165 results match your criteria: "Mattu University[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the rise of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and identifies risk factors for its recurrence among patients treated at Alert Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa from 2016-2021.
  • Through various statistical models, the study found that 34.3% of patients experienced recurrence, with a median time to recurrence of 12 months.
  • Key risk factors for reduced time until MDR-TB recurrence included lower weight, smoking, alcohol use, and prior TB treatment, while higher education levels and age were linked to longer recurrence times.
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  • The flipped classroom model is gaining popularity for its effectiveness in enhancing student learning by creating more engaging learning environments.
  • This study involved 55 students and their instructors, using a mixed-methods approach to assess improvements in behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement.
  • Findings indicated that the flipped classroom significantly boosted student engagement through active participation, improved interactions, and better knowledge acquisition, suggesting further research with larger samples could be beneficial.
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  • Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common issue among children with HIV in Ethiopia, exacerbated by factors like anemia and malnutrition, and the study aims to assess its prevalence using a clinical screening tool.
  • A cross-sectional study involving 148 children found a prevalence rate of 20.9% for PN, with those aged 15-18 and with low BMI being at higher risk, alongside factors like previous tuberculosis treatment.
  • Statistical analysis indicated that the duration of HIV illness was also linked to an increased likelihood of developing peripheral neuropathy.
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Background: Individuals living with HIV are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This heightened vulnerability is influenced by various factors, including the direct impact of HIV infection, the side effects of HIV medications, and a higher presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Detecting and managing cardiovascular diseases early in HIV-infected individuals is crucial for their overall health and well-being.

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Background: Food insecurity is a state in which people do not have both physical and economic access to sufficient food to meet their dietary needs. Food insecurity affects all nations despite that it is high in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. There is limited information on the magnitude of food insecurity and its associated factors among lactating mothers in Ethiopia.

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The worldwide exploration of the ethanolysis protocol (EP) has decreased despite the multifaceted benefits of ethanol, such as lower toxicity, higher oxygen content, higher renewability, and fewer emission tail compared to methanol, and the enhanced fuel properties with improved engine characteristics of multiple-oily feedstocks (MOFs) compared to single-oily feedstocks. The study first proposed a strategy for the optimisation of ethylic biodiesel synthesis from MOFs: neem, animal fat, and jatropha oil (NFJO) on a batch reactor. The project's goals were to ensure environmental benignity and encourage the use of totally biobased products.

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  • - Self-medication practices surged during the COVID-19 pandemic as people stockpiled medications, with roughly 80% taking action in response to the uncertainty and lack of effective treatments.
  • - A study conducted in southwestern Ethiopia surveyed 415 pharmacy clients to identify factors influencing self-medication, utilizing various statistical analyses to explore these associations.
  • - Findings indicated that self-medication was more common among females, those with higher education, individuals frustrated with public health facility wait times, and those fearing COVID-19, with analgesics and cold medicines being the most commonly used.
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Job satisfactions have impacts on productivity and essentials provision of care for maternal and child health in the rural area. Despite Health extension workers (HEWs) have pivotal role towards improvement of maternal and child health outcome, there is scarcity of data regarding their job satisfaction, hence this study was employed to assess the level of job satisfaction and associated factors among rural HEW in Buno Bedele Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. A Facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 393 randomly selected HEW from May to June, 2023.

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There has been an intense surge in interest in the search for alternative sources of petroleum fuels in the modern world as a result of the inflation of fuel prices and the historic supply gap. When compared to petroleum fuels, biodiesel is becoming an increasingly valuable option due to the fact that it produces less emissions and provides the almost same amount of energy. In point of fact, the prime aim of this work is to explore the possibility of utilizing biodiesel derived from lemongrass oil and including dibutyl ether as an additive for the test diesel engine operating on varied compression ratios.

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Mosquito-borne viral diseases such as dengue fever, chikungunya, and yellow fever have been documented in Ethiopia since the 1960s. However, the efficacy of public health insecticides against Aedes aegypti that transmits these viruses remains poorly understood in the country, particularly in the Afar Region. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess the susceptibility status of Ae.

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Article Synopsis
  • Malaria is a critical health issue in Ethiopia, particularly affecting vulnerable groups like children, pregnant women, and migrants, with a pooled prevalence rate of 11.10%.
  • The study analyzed data from 12 articles published since 2020 to identify risk factors associated with malaria, finding that stagnant water, lack of insecticide-treated net usage, and outdoor night activities increase the risk.
  • Conversely, using insecticide-treated bed nets is linked to a reduced risk of infection, highlighting the importance of preventive measures.
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Index Case HIV Testing Uptake and its Associated Factors at Oromia, Ethiopia.

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care

August 2024

Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Mattu University, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Background: Lack of index case testing increased the risk of contracting HIV among the families of index clients, partners, and biological children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of index case HIV testing uptake and its associated factors at Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted.

