A Longitudinal Elective Facilitates Point-of-Care Ultrasonography Education for Medical Students: An Observational Study.

Objective: Determine if a longitudinal point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) elective for medical students is effective in improving POCUS knowledge.

Methods: We share the format of our longitudinal POCUS elective for medical students. To evaluate the efficacy of our longitudinal elective, we compare the difference between pre-elective and post-elective scores on a POCUS test using a paired t-test with threshold of statistical significance of p ≤ .

Is Medication Adherence Predictive of Cardiovascular Outcomes and Blood Pressure Control? The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).

Background: Adherence to study medications is crucial to evaluating treatment effects in clinical trials. To assess whether in the SPRINT trial, adherence and cardiovascular outcomes are associated regardless of intervention assignment.

Methods: This study included 9,361 participants aged ≥50 years, recruited from 102 clinics.

Evaluation and Medical Management of Patients with Cystine Nephrolithiasis: A Consensus Statement.

Cystinuria is a genetic disorder with both autosomal recessive and incompletely dominant inheritance. The disorder disrupts cystine and other dibasic amino acid transport in proximal tubules of the kidney, resulting in recurrent kidney stone formation. Currently, there are no consensus guidelines on evaluation and management of this disease.

The first Sri Lankan family with Dent disease-1 due to a pathogenic variant in the CLCN5 gene: a case report.

Background: Dent disease-1 is a rare X-linked recessive renal tubular disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the chloride voltage-gated channel 5 (CLCN5) gene. It is characterized by low-molecular-weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis and progressive renal failure. This is the first report of a CLCN5 pathogenic variant in a Dent disease-1 family of Sri Lankan origin, and it highlights the value of genetic evaluation in children with refractory proteinuria.

A reference system for urinary albumin: current status.

Background: Increased urinary excretion of albumin reflects kidney damage and is a recognized risk factor for progression of renal and cardiovascular disease. Considerable inter-method differences have been reported for both albumin and creatinine measurement results, and therefore the albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Measurement accuracy is unknown and there are no independent reference measurement procedures for albumin and no reference materials for either measurand in urine.

Relative performance of the MDRD and CKD-EPI equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate among patients with varied clinical presentations.

Background: The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation was developed using both CKD and non-CKD patients to potentially replace the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation that was derived with only CKD patients. The objective of our study was to compare the accuracy of the MDRD and CKD-EPI equations for estimating GFR in a large group of patients having GFR measurements for diverse clinical indications.

Design, Setting, Participants, And Measurements: A cross-sectional study was conducted of patients who underwent renal function assessment for clinical purposes by simultaneous measurements of serum creatinine and estimation of GFR using the MDRD and CKD-EPI equations and renal clearance of iothalamate (n = 5238).

Use of sevelamer hydrochloride as an oxalate binder.

Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that the cationic phosphate binder sevelamer hydrochloride could reduce hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate supersaturation in patients with enteric hyperoxaluria by binding fatty acids, binding phosphate and rendering calcium free to bind oxalate, and/or directly binding oxalate. A secondary objective was to assess changes in the urinary excretion of other substances associated with nephrolithiasis.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients with enteric hyperoxaluria were enrolled in a nonrandomized, open label trial of sevelamer hydrochloride (3,200 mg 3 times daily for 7 days).