Exploring microbial diversity in Kermanshah province's Kermanshahi oil through DGGE and sequencing analysis.

Background: Ghee, known as "roghane heiwâni," or "Kermanshahi oil" is a traditional fermented butter-like product highly esteemed for its nutritional value. Ghee is prepared using traditional methods and has substantial potential as a reservoir of probiotic microorganisms. Previous research delved into isolating and identifying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Kermanshahi through culture and PCR sequencing.

Impact of Dietary Isoflavones in Standard Chow on Reproductive Development in Juvenile and Adult Female Mice with Different Metabolic Phenotypes.

Two factors influencing female reproduction have been repeatedly studied in different animal species and humans, namely, 1. secondary plant compounds, especially phytoestrogens (mainly isoflavones (IFs)), and 2. the physical constitution/metabolic phenotype (e.

Cadmium Maximum Levels and Residue Situation in the German Wheat and Rye Harvest from 1975 to 2021.

For a better understanding of cadmium (Cd) accumulation over long time periods in cereals, Cd levels of the German wheat and rye harvest from 1975 to 2021 were analyzed. Overall, wheat had higher grain Cd concentrations than rye. Comparing mean values from different time periods showed that Cd levels in winter rye have stabilized, while Cd concentrations in winter wheat have decreased.

A novel genus of Pectobacterium bacteriophages display broad host range by targeting several species of Danish soft rot isolates.

The bacterial diseases black leg and soft rot in potatoes cause heavy losses of potatoes worldwide. Bacteria within the genus Pectobacteriaceae are the causative agents of black leg and soft rot. The use of antibiotics in agriculture is heavily regulated and no other effective treatment currently exists, but bacteriophages (phages) have shown promise as potential biocontrol agents.

High-pressure processing enhances saltiness perception and sensory acceptability of raw but not of cooked cured pork loins-leveraging salty and umami taste.

The salt (NaCl) content in processed meats must be reduced because of its adverse effects on cardiovascular health. However, reducing salt in meat products typically leads to a lower taste intensity and, thus, consumer acceptability. Industry interventions must reduce salt content while maintaining taste, quality, and consumer acceptability.

Optimization of sample clean-up for the determination of small amounts of MOSH and MOAH in edible oils - method DGF C-VI 22 (20).

Methods for determining MOSH and MOAH in edible oils showed major problems with interlaboratory comparability of analytical results, especially in the lower concentration range below 10 mg/kg. However, a method with improved sensitivity and reproducibility is urgently needed to obtain a valid data basis for minimization efforts. To cope this problem a new method was created in 2020.

Interacting bactofilins impact cell shape of the MreB-less multicellular Rhodomicrobium vannielii.

Most non-spherical bacteria rely on the actin-like MreB cytoskeleton to control synthesis of a cell-shaping and primarily rod-like cell wall. Diverging from simple rod shape generally requires accessory cytoskeletal elements, which locally interfere with the MreB-guided cell wall synthesis. Conserved and widespread representatives of this accessory cytoskeleton are bactofilins that polymerize into static, non-polar bundles of filaments.

Draft Genome Sequences of Three Lactic Acid Bacterial Strains Investigated for B Vitamin Biosynthesis.

The draft genome sequences of three lactic acid bacteria, namely, Limosilactobacillus reuteri 92071, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 92117-i3, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum 92072, and the presence of genes involved in the biosynthesis of B vitamins were determined. Limosilactobacillus reuteri 92071 showed complete gene clusters for vitamin B biosynthesis, with a GC content of 38.52 mol%.

CkP1 bacteriophage, a S16-like myovirus that recognizes Citrobacter koseri lipopolysaccharide through its long tail fibers.

Citrobacter koseri is an emerging Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, which causes urinary tract infections. We isolated and characterized a novel S16-like myovirus CKP1 (vB_CkoM_CkP1), infecting C. koseri.

Microbiota independent effects of oligosaccharides on Caco-2 cells -A semi-targeted metabolomics approach using DI-FT-ICR-MS coupled with pathway enrichment analysis.

Milk oligosaccharides (MOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are associated with many benefits, including anti-microbial effects and immune-modulating properties. However, the cellular mechanisms of these are largely unknown. In this study, the effects of enriched GOS and MOS mixtures from caprine and bovine milk consisting mainly 6'-galactosyllactose, 3'-sialyllactose, and 6'-sialyllactose on Caco-2 cells were investigated, and the treatment-specific metabolomes were described.

Investigation of Pulsed Electric Field Conditions at Low Field Strength for the Tenderisation of Beef Topside.

Tenderness is the most critical eating quality trait of meat, and consequently, processing interventions for meat tenderisation have significant economic relevance. The objective of this study was to investigate pulsed electric field (PEF) conditions for the tenderisation of beef topside. The PEF settings included combinations of three field strengths (0.

Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Lactobacilli in Sepsis Patients with Long-Term Antibiotic Therapy.

