Primary synovial chondromatosis of the ankle: A case report with radiologic and imaging findings.

Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a rare, benign joint disorder characterized by cartilaginous nodule formation within the synovial membrane. While SC typically affects larger joints such as the knee and hip, ankle involvement is exceptionally uncommon, with only a few cases documented in medical literature. We present a case of a 38-year-old male who experienced a rare presentation of recurrent ankle sprains and a palpable mass, ultimately diagnosed with SC in the ankle.

Gliclazide protects ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and caspase-3.

Gliclazide (GLZ), an oral antihyperglycemic medication, has additional beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, besides lowering blood glucose levels. In this study, the radio-protective effect of GLZ was evaluated against ionizing radiation (IR)-induced intestinal injury in mice. Eight groups of mice were randomized as follows: control, GLZ (5, 10, and 25 mg/kg), IR (6 Gy), and IR + GLZ (at 5, 10, and 25 mg/kg).

Effect of stress management based self-care counseling on glycemic control in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial study.

Background: Stress plays an important role in the consequences of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]. It is possible to make a change in the lifestyle by providing counseling in the field of self-care based on stress management in order to avoid the adverse consequences of GDM. Therefore, the present study was designed and implemented with the aim of determining the effect of self-care counseling based on stress management on blood sugar control in women with GDM.

The influence of SGLT-2 inhibitors on lipid profiles in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitors can reduce cardiovascular events by modulating lipid profiles in patients with heart failure, irrespective of diabetes status. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on the lipid profiles of patients with heart failure via a meta-analysis.

Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to 2023 to retrieve relevant article titles, abstracts, and full texts.

Association Between Oral Health Status and DMFT Index with Cognitive Dysfunction in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Cognitive dysfunction is a significant issue in old age and can cause many problems in older adults, especially those with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the association between oral health status and DMFT index with cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults with T2D (type 2 diabetes).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 245 older people aged 60 years and older with T2D, visiting healthcare centers in north of Iran, using the cluster sampling method.

Regulatory effects of resveratrol on nitric oxide signaling in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular illnesses are multifactorial disorders and represent the primary reasons for death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. As a signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) is extremely permeable across cellular membranes owing to its unique molecular features, like its small molecular size, lipophilicity, and free radical properties. Some of the biological effects of NO are vasodilation, inhibition in the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, and functional regulation of cardiac cells.

Synergistic Interaction of Chloroquine with Semipolar Extract Against : Histopathological and Immunological Studies in a Mouse Model.

Background: Malaria parasites have gradually developed resistance to commonly used antimalarial drugs. For decades, chloroquine was the most widely used drug to eradicate malaria. However, with the spread of chloroquine resistance, many countries have adopted combination therapies that utilize two drugs acting synergistically instead of monotherapy.

Efficacy of Clindamycin in Preventing Abortion and Vertical Transmission of (PRU Strain) Infection in Pregnant BALB/c Mice.

Background: transmission can occur during pregnancy if the mother contracts the infection for the first time. Treatment strategies include the use of antimicrobial medications and providing supportive care. Spiramycin is commonly used to treat toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and to hinder the disease's transmission.

The Protective Effects of Citrulline on Testicular Injury Induced by Torsion and Detorsion in Adult Male Rats: An Experimental Study.

Background: Testicular torsion is a critical urological emergency that can lead to testicular ischemia and significant tissue damage. Citrulline, a supplement known for enhancing cellular metabolism and mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, has been explored for its protective effects against testicular injury resulting from torsion and detorsion in rat models.

Methods: This study involved 42 Wistar rats, divided into six groups: Sham, torsion/detorsion (T/D), and four groups receiving varying doses of Citrulline (300, 600, 900 ) and vitamin E (20 ).

Cervical Anatomical Characteristics in Women with Endometriosis: A Diagnostic Approach.

Background: Endometriosis is a gynecologic disorder which causes dysmenorrhea and infertility. Early diagnosis of endometriosis can help prevent the necessity for invasive diagnostic procedures. Medical imaging has been widely utilized to diagnose various diseases without the need for invasive procedures.

The Impact of Embryo Donation Technology on Child Psychological Adjustment and parenting styles: A Comparative Study.

Background: Despite the remarkable advancements in the use of embryo donation, concerns have arisen regarding its potential effects on the psychological well-being of children conceived through this assisted reproductive technology and their parent-child relationships. The aim of the study is to evaluate children's psychological adjustment and parenting style in families with donor-conceived children and compare them with the normal population.

Materials And Methods: A historical cohort study was conducted to assess the psychological adjustment of 31 children aged 3 to 7 years born via embryo donation and to compare the results with those of 30 age-matched children from families who conceived naturally using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

Anti-ferroptotic effects of natural polyphenols in nervous system injury: a narrative literature review.

Background: Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis, a newly identified regulated cell death characterized by increased lipid peroxidation and accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides, is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of nervous system diseases which can be inhibited with iron chelators, lipophilic antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation inhibitors.

Objective: To review the current evidence on the efficacy of various natural polyphenols in nervous system injury.

