Inequalities in relative cancer survival by race, immigration status, income, and education for 22 cancer sites in Canada, a cohort study.

There is a paucity of disaggregated data to monitor cancer health inequalities in Canada. We used data linkage to estimate site-specific cancer relative survival by race, immigration status, household income, and education level in Canada. We pooled the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts, which are linked datasets of 5.

Manuscript publication of abstracts presented at gynecologic surgery societies' annual meetings.

Purpose: To study characteristics and identify factors associated with full manuscript publication of oral abstracts presented at gynecologic surgery societies' annual meetings.

Study Design: We reviewed all oral abstracts presented at four major gynecologic surgery meetings in 2018. Oral abstracts subsequently published as peer-reviewed manuscripts were compared to those that were not published.

Recent Advances in the Genetics of Ataxias: An Update on Novel Autosomal Dominant Repeat Expansions.

Purpose Of Review: Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias, also known as spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), are genetically and clinically diverse neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive cerebellar dysfunction. Despite advances in sequencing technologies, a large proportion of patients with SCA still lack a definitive genetic diagnosis. The advent of advanced bioinformatic tools and emerging genomics technologies, such as long-read sequencing, offers an unparalleled opportunity to close the diagnostic gap for hereditary ataxias.

Recommendations for mitochondria transfer and transplantation nomenclature and characterization.

Intercellular mitochondria transfer is an evolutionarily conserved process in which one cell delivers some of their mitochondria to another cell in the absence of cell division. This process has diverse functions depending on the cell types involved and physiological or disease context. Although mitochondria transfer was first shown to provide metabolic support to acceptor cells, recent studies have revealed diverse functions of mitochondria transfer, including, but not limited to, the maintenance of mitochondria quality of the donor cell and the regulation of tissue homeostasis and remodelling.

Comparison of in vitro transcriptomic points of departure with fish acute and chronic toxicity values: A case study of rainbow trout cells exposed to pesticides.

There is growing interest in transcriptomic points of departure (tPOD) values from in vitro experiments as an alternative to animal test method. The study objective was to calculate tPODs in rainbow trout gill cells (RTgill-W1 following OECD 249) exposed to pesticides, and to evaluate how these values compare to fish acute and chronic toxicity data. Cells were exposed to one fungicide (chlorothalonil), ten herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate, imazethapyr, metolachlor, diquat, s-metolachlor, AMPA, dicamba, dimethenamid-P, metribuzin), eight insecticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, permethrin, carbaryl, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, chlorantraniliprole), and OECD 249 positive control 3,4-dichloroaniline.

Development of a core patient-reported outcome set for use in HIV care at the individual patient level in Montreal: protocol for a two-phased multimethod project.

Introduction: There is international interest in using patient-reported outcome measures in HIV care to improve the well-being of people with HIV, but the prioritisation of specific outcomes and measures remains unclear. This project's objective is to engage both people with HIV and healthcare, social and community service providers to develop a French and English-language core set of patient-reported outcomes and measures for use in HIV care at the patient level in Montreal (Canada).

Methods And Analysis: This multimethod project will follow guidance from the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative and involve two phases.

A Method for Validating PET and SPECT Cameras for Quantitative Clinical Imaging Trials Using Novel Radionuclides.

Our aim is to report methodology that has been developed to calibrate and verify PET and SPECT quantitative image accuracy and quality assurance for use with nonstandard radionuclides, especially with longer half-lives, in clinical imaging trials. Procedures have been developed for quantitative PET and SPECT image calibration for use in clinical trials. The protocol uses a 3-step approach: check quantitative accuracy with a previously calibrated radionuclide in a simple geometry, check the novel trial radionuclide in the same geometry, and check the novel radionuclide in a more challenging, complex geometry (the National Electrical Manufacturers Association [NEMA] NU-2 International Electrotechnical Commission [IEC] image-quality phantom).

Non-invasive brain stimulation over the Frontopolar Cortex promotes willingness to exert cognitive effort in a foraging-like sequential choice task.

Individuals avoid spending cognitive effort unless expected rewards offset the perceived costs. Recent work employing tasks that provide explicit information about demands and incentives, suggests causal involvement of the Frontopolar Cortex (FPC) in effort-based decision-making. Using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), we examined whether the FPC's role in motivating effort generalizes to sequential choice problems in which task demand and reward rates vary indirectly and as a function of experience.

High-level biosynthesis and purification of the antimicrobial peptide Kiadin based on non-chromatographic purification and acid cleavage methods.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are renowned for their potent bacteriostatic activity and safety, rendering them invaluable in animal husbandry, food safety, and medicine. Despite their potential, the physiological toxicity of AMPs to host cells significantly hampers their biosynthetic production. This study presents a novel approach for the biosynthesis of the antimicrobial peptide Kiadin by engineering a DAMP4-DPS-Kiadin fusion protein to mitigate host cell toxicity and achieve high-level expression.

Motion-Onset Visually Evoked Potentials (VEPs) are Amplified in The Deaf.

The loss of a sensory modality triggers a phenomenon known as cross-modal plasticity, where areas of the brain responsible for the lost sensory modality are reorganized and repurposed to the benefit of the remaining modalities. After perinatal or congenital deafness, superior visual motion detection abilities have been psychophysically identified in both humans and cats, and this advantage has been causally demonstrated to be mediated by reorganized auditory cortex. In our study, we investigated visually evoked potentials (VEPs) in response to motion-onset stimuli of varying speeds in both hearing and perinatally deafened cats under light anesthesia.

