Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular medicine: clinical applications.

Clinical medicine requires the integration of various forms of patient data including demographics, symptom characteristics, electrocardiogram findings, laboratory values, biomarker levels, and imaging studies. Decision-making on the optimal management should be based on a high probability that the envisaged treatment is appropriate, provides benefit, and bears no or little potential harm. To that end, personalized risk-benefit considerations should guide the management of individual patients to achieve optimal results.

Stretching to Reduce Pain-Related Disability Among Echocardiographic and Interventional Laboratory Employees-A Pilot Study.

Background: Stretching improves range of motion and changes the viscoelastic properties of muscle-tendon units. We hypothesized that a regular stretching program would reduce the functional consequences of pain for employees working in echocardiographic, ultrasound, and interventional laboratories. This exploratory, proof-of-concept study was meant to inform expectations for future randomized, controlled studies.

Novel superior oblique anterior fiber plication with or without adjustable sliding knot for extorsion.

Purpose: To report a novel surgical technique to correct excyclotropia, consisting of a superior oblique anterior fibers plication (SOAFP) with or without a hemihangback anterior knot, allowing access for postoperative adjustment.

Methods: A retrospective interventional case series was conducted. Fourteen patients, 21-92 years of age, underwent SOAFP (18 eyes, 14 eyes on adjustable), at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.

Characteristics of childhood intermittent exotropia with and without DVD.

: Although dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) is reported to occur rarely in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT), little is known regarding the clinical features of these children. The purpose of this study was to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with intermittent exotropia and DVD to those without DVD. : The medical records of all children diagnosed with intermittent exotropia at our institution from 1 January 2002, through 31 December 2018, who had 2 or more exams with 3 or more assessments of control, were retrospectively reviewed.

Proposed solutions to anthropogenic climate change: A systematic literature review and a new way forward.

Humanity is now facing what may be the biggest challenge to its existence: irreversible climate change brought about by human activity. Our planet is in a state of emergency, and we only have a short window of time (7-8 years) to enact meaningful change. The goal of this systematic literature review is to summarize the peer-reviewed literature on proposed solutions to climate change in the last 20 years (2002-2022), and to propose a framework for a unified approach to solving this climate change crisis.

Incidence and de novo mutation rate of Marfan syndrome and risk of ectopia lentis.

Purpose: To investigate the population-based incidence and de novo mutation rate of Marfan syndrome and risk of ectopia lentis.

Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with Marfan syndrome in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1976, through December 31, 2005, were identified through medical records review. Outcome measures were Marfan incidence, de novo mutation rate, risk of ectopia lentis.

Phenotype tailored lifestyle intervention on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with obesity: a single-centre, non-randomised, proof-of-concept study.

Background: Lifestyle interventions for weight loss are currently not individualised to underlying pathophysiology and behavioral traits in obesity. We aim to compare the outcome of a standard lifestyle intervention (SLI) to phenotype-tailored lifestyle interventions (PLI) on weight loss, cardiometabolic risk factors and physiologic variables contributing to obesity.

Methods: This 12-week, single-centre non-randomised proof-of-concept clinical trial including men and women aged 18-65 years with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 without history of any bariatric procedure, and current use of any medication known to affect weight.

Incidence and distribution of ocular disorders in the first year of life.

Purpose: To describe the incidence and distribution of eye diseases affecting children in the first year of life in Olmsted County, Minnesota.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective medical record review of infants (≤1 year of age) residing in Olmsted County diagnosed with an ocular disorder from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2014.

Results: A total of 4,223 infants were diagnosed with an ocular disorder, yielding an incidence of 20,242/100,000 births per year, or 1 in 4.

Prevalence and clinical features of orbital vascular anomalies in children.

Purpose: To report the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and natural history of orbital vascular anomalies diagnosed among children over a 50-year period.

Methods: The medical records of all patients <19 years diagnosed with any form of an orbital vascular anomaly (OVA) at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota from January 1 1966, through December 31 2015, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: A total of 109 children were diagnosed with OVA during the 50-year period, of which 24 were from Olmsted County, MN, yielding a birth prevalence of 1 in 4,305 live births.