Methods: The data selected for this review were collected by searching the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar database for articles published in English between 2000 and 2024 using the following terms: cell death, regulated cell death, ferroptosis, lipid peroxides, iron, and glutathione peroxidase.

Thymol inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis in Nakaseomyces glabratus, but differently from azole antifungals.

Introduction: Nakaseomyces glabratus is considered a high priority of attention according to WHO, and also is an important yeast species due to its high rate of intrinsic/acquired resistance against fluconazole. This study aimed at the possible mechanisms of action of thymol, as the promising new antifungal agent, in N. glabratus.

Effects of warm carbon dioxide insufflation vs. local heat on shoulder pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common procedure for gallbladder diseases, but many patients experience shoulder pain due to pneumoperitoneum. This study investigates the comparative effectiveness of warm carbon dioxide gas insufflation versus local heat application in reducing shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We also examined changes in body temperature during surgery and postoperative shivering in the intervention and control groups.

Efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a promising treatment for various neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Parkinson's disease. Recent research has focused on evaluating its effectiveness in treating patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of TMS on patients with AN and evaluated any potential adverse effects.

Association between major dietary patterns and mental health problems among college students.

Background: Mental health problems, specifically, depression, anxiety, and stress are among the major public health issues worldwide. Diet modification can be a helpful strategy for the prevention and management of psychological disorders. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the association between major dietary patterns and mental health problems among Iranian college students.

Association of age at menopause with type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The onset of menopause usually occurs between the ages of 48 and 52, leading to diverse symptoms in various body systems due to a decrease in estrogen level. Visceral obesity and diminished estrogen level during the menopausal phase are associated with unfavorable metabolic changes, resulting in insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Owing to the increase in the incidence and prevalence of T2DM in recent decades, it is important to identify predisposing factor such as menopausal age to improve T2DM prevention and management.

A comparison between 64-projection and 32-projection myocardial perfusion scintigraphy.

Aims: While most clinical guidelines recommend using a 64-projection view technique, some protocols do not specify a preference between 32-projection and 64-projection methods for conducting myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), which shows the lack of consensus in this matter. Nevertheless, these guidelines and protocols have not provided us with compelling evidence to support why the 64-projection technique is usually chosen. Thus, we aimed to determine if there is a significant difference between them in the assessment of cardiac perfusion and functional indices.

Fractional CO laser combined with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy versus NB-UVB monotherapy in vitiligo patients: prospective, self-controlled, and randomized trial.

Vitiligo is a chronic depigmenting condition that causes amelanotic macules and patches on the skin. Despite various treatment options, treating vitiligo is a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the combination of laser CO fractional and narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) versus NB-UVB monotherapy in vitiligo patients.

Bone expansion as a horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation technique: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Bone expansion is one of the quickest, simplest, and most reliable methods of alveolar ridge augmentation for implant placement. This systematic review is designed to investigate the outcomes of the bone expansion technique for horizontal ridge augmentation.

Methods: The protocol of study has been prospectively registered into PROSPERO (CRD42023414686).

Effect of flipped classroom method on the reflection ability in nursing students in the professional ethics course; Solomon four-group design.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of reflection in the learning process is to create meaningful and deep learning. Considering the importance of emphasizing active and student-centered methods in learning and the necessity of learners' participation in the education process, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of flipped classroom teaching method on the amount of reflection ability in nursing students and the course of professional ethics.

Study Method: The current study is a quasi-experimental study using Solomon's four-group method.

ERK1/2 gene expression and hypomethylation of Alu and LINE1 elements in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without cataract: Impact of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.

Aims: This study aimed to delineate the effect of hyperglycemia on the Alu/LINE-1 hypomethylation and in ERK1/2 genes expression in type 2 diabetes with and without cataract.

Methods: This study included 58 diabetic patients without cataracts, 50 diabetic patients with cataracts, and 36 healthy controls. After DNA extraction and bisulfite treatment, LINE-1 and Alu methylation levels were assessed using Real-time MSP.

Unlocking the Potential: How Flavonoids Affect Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Proliferation, Invasion, and Alter Receptor Interactions in Endometriosis.

Endometriosis, though not classified as a carcinogenic condition, shares features such as oxidative stress, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and inflammation with tumor cells. This study aims to review the effects of flavonoids on these processes and their molecular mechanisms in preventing and treating endometriosis. A comprehensive review was conducted, involving a literature search in online databases using keywords like "endometriosis," "endometrioma," and "flavonoid.

Facet joint tropism in degenerative lumbar scoliosis: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: To investigate the association between lumbar degenerative scoliosis and the dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA), the lumbar canal anterior-posterior (LCAP) diameter, and the neural foraminal cross-sectional area (NFCA) in relation to facet joint tropism (FJT).

Methods: In a retrospective case-control study, we analyzed data from 160 patients referred for lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between January 2020 and December 2022. Cobb's angle on anteroposterior lumbosacral X-ray is served to identify the presence of degenerative lumbar scoliosis-Cobb's angle exceeding 10 degrees-, and axial T2W MRI is implemented to evaluate facet joint angles and tropism-defined as a difference exceeding 10 degrees between the facet joint angles at each level-, DSCA, LCAP, and NFCA.