A pilot study on the effects of in-feed probiotic ATCC 53103 (LGG) on vaccinated Atlantic salmon (): microbiomes and challenge resilience.

The use of probiotics is an alternative approach to mitigate the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture. In our study, we examined the effects of GG (ATCC 53103, LGG) delivered in-feed on the weight, length, skin mucus, and faecal microbiomes of Atlantic salmon. We also challenged the salmon with 2004-05MF26 (Asal2004) and assessed the mortality.

Exploring the Social Determinants of Health in Nutrition Care for South Asian Communities: A Narrative Review.

The South Asian (SA) diasporic communities in Canada experience a greater burden of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to white populations. Nutrition interventions often focus on individual behaviours and fail to consider that the social determinants of health (SDH) have a greater impact on chronic disease risk. A narrative review was conducted to identify the SDH in nutrition care interventions for the SA diaspora in Canada.

Math attitudes and verbal memory in multilingual younger adults.

Previous research on attitudes towards mathematics has mostly been assessed in a single language. We examined whether math attitudes differ by language in multilingual younger adults (ages 18-25). Furthermore, we evaluated the relationships between math attitudes, verbal memory, and calculation fluency in this sample.

Symmetrical "super learning": Enhancing causal learning using a bidirectional probabilistic outcome.

In a learning environment, with multiple predictive cues for a single outcome, cues interfere with or enhance each other during the acquisition process (e.g., Baker et al.

Muscle-derived myostatin is a major endocrine driver of follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis.

Myostatin is a paracrine myokine that regulates muscle mass in a variety of species, including humans. In this work, we report a functional role for myostatin as an endocrine hormone that directly promotes pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) synthesis and thereby ovarian function in mice. Previously, this FSH-stimulating role was attributed to other members of the transforming growth factor-β family, the activins.

Living Dual Heat- and pH-Responsive Textiles.

Smart textiles that integrate multiple environmental sensing capabilities are an emerging frontier in wearable technology. In this study, we developed dual pH- and temperature-responsive textiles by combining engineered bacterial systems with bacterially derived proteins. For temperature sensing, we characterized the properties of a heat sensitive promoter, P, in () using enhanced green fluorescent protein as a reporter.

Get Over It: Surgical Residents' Responses to Simulated Harassment. A Multi Method Study.

Objective: This study examined the response strategies of Surgery residents as bystanders to harassment in a simulated clinical environment, their alignment with the bystander intervention model, and the motivations behind their actions.

Design: Participants watched an educational video on harassment and ways to address it prior to undergoing a simulated clinical scenario where they witnessed a senior resident harassing a medical student. The study used audio-video recordings of the simulations to capture and analyze residents' verbal and nonverbal responses to harassment.

Olaparib as treatment for platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer by BRCA mutation and homologous recombination deficiency: Phase 2 LIGHT study final overall survival analysis.

Background: LIGHT (oLaparib In HRD-Grouped Tumor types; NCT02983799) prospectively evaluated olaparib treatment in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) assigned to cohorts by known BRCA mutation (BRCAm) and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status: germline BRCAm (gBRCAm), somatic BRCAm (sBRCAm), HRD-positive non-BRCAm, and HRD-negative. At the primary analysis, olaparib treatment demonstrated activity across all cohorts, with greatest efficacy in terms of objective response rate and progression-free survival observed in the g/sBRCAm cohorts. The authors report final overall survival (OS).

AF-FLOW Global Registry Confirms Validity of Electrographic Flow Mapping as a Phenotyping Tool for Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Electrographic flow (EGF) mapping allows for the visualization of global atrial wavefront propagations. One mechanism of initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF) is stimulation from EGF-identified focal sources that serve as driver sites of fibrillatory conduction. Electrographic flow consistency (EGFC) further quantifies the concordance of observed wavefront patterns, indicating that a healthier substrate shows more organized wavefront propagation and higher EGFC.

18F-FDG PET/CT for Surveillance in Salivary Gland Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG-PET/CT compared to conventional imaging modalities (CIM) to detect recurrence of primary salivary gland cancers (SGCs).

Data Sources: Review performed on December 26, 2024, using Embase, CINHAL, MEDLINE, and PubMed.

Review Methods: Two blinded reviewers selected studies reporting diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT in identifying locoregional recurrence and/or metastasis in patients with SGCs.

Fertility preservation in female cancer patients: Surgical procedures.

The surgical management of cancer patients wishing fertility preservation is multidisciplinary, involving surgeon, anesthetist, hematologist, and nursing and laboratory staff. Many oncology patients have a multitude of medical or surgical conditions that require careful planning of all therapy including surgical removal of reproductive material, either oocytes or ovarian tissue. The significant risks related to either transvaginal or abdominal surgery should be discussed and documented and the final decision to proceed must be balanced against the risks, including death.

Usefulness of polymerase chain reaction tests in Chagas disease studies.

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test is a highly sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostic tool for Chagas disease. Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan flagellate and is endemic to the Americas. While conventional serological methods are still used in the diagnosis of Chagas disease, they are being gradually replaced by molecular methods like PCR.

Fibromyalgia syndrome-a bodily distress disorder/somatic symptom disorder?

Introduction: The debate addressing the classification of chronic widespread pain as a physical disorder (fibromyalgia syndrome) [FMS] or a somatoform disorder according to psychiatric classification systems has continued for decades.

Objectives: The review aims to line out the new perspectives introduced by the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 11) of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Methods: Critical review of the classification criteria of fibromyalgia syndrome and bodily distress disorder in ICD 11.