Availability of Consumer Prices for Arthroscopic Meniscus Surgery.

The purpose is to examine the availability of consumer pricing information for arthroscopic meniscal surgery in the United States. Secondary objectives were comparing the price of meniscal repair to meniscectomy and regional pricing differences. Orthopaedic sports medicine clinics were sorted by state and randomly selected from American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine's online directory.

Both Debridement and Microfracture Produce Excellent Results for Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions of the Capitellum: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To analyze the available literature pertaining to the indications, outcomes, and complications of both microfracture (MFX) and simple debridement for capitellar osteochondritis dissecans (OCD).

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Studies were included if they evaluated OCD of the capitellum that underwent either arthroscopic debridement (AD) or MFX.

Brain vital signs detect concussion-related neurophysiological impairments in ice hockey.

There is a growing demand for objective evaluations of concussion. We developed a portable evoked potential framework to extract 'brain vital signs' using electroencephalography. Brain vital signs were derived from well established evoked responses representing auditory sensation (N100), basic attention (P300), and cognitive processing (N400) amplitudes and latencies, converted to normative metrics (six total).

Meta-analysis of meta-analyses of anterior cruciate ligament injury reduction training programs.

Several meta-analyses have been published on the effectiveness of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention training programs to reduce ACL injury risk, with various degrees of risk reduction reported. The purpose of this research was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of overlapping meta-analyses evaluating the effectiveness of ACL injury prevention training programs so as to summarize the amount of reduction in risk for all ACL and non-contact ACL injuries into a single source, and determine if there were sex differences in the relative efficacy of ACL injury prevention training programs. Five databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane) were searched to identify meta-analyses that evaluated the effectiveness of ACL injury prevention training programs on ACL injury risk.

The Timing of Hip Arthroscopy After Intra-articular Hip Injection Affects Postoperative Infection Risk.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of preoperative intra-articular hip injection with surgical site infection after hip arthroscopy.

Methods: A large administrative database was used to identify all patients undergoing hip arthroscopy from 2007 to 2015 within a single private insurer and from 2005 to 2012 within Medicare in the United States. Those that received an ipsilateral preoperative intra-articular hip injection were identified.

Eyes-Closed Single-Limb Balance is Not Related to Hypermobility Status in Dancers.

Hypermobility may be associated with decreased lower extremity proprioception, which in turn may increase injury risk. The prevalence of hypermobility in dancers varies across studies, but joint hypermobility appears to be more common in dancers than in the general population. The purpose of this study was to determine how hypermobility affects eyes-closed single-limb balance as an indirect measure of proprioception in dancers.

Sonographic Visualization of the Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Forearm: Technique and Validation Using Perineural Injections in a Cadaveric Model.

Objectives: To determine the ability to sonographically identify the posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm (PCNF) and its distal epicondylar branches using sonographically guided perineural injections in an unembalmed cadaveric model.

Methods: A single experienced operator used a 12-3-MHz linear array transducer to identify the PCNF and its distal epicondylar region branches in 10 unembalmed cadaveric specimens (6 right and 4 left) obtained from 10 donors. Sonographically guided perineural PCNF injections were then completed with a 22-gauge, 38-mm stainless steel needle to deliver 0.

Concussion in Ice Hockey: Current Gaps and Future Directions in an Objective Diagnosis.

Objective: This review provides an update on sport-related concussion (SRC) in ice hockey and makes a case for changes in clinical concussion evaluation. Standard practice should require that concussions be objectively diagnosed and provide quantitative measures of the concussion injury that will serve as a platform for future evidence-based treatment.

Methods: The literature was surveyed to address several concussion-related topics: research in ice hockey-related head trauma, current subjective diagnosis, promising components of an objective diagnosis, and current and potential treatments.

Effect of Exposure Type and Timing of Injuries in Division I College Football: A 4-year Single Program Analysis.

Background: Football players compete with a high risk of injury due to the sport. With the recent efforts to improve safety, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) established new terminology to clearly define exposure types and reduce the number of high contact exposures.

Objectives: To compare football injury rates (IR) with a focus on game versus practice, time in season of injury, mechanism of injury and utilizing recent exposure types defined by the NCAA (live contact, full-pads and non-contact).

Sonoanatomy and Pathology of the Posterior Band of the Gluteus Medius Tendon.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome is a common clinical entity that most often results from disorders of the gluteus medius tendon. There are two distinct bands of the gluteus medius tendon, and abnormalities may affect the anterior or posterior band in isolation or simultaneously. Although abnormalities of the anterior band are more common, awareness and sonographic detection of posterior band abnormalities is essential to guide treatment in the setting of greater trochanteric pain syndrome.

A novel 3D approach for determination of frontal and coronal plane tibial slopes from MR imaging.

Background: The proximal tibia is geometrically complex, asymmetrical, and variable, is heavily implicated in arthrokinematics of the knee joint, and thus a contributor to knee pathologies such as non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Medial, lateral, and coronal tibial slopes are anatomic parameters that may increase predisposition to knee injuries, but the extent to which each contributes has yet to be fully realized. Previously, two-dimensional methods have quantified tibial slopes, but more reliable 3D methods may prove advantageous.

Early Screening for Cardiovascular Abnormalities With Preparticipation Echocardiography: Feasibility Study.

Objective: The traditional history and physical (H&P) is a poor screening modality to identify athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death. Although better than H&P alone, electrocardiograms (ECG) have also been found to have high false-positive rates. A limited portable echocardiogram by a frontline physician (PEFP) performed during preparticipation physical examination (PPE) allows for direct measurements of the heart to more accurately identify athletes with structural abnormalities.

Ultrasound-Guided Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Cadaveric Investigation.

Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a common cause of exertional leg pain. It is commonly treated with a surgical fasciotomy, which has a surgical complication rate of up to 16% and takes approximately 6-12 weeks to return to preprocedure activity levels. Therefore, the development of a less invasive, effective outpatient intervention to treat CECS is desirable.

Intra-articular bone marrow concentrate injection protocol: short-term efficacy in osteoarthritis.

Aim: Evaluate intra-articular injection of bone marrow concentrate (BMC), followed by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection at 8 weeks follow-up in moderate/severe osteoarthritis.

Design: Single center, retrospective Case Series (n = 125).

Methods: Bone marrow was aspirated/concentrated using a standardized technique.

Sports Ultrasound: Applications Beyond the Musculoskeletal System.

Background: Traditionally, ultrasound has been used to evaluate musculoskeletal injuries in athletes; however, ultrasound applications extend well beyond musculoskeletal conditions, many of which are pertinent to athletes.

Evidence Acquisition: Articles were identified in PubMed using the search terms ultrasound, echocardiogram, preparticipation physical examination, glycogen, focused assessment with sonography of trauma, optic nerve, and vocal cord dysfunction. No date restrictions were placed on the literature search.

Advanced Ultrasound-Guided Interventions for Tendinopathy.

Tendinopathy is increasingly recognized as an important cause of musculoskeletal pain and disability. Tendinopathy is thought to be principally a degenerative process, rather than inflammatory as was traditionally believed. Consequently, traditional tendinopathy treatments focused solely on decreasing inflammation have often been ineffective or even harmful.