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Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Ch... Publications | LitMetric

3,552 results match your criteria: "Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry[Affiliation]"

Isolating Synaptic Vesicles from Neurospheres for Proteomics.

Methods Mol Biol

December 2024

Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.

This chapter presents an optimized method for isolating synaptic vesicles (SVs) from neurospheres derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The protocol begins with neurosphere cultivation to achieve mature neurons, which is essential for the functional studies of neuronal activity. Following this, neurosphere-derived synaptosomes are isolated, and SVs are enriched through differential centrifugation.

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Genome-wide collections of yeast strains, known as libraries, revolutionized the way systematic studies are carried out. Specifically, libraries that involve a cellular perturbation, such as the deletion collection, have facilitated key biological discoveries. However, short-term rewiring and long-term accumulation of suppressor mutations often obscure the functional consequences of such perturbations.

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Article Synopsis
  • Fast and ultrafast T2-weighted MRI sequences reduce motion artifacts, allowing for effective imaging of cerebrospinal fluid without the need for sedation in young children.
  • The study compared the ability of two fast MRI sequences and one ultrafast sequence to visualize common intracranial findings in 126 pediatric patients.
  • Results showed that while both fast sequences and ultrafast volume coverage sequences effectively identified neuropediatric pathologies, ultrafast sequences operate at seven times the speed but do not completely replace the standard T2 fast spin-echo sequence.
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The heterotrimeric G-protein αo subunit is ubiquitously expressed in the CNS as two splice variants Gα and Gα, regulating various brain functions. Here, we investigated the effect of single Gα, Gα, and double Gα knockout on the postnatal development of the murine mossy fiber tract, a central pathway of the hippocampal connectivity circuit. The size of the hippocampal synaptic termination fields covered by mossy fiber boutons together with various fiber length parameters of the tract was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of the vesicular Zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) or Synaptoporin at postnatal days 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and in the adult.

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A type III-Dv CRISPR-Cas system is controlled by the transcription factor RpaB and interacts with the DEAD-box RNA helicase CrhR.

Cell Rep

July 2024

Faculty of Biology, Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address:

How CRISPR-Cas systems defend bacteria and archaea against invading genetic elements is well understood, but less is known about their regulation. In the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the expression of one of the three different CRISPR-Cas systems responds to changes in environmental conditions.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the evolution and function of SPIRE actin nucleators, crucial for organelle transport in mammalian cells.
  • SPIRE proteins are found in holozoans, including choanoflagellates, and they interact with various proteins to facilitate actin filament formation and organelle movement.
  • The findings suggest that SPIRE originated in unicellular ancestors of animals, potentially playing a key role in the development of more complex multicellular organisms.
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  • Cancer cells adapt to various stresses, including those from treatments, through metabolic adaptability, focusing on the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
  • In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), high levels of AMPK expression and activity were observed, leading to the identification of PF-3758309 as a potential AMPK inhibitor through drug repurposing.
  • PF-3758309 not only demonstrates pre-clinical effectiveness in PDAC models but also helps sensitizes cancer cells to ferroptosis inducers, paving the way for AMPK-targeted therapies in combination treatments for this type of cancer.
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Background: The main natural reservoir for Campylobacter jejuni is the avian intestinal tract. There, C. jejuni multiplies optimally at 42 °C - the avian body temperature.

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Short-distance vesicle transport via phase separation.

Cell

April 2024

Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518036, China; School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Short-distance vesicle transport within cells, particularly for synaptic vesicles, does not rely on molecular motors and involves novel mechanisms that are not fully understood.
  • The study highlights that phase separation of synaptic proteins and vesicles allows for regulated and directional transport between different sub-compartments in presynaptic boutons, specifically involving the protein Piccolo.
  • Additionally, the research suggests that the Trk-fused gene (TFG) also influences vesicle trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus through phase separation, indicating a broader role of this process in cellular transport.
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In neuronal cell types, vesicular exocytosis is governed by the SNARE (soluble NSF attachment receptor) complex consisting of synaptobrevin2, SNAP25, and syntaxin1. These proteins are required for vesicle priming and fusion. We generated an improved SNAP25-based SNARE COmplex Reporter (SCORE2) incorporating mCeruelan3 and Venus and overexpressed it in SNAP25 knockout embryonic mouse chromaffin cells.

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Article Synopsis
  • Previous attempts at creating safer antifungal treatments were based on an outdated model, focusing on how they damage fungal cell membranes.
  • Researchers discovered that the key to the antifungal action of amphotericin B, a potent but kidney-damaging drug, lies in its ability to form sponge-like aggregates that extract crucial components from fungi.
  • By modifying amphotericin B to selectively extract ergosterol without harming human kidneys, scientists developed a new polyene compound, AM-2-19, which shows promise as a safer and effective treatment against various fungal infections.
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Yeast gene (alias ) operates in the initiation step of diphthamide synthesis on elongation factor 2.

Microb Cell

September 2023

Institute of Biology, Division of Microbiology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany.

