 5,100 participants to identify specific genetic markers associated with PTSD.
  • Results showed 11 significant CpG sites related to PTSD, with some also showing correlations between blood and brain tissue methylation, highlighting their potential role in understanding PTSD biology.
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The primary motor cortex (M1) is crucial for motor skill learning. We examined its role in interleaved practice, which enhances retention (vs. repetitive practice) through M1-dependent consolidation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder that leads to high levels of phenylalanine, affecting speech and cognitive function.
  • Researchers used the Cookie Theft Picture Task to analyze spontaneous speech from adults with PKU and found significant linguistic differences compared to those without the disorder, despite traditional tests showing no differences.
  • Advanced AI analysis identified a new dimension of verbal proficiency correlated with PKU biomarkers, suggesting potential for improved assessments in PKU and other rare diseases through speech analysis.
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) disproportionately affects women and recent evidence suggests that unique associations between sex hormones (e.g. estradiol and progesterone) and PTSD symptoms may contribute to this difference.

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Implications of the choroid plexus in Niemann-Pick disease Type C neuropathogenesis.

Brain Behav Immun

December 2024

Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Niemann-Pick Disease Type C (NPC) is an ultra-rare disorder characterized by progressive psychiatric and neurologic manifestations, with late infantile, juvenile, and adolescent/adult presentations. We examined morphological properties of the choroid plexus, a protective blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, in NPC, and their relationship with neurodegeneration, clinical status, and circulatory markers. This study also determined whether choroid plexus morphology differentiates between NPC and more prevalent illnesses, schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), which have overlapping psychiatric symptoms with adolescent and adult-onset NPC and are associated with misdiagnosis.

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The past decade witnessed substantial discoveries related to the psychosis spectrum. Many of these discoveries resulted from pursuits of objective and quantifiable biomarkers in tandem with the application of analytical tools such as machine learning. These approaches provided exciting new insights that significantly helped improve precision in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

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Review of Emotion Regulation in Late Life Mood Disorders.

J Psychiatr Brain Sci

November 2024

Department of Neuropsychology, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.

Emotion regulation (ER), or the ability to modulate the experience and expression of emotion, is critical to adaptive functioning and is a key feature of mood disorders. At the same time, normal aging is associated with changes in ER, though the interaction of aging with the presence of a mood disorder are unclear. Here, we review what is known about ER and its underlying neural mechanisms in late life mood disorders, specifically late life depression and bipolar disorder.

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Prospective open-label trial. The objective of this study was to determine whether buspirone showed preliminary evidence of effectiveness, safety, and tolerability in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS). This is a 16-week, prospective, flexibly dosed, open-label trial of buspirone in 20 individuals with WS aged 5-65 years.

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Addressing Spiritual and Religious Experiences in Borderline Personality Disorder With Good Psychiatric Management.

Am J Psychother

December 2024

Gunderson Residence and Mentalization-Based Treatment Clinic, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston.

Spiritual and religious experiences in the context of borderline personality disorder are underexplored by both researchers and clinicians, are central in the lived experience of some patients, and are likely to interact in complex ways with core symptoms and challenges. Effective navigation of this domain by clinicians and patients may require increasing, decreasing, or stabilizing engagement with spiritual and religious beliefs, practices, or communities, depending on the person. No empirically derived guidelines exist for how clinicians can address this area to help patients maximize benefits while minimizing harms.

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Background: Chronic pain following traumatic stress exposure (TSE) is common. Increasing evidence suggests inflammatory/immune mechanisms are induced by TSE, play a key role in the recovery process versus development of post-TSE chronic pain, and are sex specific. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with chronic pain after TSE in a sex-specific manner.

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Aspirin guided by coronary artery calcium scoring for primary cardiovascular prevention in persons with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

Am J Med

December 2024

Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Internal Medicine; McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, Harvard Medical Schoo1, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Although endurance exercise is cardioprotective, episodes of strenuous physical exertion can trigger sudden cardiac death. While marathon training promotes overall heart health, running such races transiently increases cardiac arrest risk, mainly in middle-aged men with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Coronary artery calcium scanning has been advised for risk stratification to identify those who benefit from enhanced primary prevention.

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Large-scale brain network function is critical for healthy cognition, yet links between such network function, neurochemistry, and smaller-scale neurocircuitry are unclear. Here, we evaluated 59 healthy individuals using resting-state fMRI to determine how network-level temporal dynamics were impacted by two well-characterized pharmacotherapies targeting catecholamines: methylphenidate (20 mg) and haloperidol (2 mg)-administered via randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. Network temporal dynamic changes were tested for links with drug-induced alterations in complex corticostriatal connections as this circuit is a primary site of action for both drugs.

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Affective temperaments: Effects on treatment response for major depression.

Asian J Psychiatr

November 2024

International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Lucio Bini Mood Disorders Centers, Cagliari, Rome, Italy.

There is growing interest in assessing affective temperaments in relation to major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Needed is evaluation of the impact of temperament ratings on responses to treatment of depression in these disorders. We measured treatment response as %-improvement in HDRS depression ratings and correlated this measure as well as response rate (≥50 % improvement) with TEMPS-A ratings of anxious, cyclothymic, dysthymic, hyperthymic, and irritable affective temperaments in 2264 mood-disorder patients (1165 BD, 1099 MDD; 62.

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Objective: Psychotic disorders are characterized by abnormalities in the synchronization of neuronal responses. A 40 Hz gamma band deficit during auditory steady-state response (ASSR) measured by electroencephalogram (EEG) is a robust observation in psychosis and is associated with symptoms and functional deficits. However, the majority of ASSR studies focus on specific electrode sites, while whole scalp analysis using all channels, and the association with clinical symptoms, are rare.

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Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that rapid eye movement sleep (REM) supports the consolidation of extinction memory. REM is disrupted in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and REM abnormalities after traumatic events increase the risk of developing PTSD. Therefore, it was hypothesized that abnormal REM in trauma-exposed individuals may pave the way for PTSD by interfering with the processing of extinction memory.

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This study examined the impact of Patient-Centered Communication (PCC), Open Dialogue-inspired changes to rounding practices and culture, on patient perceptions of care on an inpatient psychotic disorders unit. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted based on medical records, restraint and seclusion records, and hospital Perceptions of Care (PoC) surveys. The analysis compared data from 6-month periods before and after implementation of PCC to quantify whether the implementation of PCC was associated with more positive care ratings.

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The term "kratom" refers to a plant species formally known as  Kratom is composed of over 40 alkaloids, a type of organic compound that contains nitrogen. These compounds work primarily via binding to opioid receptors expressed on neurons, where they stimulate signal transduction mechanisms involving the activation of G proteins. Kratom has been shown to cause both a stimulant-like effect and a sedative effect in humans.

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Introduction: Opioid therapy is often central to pain management during cancer care. However, opioid exposure and unaddressed psychological suffering jointly amplify opioid use disorder risk. Therefore, we iteratively developed a behavioural, individually delivered intervention to mitigate the risk of opioid use disorder during cancer care (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention when Opioids are Necessary (ACTION)).

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