Sexually transmitted infections and HIV in self reporting men who have sex with men: A two-year study from India.

Homosexuality is not legally and socially accepted in India. Thus, this area of research has largely been ignored by Indian authors, resulting in dearth of knowledge, particularly with respect to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in this high-risk group. Over a period of two years (2013-2014), 738 males sought care at skin and venereal diseases clinics, 52 (7.

Multi-detector computed tomography imaging of large airway pathology: A pictorial review.

The tracheobronchial tree is a musculo-cartilagenous framework which acts as a conduit to aerate the lungs and consequently the entire body. A large spectrum of pathological conditions can involve the trachea and bronchial airways. These may be congenital anomalies, infections, post-intubation airway injuries, foreign body aspiration or neoplasms involving the airway.

Comparison of hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation with Truview PCD™, McGrath® and Macintosh laryngoscope in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized prospective study.

Context: We hypothesized that reduced oropharyngolaryngeal stimulation with video laryngoscopes would attenuate hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation.

Aim: Comparison of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation with video laryngoscopes and Macintosh (MC) laryngoscope.

Setting And Design: Superspecialty tertiary care public hospital; prospective, randomized control study.

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Siblings of Indian Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders.

This study determined the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in 201 siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders. Siblings were screened using Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and Social Responsiveness Scale, parent version. Screen-positive siblings were assessed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) criteria.

Role of serum interleukin-6 in deciding therapy for multidrug resistant oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell mediated immune response. T cells locally present in the involved tissues release cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6), which contributes to pathogenesis of OLP. Also IL-6 has been associated with multidrug resistance protein (MRP) expression by keratinocytes.

Impact of socio-economic status on ear health and behaviour in children: A cross-sectional study in the capital of India.

Introduction: Socio-economic differences in the society have been a major cause for the discrepancy in disease and behavioural patterns in society. With 360 million people (32 million children) in the world suffering from disabling hearing losses, it is imperative to gain an insight into the impact of differences in socio-economic strata on children's ear health issues, their knowledge of ear ailments and attitude towards ear health so as to suggest policies addressing ear health issues.

Methods: The study was carried out in two different school types namely government schools and private schools which represent wide difference in the socio-economic status of the students studying there.

Ewing's Sarcoma Multifocal Metastases to Temporal and Occipital Bone: A Rare Presentation.

Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a common malignant bone tumour seen to involve long bones, flat pelvic bones and ribs and vertebrae in majority of cases. Here, we present a rare case of aggressive primary ES of pelvic bones with multifocal metastases to temporal bone and occipital bone. The patient presented with facial palsy and an occipital swelling, and was referred for chemotherapy.

Hindi language tool for assessing pediatric cochlear implant recipients.

Introduction: Presently, in India, western material is mainly used for the assessment and planning of habilitation activities for paediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipients. There is no assessment material available in Hindi. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a parental questionnaire to assess auditory, speech and language skills of paediatric CI recipients in Hindi language for the age range of 3-7 years.

Twin tubal pregnancy: A large unruptured ectopic pregnancy.

Twin ectopic pregnancy is a rare occurrence, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 20 000 spontaneous pregnancies. We describe a case of unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy in which the gravid fallopian tube showed no signs of tubal rupture despite marked tubal distension. A 25-year-old woman presented with clinical features suggestive of large right-sided tubal ectopic pregnancy.

Impact of endoscopic sinus surgery on olfaction and use of alternative components in odor threshold measurement.

Background: One of the major causes of olfactory disturbances is chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and the main surgical modality to treat CRS is functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). It, therefore, is essential to assess the effect of this surgery on olfaction. Also, it is necessary to find new ways of measuring olfaction so as to reduce dependability on standard tests available.

Hereditary Multiple Gastrointestinal Atresia associated with Choledochal Cyst: A Rare Entity with Management Dilemma.

Multiple intestinal atresias are rare and its treatment is challenging. Here, we present a case of multiple gastro-intestinal atresia associated with choledochal cyst posing us a surgical challenge.

Dorsal wrist ganglion: Current review of literature.

Ganglion cyst is the most common soft tissue tumour of hand. Sixty to seventy percent of ganglion cysts are found in the dorsal aspect of the wrist. They may affect any age group; however they are more common in the twenties to forties.

Ophelia syndrome: Hodgkin lymphoma with limbic encephalitis.

Background: Limbic encephalitis, an immune-mediated encephalitis, results from inflammation in the medial temporal lobes. The paraneoplastic form is rare in pediatric population, and frequently precedes tumor diagnosis.

Case Characteristics: A 9-year-old boy receiving chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma, developed headache, temporal lobe seizures, anxiety, hallucinations, short-term memory loss and autonomic disturbances.

Platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection for recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis: clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and ultrasonographic changes in the morphology and vascularity of the common extensor tendon after injecting platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or corticosteroid (CS) for recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis (LE).

Methods: 30 patients aged 18 to 60 years with recalcitrant (>6 months) LE not responsive to oral medication or non-invasive treatment were randomised to receive PRP (n=15) or CS (n=15) injection. Patients were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Scale (DASH) score, Oxford Elbow Score, modified Mayo Clinic performance index for the elbow (modified Mayo score), and hand grip strength.

Haemophilic pseudotumour: surgical management of a rare case.

Haemophilia is a common cause of genetically inherited bleeding disorders. Pseudotumours occur in 1-2 % of persons with severe forms of haemophilia. These are a result of repeated haemorrhage into soft tissues, subperiosteum or a site of bone fracture with inadequate resorption of the extravasated blood.

Knee tuberculosis masquerading as pigmented villonodular synovitis.

Tuberculosis (TB), once a disease confined to undeveloped or developing nations is currently in resurgence, which is attributable to pandemic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and immigration from endemic areas. Tuberculous arthritis is difficult to diagnose early because of its atypical insidious clinical manifestations and nonspecific imaging findings. TB is also known as the 'great mimicker'.

Benign infantile seizures.

Background: Benign infantile seizures are a common form of idiopathic seizures in infants, but infrequently reported.

Case Characteristics: Four cases identified over a 9-month period.

Observation: All had a cluster of focal seizures, normal development and no abnormality on hematological and biochemical work-up.

Small for gestational age: growth and puberty issues.

Context: Small for gestational age infants have multifold increased risk of growth failure and adulthood disorders. Those who experience rapid catch up growth are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome, whereas those without catch up may end up with short stature. These children are also prone to an altered pubertal development.

Quality of life of unaffected siblings of children with chronic neurological disorders.

Objective: To study quality of life (QoL) of the siblings of children with chronic neurological disorders.

Methods: Between 1st August and 30th September, 2013, 50 children aged 12-18 y, whose child sibling was suffering from a chronic neurological disorder, were enrolled (Study group). Fifty age- and sex- matched siblings of apparently non-neurologically affected children were enrolled as controls (Control group).