Lactobacilli are the most common probiotic bacteria found in the human gut microbiota, and the presence of acquired antibiotic resistance determinants carried on mobile genetic elements must be screened due to safety concerns. Unnecessary and inappropriate antibiotic therapy, as well as ingested antibiotic resistance bacteria (originating from food or food products), influence the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in human guts, with serious clinical consequences. The current study looked into the antibiotic resistance of lactobacilli isolated from the guts of sepsis patients on long-term antibiotic therapy.

Characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci and macrococci isolated from cheese in Germany.

Cheese, especially ripened varieties, harbor a very complex and heterogeneous microbiota. In addition to the desired microorganisms (starter cultures) added during cheese production, potentially harmful bacteria may also enter the production chain. Regarding the latter, the focus of this study was on coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and Macrococcuscaseolyticus.

Sodium accumulation has minimal effect on metabolite profile of onion bulbs.

Onions (Allium cepa L.) are considered a salt-sensitive crop. However, to date, little evidence supports this claim and information about the physiological and metabolomic effects of Na accumulation in onion plants is lacking.

Challenging the "gold standard" of colony-forming units - Validation of a multiplex real-time PCR for quantification of viable Campylobacter spp. in meat rinses.

Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial food-borne pathogen in Europe. Despite the accepted limits of cultural detection of the fastidious bacterium, the "gold standard" in food microbiology is still the determination of colony-forming units (CFU). As an alternative, a live/dead differentiating qPCR has been established, using propidium monoazide (PMA) as DNA-intercalating crosslink agent for inactivating DNA from dead, membrane-compromised cells.

Fat-free fermented concentrated milk products as milk protein-based microgel dispersions: Particle characteristics as key drivers of textural properties.

The popularity of fat-free fermented concentrated milk products, such as fresh cheeses and high-protein yogurt, has increased over the recent years, attributed to greater availability and improvements in taste and texture. These improvements have been achieved through modifications and new developments in processing technologies, for example, higher heat treatment intensities and incorporating different membrane filtration technologies. Though numerous processing parameters are discussed in the literature, as well as reasons behind the developments, detailed examinations of how process modifications affect the final textural attributes of these products are lacking.

Effects of ad libitum Free-Choice Access to Freshly Squeezed Domestic White Asparagus Juice on Intestinal Microbiota Composition and Universal Bio-Markers of Immuno-Metabolic Homeostasis and General Health in Middle-Aged Female and Male C57BL/6 Mice.

Background: Asparagus contains different bioactive and volatile components including pyrazines, sulphur-containing compounds, and polyphenols. Asparagus juice is a new low-calorie LAB-containing natural juice product, the usage of which is expanding. Pyrazines and sulphur-containing compounds are degraded by bacteria on one hand, but on the other hand, dietary polyphenols prevent human colorectal diseases as modulators of the composition and/or activity of gut microbiota.

Study protocol for a mixed methods exploratory investigation of aftercare services for gestational diabetes in women to develop a new patient-centred model in Germany: the GestDiNa_basic study.

Introduction: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with women who never had GDM. Consequently, the question of structured aftercare for GDM has emerged. In all probability, many women do not receive care according to the guidelines.

Metabolic fate and toxicity reduction of aflatoxin B1 after uptake by edible Tenebrio molitor larvae.

The use of insects as food and feed is gaining more attention for ecological and ethical reasons. Despite the high tolerance of edible yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the metabolic fate of the toxin along with its toxic potential in the insect is uncertain. The present study aimed at investigating the AFB1 mass balance and the metabolite formation in a feeding trial with AFB1-contaminated grain flour.

Health-related Quality of Life and Satisfaction with German Health Care Services in Patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy.

BackgroundCharcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathies entail a large group of diseases with different gene mutation patterns, which produce heterogeneous phenotypes. Although health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is significantly impaired, a comprehensive assessment of HRQOL in CMT patients in Germany considering phenotypical heterogeneity represented a research gap.ObjectiveThe aim was to assess HRQOL and the satisfaction with health care in CMT patients in Germany.

Draft Genome Sequences of Five Staphylococcus saprophyticus Strains Isolated from African Fermented Nono in Nigeria.

Five strains were isolated from the fermented milk product nono in Nigeria and were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform. The genome sizes ranged from 2.53 to 2.

Chronic intestinal inflammation drives colorectal tumor formation triggered by dietary heme iron in vivo.

The consumption of red meat is associated with an increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). Multiple lines of evidence suggest that heme iron as abundant constituent of red meat is responsible for its carcinogenic potential. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood and particularly the role of intestinal inflammation has not been investigated.

Sampling designs for rare time-dependent exposures: a comparison of the nested exposure case-control design and exposure density sampling.

In extensive cohort studies, the ascertainment of covariate information on all individuals can be challenging. In hospital epidemiology, an additional issue is often the time-dependency of the exposure of interest. We revisit and compare two sampling designs constructed for rare time-dependent exposures and possibly common outcomes - the nested exposure case-control design and exposure density sampling.