Effect of adaptive servo ventilation on central sleep apnea and sleep structure in systolic heart failure patients: polysomnography data from the SERVE-HF major sub study.

This SERVE-HF (Treatment of Predominant Central Sleep Apnea by Adaptive Servo Ventilation in Patients With Heart Failure) sub study analysis evaluated polysomnography (PSG) data in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and predominant central sleep apnea (CSA) randomised to guideline-based medical therapy, with or without adaptive servo ventilation (ASV). Patients underwent full overnight PSG at baseline and at 12 months. All PSG recordings were analysed by a core laboratory.

Incidence and clinical characteristics of paediatric keratitis.

Background/aims: To report the incidence and clinical characteristics of paediatric keratitis diagnosed over a 10-year period in a well-defined population.

Design: Retrospective, population-based study.

Methods: Setting: multicentre.

Comparison of 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Acute Demyelinating Optic Neuritis.

Background: Optic neuritis (ON) is the most common optic neuropathy in young adults. MRI is reported to have a high sensitivity for ON. Higher signal strengths of MRI may enhance resolution and lead to better detection of ON.

Respiration-related variations in Pd/Pa ratio and fractional flow reserve in resting conditions and during intravenous adenosine administration.

Aims: We evaluated the occurrence and physiology of respiration-related beat-to-beat variations in resting Pd/Pa and FFR during intravenous adenosine administration, and its impact on clinical decision-making.

Methods And Results: Coronary pressure tracings in rest and at plateau hyperemia were analyzed in a total of 39 stenosis from 37 patients, and respiratory rate was calculated with ECG-derived respiration (EDR) in 26 stenoses from 26 patients. Beat-to-beat variations in FFR occurred in a cyclical fashion and were strongly correlated with respiratory rate (R  = 0.

Three-Decade Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Open-Angle Glaucoma at a Tertiary Care Center.

Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most prevalent risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma. However, IOP alone does not fully describe a mechanical basis for disease in patients with normal tension glaucoma or primary open-angle glaucoma. The translaminar pressure difference (TLPD) theory proposes that the pressure gradient generated by the difference of IOP and cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp) acting at the level of the optic nerve can lead to cupping and glaucoma when IOP is higher than normal and/or CSFp is lower than normal.

Usability of a Digital Registry to Promote Secondary Prevention for Peripheral Artery Disease Patients.

Objective: To evaluate usability of a quality improvement tool that promotes guideline-based care for patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).

Patients And Methods: The study was conducted from July 19, 2018, to August 21, 2019. We compared the usability of a PAD cohort knowledge solution (CKS) with standard management supported by an electronic health record (EHR).

Outcomes in accommodative esotropia with a high AC/A ratio.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to report the outcomes of high AC/A ratio accommodative esotropia (AET) among children.

Methods: The medical records of all children <19 years diagnosed with accommodative esotropia and a high AC/A ratio while residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 2004, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: A total of 512 patients were diagnosed with AET during the 30-year study period, of which 395 (77.

Translumbosacral Neuromodulation Therapy Is a Promising Option for Fecal Incontinence.

Fecal incontinence is a common symptom that can significantly impair quality of life. The treatment options range from conservative measures (e.g.

Clinical Utility of Serial Measurements of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies Targeting Proteinase 3 in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.

The utility of ANCA testing as an indicator of disease activity in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the association of ANCA testing by various methods and subsequent remission and examine the utility of a widely used automated addressable laser-bead immunoassay (ALBIA) to predict disease relapses. Data from the Rituximab vs.

Ipsilateral gaze deviation as a risk factor for surgical overcorrection in two-muscle surgery for unilateral superior oblique palsy.

Purpose: To investigate the angle of deviation in various gaze positions as a risk factor for overcorrection of moderate-angle unilateral trochlear nerve palsies treated with two-muscle surgery.

Methods: The medical records of consecutive patients with presumed unilateral moderate-angle trochlear nerve palsy who underwent two-muscle surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with overcorrection, defined as reversal of hyperdeviation by prism alternate cover testing at distance (straight ahead) or near measured at 6 weeks, were compared to non-overcorrected patients for their preoperative torsion and ocular alignment at near and distance.