[Recognizing Alzheimer's disease in daily practice].

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is of great practical importance. The process of differentiating a disease with symptoms of dementia caused by another pathology of the nervous system is based on a subjective assessment. The pathogenesis of AD emphasizes the importance of neuropil beta-amyloid deposition in the brain and the tau protein inside neurons, which is found 20 years before the onset of clinical symptoms of the disease.

[Pathogenesis and the contemporary picture of polyneuropathy].

Demyelinating changes in peripheral nerves are responsible for the neurological symptoms found. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of polyneuropathy and is found in 8-54% of patients with type I diabetes, 13-46% of patients with type II and 22-66% of alcohol abusers. In turn, chemotherapy, depending on the therapeutic regimens used, is responsible for the symptoms of polyneuropathy in 10-90% of patients.

Hip arthoplasty in a forester after numerous tick bites.

Arthritis is one of the most important symptoms of late-stage borreliosis, observed in approximately 60% of untreated patients with Lyme disease. In several percent of them, this manifestation is of interest to orthopedic surgeons. The authors present a case of a patient, working as a forester, who underwent left hip replacement arthroplasty having contracted a infection in the past, and who was hospitalized 12 years before in the infectious ward due to suspected neuroborreliosis for which he was treated with Ceftriaxone 2 × 2.

Evaluation of the results of posterior approach in thoracic disc herniation surgery.

Unlabelled: The incidence of symptomatic intervertebral disc hernias in the thoracic segment is estimated at 1 case per million people per year, which is about 0.25-0.75% of all symptomatic intervertebral disc hernias and 0.

Chloroquine in controlling biological infections.

From the middle of the 17th century, Cinchona tree's bark, which contains quinine, was used as an anti-malarial agent. It wasn't until the midtwentieth century that chloroquine was synthesized, followed by its further derivatives. Chloroquine inhibits protozoan polymerase activity, leading to an increase in heme, which is toxic to Plasmodium.

Shoulder dislocation - analysis of cases and neurological complications.

Unlabelled: Shoulder dislocation, i.e. loss of connection between the head of humerus and the glenoid cavity, is diagnosed in 15-25 patients per 100,000 people per year.

Analysis of scoliosis deformation in the Zebris computer study as an assessment of the effectiveness of the FED method in the treatment of idiopathic scolioses.

Unlabelled: Idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most difficult problems of contemporary orthopaedics and physiotherapy, and its unknown etiology hinders initiation of effective causative therapy. A tendency for progression of scoliosis, and failure of many conservative treatment methods stimulated a search for new and more effective methods which will not only stop a progress of the deformation, but actually correct it. The FED method is a relatively new, but promising method used for conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis.

Post-traumatic bilateral scapular and thoracic vertebral body fractures - a case report.

Unlabelled: The simultaneous fracture of both scapulae with coexisting fracture of the thoracic vertebral body is observed extremely rarely and is fully dependent on the mechanism that caused them.

A Case Report: The 59-year-old patient was admitted to the trauma and orthopedic department because of back pain and the inability to move independently. A few hours earlier he suffered bludgeoning trauma from a thick branch falling from a tree.

[The growing resistance of bacterial strains to antibiotics].

Understanding the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics made it possible to divide this phenomenon into natural and acquired resistance. The natural resistance of the bacteria is related to the lack of antibiotic ability to penetrate into the interior of the bacteria and limit the ability of penetration through the cell wall, as well as the poor affinity of the drug for the receptor or the lack of such a receptor. The acquired bacterial resistance is related to the changes occurring within the resistance genes and their rapid transfer, in which plasmids participate.

Finegoldia magna the cause of hip revision surgery - a two case report.

Unlabelled: The cause of septic arthritis in 20% of cases is anaerobic bacteria, including infections caused by Finegoldia magna. The occurrence of this pathogen in the etiology of postoperative post-implantive septic joint inflammations is estimated at 5-12% of all anaerobic infections, and 20-40% of all gram-positive anaerobic coccus (GPAC).

Case Reports: The 65-year-old male patient was admitted due to symptoms of pain in the left hip after having undergone arthroplasty three years prior.

[The risk of perioperative infections after orthopedic surgery].

Perioperative infections after orthopedic surgery are complications that extend the process of treatment and rehabilitation of patients. The multifactor mechanism of their formation has already been defined, which allows effective control of the threat. In addition to the introduction of ever safer surgical techniques, strict epidemic surveillance and acceptable by the body implanted materials, widely prophylactic perioperative antibiotic therapy is applied.

[Abscesses in the lumbo-sacral spine area - a case report].

Infection of the surgical operation site is found in approximately 3% of patients and 20% of patients undergoing urgent surgery. The occurrence of this type of complications is affected both by coexisting diseases and the presence of infection in the environment in which the patient is staying. It should also be taken into account that the bacteria found in the implanted material and surrounding tissues have the ability to adhere to the implant, creating a biofilm structure there.