In yeast, Elongator-dependent tRNA modifications are regulated by the Kti11•Kti13 dimer and hijacked for cell killing by zymocin, a tRNase ribotoxin. Kti11 (alias Dph3) also controls modification of elongation factor 2 (EF2) with diphthamide, the target for lethal ADP-ribosylation by diphtheria toxin (DT). Diphthamide formation on EF2 involves four biosynthetic steps encoded by the network and an ill-defined function.

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We compared the anti-influenza potencies of 57 adamantyl amines and analogs against influenza A virus with serine-31 M2 proton channel, usually termed as WT M2 channel, which is amantadine sensitive. We also tested a subset of these compounds against viruses with the amantadine-resistant L26F, V27A, A30T, G34E M2 mutant channels. Four compounds inhibited WT M2 virus in vitro with mid-nanomolar potency, with 27 compounds showing sub-micromolar to low micromolar potency.

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Tfap2b acts in GABAergic neurons to control sleep in mice.

Sci Rep

May 2023

Max Planck Research Group "Sleep and Waking", Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.

Sleep is a universal state of behavioral quiescence in both vertebrates and invertebrates that is controlled by conserved genes. We previously found that AP2 transcription factors control sleep in C. elegans, Drosophila, and mice.

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Many proteins involved in eukaryotic phosphate homeostasis are regulated by SPX domains. In yeast, the vacuolar transporter chaperone (VTC) complex contains two such domains, but mechanistic details of its regulation are not well understood. Here, we show at the atomic level how inositol pyrophosphates interact with SPX domains of subunits Vtc2 and Vtc3 to control the activity of the VTC complex.

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Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Anti-HT-29 Colorectal Cell Line Activity of Novel 8-Oxyquinolinate-Platinum(II)-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Targeted with Riboflavin.

Pharmaceutics

March 2023

CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina.

Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers developed three types of nanoparticles using 8-QO-Pt and riboflavin (RFV), which were created to be small and effective in delivering the drug; these nanoparticles had a size range of 144-175 nm and maintained a strong encapsulation efficiency.
  • * The study found that these RFV-targeted nanoparticles were more cytotoxic to colorectal cancer cells than the free 8-QO-Pt drug, while also showing a good safety profile, indicating their potential for
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Metabolic networks are interconnected and influence diverse cellular processes. The protein-metabolite interactions that mediate these networks are frequently low affinity and challenging to systematically discover. We developed mass spectrometry integrated with equilibrium dialysis for the discovery of allostery systematically (MIDAS) to identify such interactions.

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Bacterial Cellulose-Based Materials as Dressings for Wound Healing.

Pharmaceutics

January 2023

Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC), Partner Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (MPIbpC, MPG), Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios (CEI), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Maipú 1065, Rosario S2000, Argentina.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is produced by several microorganisms as extracellular structures and can be modified by various physicochemical and biological strategies to produce different cellulosic formats. The main advantages of BC for biomedical applications can be summarized thus: easy moldability, purification, and scalability; high biocompatibility; and straightforward tailoring. The presence of a high amount of free hydroxyl residues, linked with water and nanoporous morphology, makes BC polymer an ideal candidate for wound healing.

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N-methyladenosine (mA) regulates mRNA metabolism. While it has been implicated in the development of the mammalian brain and in cognition, the role of mA in synaptic plasticity, especially during cognitive decline, is not fully understood. In this study, we employed methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing to obtain the mA epitranscriptome of the hippocampal subregions CA1, CA3, and the dentate gyrus and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in young and aged mice.

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Article Synopsis
  • * This study developed a cost-effective spectrophotometric method at 514 nm to quantify VCZ simply and effectively, showing a linear response within a specified concentration range.
  • * The new method not only confirmed existing degradation products of VCZ but also identified a novel product, improving quantification stability and facilitating VCZ detection in tablets and human plasma.
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Digestion with restriction enzymes is a classical approach for probing DNA accessibility in chromatin. It allows to monitor both the cut and the uncut fraction and thereby the determination of accessibility or occupancy (= 1 - accessibility) in absolute terms as the percentage of cut or uncut molecules, respectively, out of all molecules. The protocol presented here takes this classical approach to the genome-wide level.

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  • The study examines how the complex fac-Re(bpy)(CO)Cl, a catalyst for CO reduction, assembles into 1D, 2D, and 3D structures on an Ag(001) surface using techniques like low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy.
  • Results show that the complex remains stable during sublimation and that depositing it at 300 K causes variations in surface coverage, with many molecules desorbing initially.
  • It also finds that specific crystal directions (<110>) are crucial for the binding of these complexes, influencing the arrangement of surface steps and facilitating the formation of monolayers before 3D structures develop.
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Pharmacological applications of nitric oxide-releasing biomaterials in human skin.

Int J Pharm

January 2023

Nanobiotechnology Area, Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC). Partner Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (MPIbpC, MPG) - CONICET. Maipú 1065, S2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina; Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed), Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important endogenous molecule that plays several roles in biological systems. NO is synthesized in human skin by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and, depending on the produced NO concentration, it can actuate in wound healing, dermal vasodilation, or skin defense against different pathogens, for example. Besides being endogenously produced, NO-based pharmacological formulations have been developed for dermatological applications targeting diverse pathologies such as bacterial infection, wound healing, leishmaniasis, and even esthetic issues such as acne and skin aging.

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