Incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection post-vaccination: a survey among Indian doctors.

Purpose: The rollout of COVID-19 vaccines began in India in January 2021, with healthcare professionals being the first to receive vaccination. The purpose of this research was to study the incidence and severity of COVID-19 infections among Indian doctors, following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BBV152.

Methods: We conducted an online voluntary survey among Indian doctors who received one or two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BBV152.

Trunnion fracture of femoral prosthesis following a large metal-on-metal uncemented total hip arthroplasty: a case report.

Background: Trunnion fracture of the femoral prosthesis is an extremely rare complication following Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). There are very few reports in literature on trunnion fracture. All previously reported cases are of prostheses with smaller heads, unlike the large metal-on-metal articulation in our case, which is unique.

Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (central sparing type)-MRI and MR spectroscopy findings.

Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizure and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is a clinico-radiologic syndrome of acute encephalopathy characterized by biphasic seizure and altered consciousness in acute phase followed by restricted diffusion in bilateral cerebral parenchyma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the subacute stage. Here, we present the MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings in a case of AESD presenting in 4-year child and diagnosed based on clinico-radiological correlation.

An Unusual Cause of Failed Tracheal Decannulation-A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Failure of decannulation may occur due to unexpected upper airway problems. However, the presence of a membrane in between the vocal cords is usually rare. We report a case of a 46-year-old female, who presented with focal seizures and progressed to status epilepticus.

Direct Cannulation in Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery With Limited Resources.

Background: With increasing patient interest in minimally invasive procedures, it is more important than ever for surgeons to be current on the most common minimally invasive techniques in cardiac surgery. As minimally invasive cardiac surgery has evolved, the strategies and approaches to cardiopulmonary bypass access have evolved. Peripheral cannulation is convenient but carries a risk of retrograde dissection, embolization, stroke, and ipsilateral limb ischemia, whereas central aortic cannulation has the advantage of antegrade flow.

Assessing the relationship of the peroneal nerve to the posterolateral corner of the knee and influence of race on its dimensions- A MRI based study in Indian population.

Background: The relationship of Common peroneal nerve (CPN) to the posterolateral corner of the knee joint is important for surgeons who perform total knee arthroplasty to avoid injury to the nerve during surgery. This relationship varies among different races on account of anthropometry. This study aims to evaluate the anatomical location of this nerve in Indian patients using an MRI based reference system.

Prevalence of severe hypertension in a Sub-Saharan African community.

Background: Though some data from in-hospital or selected populations are available, there are no studies reporting community-level prevalence of Severe Hypertension (SH) in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: Study participants were recruited within the framework of The Heart Fund's global health initiative. Data were collected in August 2016 from 6 randomly selected sites, ensuring representativeness of both urban and rural areas.

When can I go home after my knee replacement? Factors affecting the duration of in-hospital stay after knee replacement.

Background: Despite a sevenfold decline in the number of postoperative nights (21-3) after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) over the last four decades, predictors of length of stay (LOS) are not fully understood. We attempted to ascertain these factors by analyzing a large cohort of patients.

Methods: Prospectively collected data between January 2016 and March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed at our institute.

The reconstruction of skull base defects in infants using pedicled nasoseptal flap-a review of four cases.

Introduction: Benign lesions of the skull base are common in the paediatric population, and are usually congenital in aetiology. Majority of these lesions are treated transcranially exposing the patients to a number of risks. Although endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) helps avoid many of these potential morbidities, CSF leak with its attendant complication remains a big concern.

Dextrocardia and corrected transposition of the great arteries with rheumatic tricuspid stenosis: a unique association.

A 37-year-old lady presented with difficulty in breathing, which had progressively worsened in the last few months. Investigations revealed dextrocardia, congenitally corrected transposition of aorta, severe left atrioventricular valve stenosis with regurgitation, and right atrioventricular valve regurgitation. Left atrioventricular valve stenosis with thickening of leaflets and commissural fusion were suggestive of rheumatic valvular heart disease.

Validating the Role of Steroid in Analgesic Cocktail Preparation for Local Infiltration in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Comparative Study.

Background: Pain control after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) through local analgesic cocktail preparation has gained widespread popularity in recent times. Local steroids have potent anti-inflammatory effect leading to reduced postoperative swelling and pain which might increase the efficacy and duration of local infiltration analgesia.

Aim: The aim is to evaluate whether the addition of local steroid to an injectable analgesic cocktail for periarticular infiltration leads to better pain control and knee range of motion (ROM) in the immediate postoperative period compared to patients who do not receive steroid in their cocktail.

Comparison between Multisite Infiltration Analgesia versus Adductor Canal Block for Pain Management in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study.

Background: Severe acute postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may cause significant morbidity to patients. Recent techniques such as peripheral nerve blocks have shown promising hope in providing appropriate pain control without systemic side effects. Adductor canal block (ACB) and multisite infiltration analgesia (MIA) are two techniques that are proven to be effective individually.

Giant bilateral posterior mediastinal liposarcoma excision.

A 50-year-old female, presented with severe dyspnoea and dysphagia only to solids. Chest-computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a giant bilateral intrathoracic mass in posterior mediastinum causing marked shift in the midline structures, squeezing the heart to sternum. CT-guided biopsy showed lipoma.

A Patient with Osteoarthritis Knee and Prior Patella Fracture: Single Stage Fixation and Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis knee associated with periarticular fractures (femur, tibia, or patella) in geriatric patients is a treatment challenge for orthopedic surgeon. In geriatric patient, early mobilization is key for a better outcome and to prevent immobilization related complications. Hence, this case report is important for all orthopedic surgeons.

Comparison of adductor canal block and IPACK block (interspace between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee) with adductor canal block alone after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective control trial on pain and knee function in immediate postoperative period.

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) is a peripheral nerve blockade technique that provides good pain control in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty which however does not relieve posterior knee pain. The recent technique of an ultrasound-guided local anesthetic infiltration of the interspace between popliteal artery and the capsule of posterior knee (IPACK) has shown promising results in providing significant posterior knee analgesia without affecting the motor nerves.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted from September 2016 to March 2017 in a total of 120 patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Comparative analysis of influence of adductor canal block and multimodal periarticular infiltration versus adductor canal block alone on pain and knee range of movement after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective non-randomised study.

Purpose: Pain management after total knee arthroplasty has seen many recent advances such as peripheral nerve blocks in order to improve the functional outcome and reduce morbidity after surgery. Adductor canal block (ACB) and multimodal periarticular infiltration (MPI) are two techniques that have been proven to be efficacious individually. We hypothesized that the combination of ACB with MPI would reduce pain and improve knee range of movement (ROM) compared to ACB alone.

Efficacy and safety of lixisenatide in a predominantly Asian population with type 2 diabetes insufficiently controlled with basal insulin: The GetGoal-L-C randomized trial.

Aims: To assess the effects on glycaemic control of lixisenatide vs placebo as add-on treatment to basal insulin (BI) ± metformin and effects on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction in patients with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Patients (n = 448) with inadequately controlled T2D were randomized (1:1) to lixisenatide or placebo as add-on to BI ± metformin for 24 weeks after an 8-week run-in phase, during which BI was titrated to a target self-monitored plasma glucose (SMPG; 4.4-5.

A comparative analysis of the role of Tranexamic acid as an independent variable in reducing intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing conventional total knee arthroplasty versus computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Blood loss in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an area of significant concern as it has an effect on patient morbidity and hospital stay. Among many different modalities to reduce blood loss, the use of Tranexamic acid has become a standard procedure nowadays. The aim of our study was to determine if Tranexamic acid alone decreases blood loss as an independent variable irrespective of other blood loss preserving measures.