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The goal of this paper's novel energy-conscious routing method is to optimize energy usage and extend network lifespans using a new clustering probability. Versatile arrangements and a longer network lifespan (until the last node dies) are achieved through cluster-based routing strategies. Existing algorithms, such as low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), residual energy LEACH (RES-EL), and distributed residual energy LEACH (DIS-RES-EL), have been compared to the newly proposed algorithms: improved residual energy LEACH (IMP-RES-EL) and energy efficient LEACH (EEL).

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Objective: This review aimed to assess the current evidence on the relationship between resilience and mental health employed in response to the impacts of mental health.

Method: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). The protocol of this review was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42023470966).

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Background: Describing spatio-temporal occurrence and habitat characteristics of Aedes mosquito larvae is crucial for the control of Aedes borne viral diseases. This study assessed spatio-temporal abundance and habitat characteristics of Aedes larvae in the Southern Afar Region, Ethiopia.

Methods: Immature mosquitoes were surveyed in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns of the Southern Afar Region once per month from May 2022 to April 2023.

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Actinomycetes isolated from rhizosphere of wild Coffea arabica L. showed strong biocontrol activities against coffee wilt disease.

PLoS One

August 2024

Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mattu University, Mettu, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Coffee, the second most traded commodity globally after petroleum and is the most exported cash crop of Ethiopia. However, coffee cultivation faces challenges due to fungal diseases, resulting in significant yield losses. The primary fungal diseases affecting coffee production include coffee berry disease, wilt disease (caused by Gibberella xylarioides), and coffee leaf rust.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The World Health Organization now recommends that pregnant women have at least eight antenatal care (ANC) visits to enhance health care, but only 58% of women in sub-Saharan Africa, such as Ethiopia, are meeting this guideline.
  • - A recent study in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia, found that only 41% of pregnant women utilized optimal ANC services, highlighting significant gaps in care.
  • - Key factors associated with better ANC utilization included recognizing pregnancy danger signs, having a complicated obstetric history, and receiving care in a hospital setting.
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Background: The human immune virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is a major threat to the health of millions of people worldwide. In Ethiopia, there were more than a million people living with HIV/AIDS. The continuous and appropriate use of condoms, particularly among those who have HIV-positive clients, is essential to a comprehensive and long-term approach to avoiding HIV and other STIs as well as unintended pregnancy.

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  • Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major public health issue, especially in low-resource settings where underreporting is common; mHealth apps could improve ADR reporting efficiently.
  • A study in Ethiopia surveyed 422 healthcare professionals and found that 77.4% were willing to use mobile applications for ADR reporting, with their willingness influenced by factors like smartphone use, training, attitude, and perceived ease and usefulness of the apps.
  • The findings highlight the potential for mHealth apps to enhance pharmacovigilance practices among healthcare professionals in resource-constrained areas, indicating a need for more training and resources.
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Background: Telesurgery has become helpful in overcoming the current shortage of surgeons and reducing the barriers to timely and effective surgical intervention caused by long-distance travel, which is caused by distance, cost, complexity and frequent hazards. However, knowledge and attitude remain challenges in the implementation of such a system.

Objective: This study aimed to assess physicians' knowledge and attitude towards telesurgery and associated factors at resource-limited setting, Northwest Ethiopia.

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Mobile health has become widely used within the healthcare system, and there is an increasing worldwide trend toward employing this innovation for behavior management, disease monitoring, the control and prevention of various health issues, and rising enrollment in healthcare services. Although mHealth is becoming more widely available, there is no evidence about the attitude of healthcare professionals toward mHealth in southwest Ethiopia. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the attitude of healthcare professionals to using mHealth technology and associated factors in Ethiopia.

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Background: Hypothermia is one of the major causes of newborn death, particularly in low-income nations. This was due to poor thermal care in most of the rural communities. Recent studies show that there was a prevalence discrepancy between urban and rural communities where economic, educational, and life standard differences exist.

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In the present work, we report on theoretical studies of thermodynamic properties, structural and dynamic stabilities, dependence of unit-cell parameters and elastic constants upon hydrostatic pressure, charge carrier effective masses, electronic and optical properties, contributions of interband transitions in the Brillouin zone of the novel TlHgGeSe crystal. The theoretical calculations within the framework of the density-functional perturbation theory (DFPT) are carried out employing different approaches to gain the best correspondence to the experimental data. The present theoretical data indicate the dynamical stability of the title crystal and they reveal that, under hydrostatic pressure, it is much more compressible along the a-axis than along the c-axis.

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Background: Malaria continues to wreak havoc on the well-being of the community. Resistant parasites are jeopardizing the treatment. This is a wake-up call for better medications.

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