Presumptive renal tubular acidosis secondary to topiramate administration in a cat.

Objective: To describe renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and secondary acquired hyperaldosteronism in a cat as an adverse effect of topiramate therapy.

Case Summary: An 8-year-old neutered female cat on chronic oral topiramate therapy at a recommended dose (11.9 mg/kg q 8 h) for seizure control was presented with severe metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia.

Identification of risk factors for recurrent secondary septic peritonitis following initial surgical treatment of secondary septic peritonitis in dogs.

Objectives: To report the incidence of and risk factors for development of recurrent secondary septic peritonitis (RSSP) in dogs. To report the outcome of dogs treated surgically for RSSP.

Design: Retrospective study.

Anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis causing tracheal collapse in 4 small breed dogs.

Objective: To describe 4 cases of tracheal narrowing attributed to tracheal mucosal hemorrhage caused by anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity in breeds predisposed to tracheal collapse.

Case Summary: Over the years 2005-2014, 4 dogs were presented for respiratory distress secondary to diffuse tracheal narrowing. All dogs had possible anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion and prolonged prothrombin time.

Acute Liver Injury and Failure.

Acute liver injury and acute liver failure are syndromes characterized by a rapid loss of functional hepatocytes in a patient with no evidence of pre-existing liver disease. A variety of inciting causes have been identified, including toxic, infectious, neoplastic, and drug-induced causes. This article reviews the pathophysiology and clinical approach to the acute liver injury/acute liver failure patient, with a particular emphasis on the diagnostic evaluation and care in the acute setting.

Suspected drug-induced infiltrative lung disease culminating in acute respiratory failure in a dog treated with cytarabine and prednisone.

Objective: To describe a case of suspected drug-induced infiltrative lung disease (ILD) and acute respiratory failure associated with the administration of cytarabine and prednisone in a dog requiring mechanical ventilation.

Case Summary: A 4.5-year-old, female spayed Yorkshire Terrier presented to the ICU with acute onset of respiratory distress following a 24-hour cytarabine infusion.

Febrile neutropenia in cats treated with chemotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, potential causative agents, treatment and outcome of febrile neutropenia (FN) in chemotherapy-treated cats. Medical records from eight institutions were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 22 FN events in 20 cats were evaluated.

Retrospective evaluation of risk factors and outcome predictors in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis (1997-2007): 93 cases.

Objectives: To determine risk factors and outcome predictors in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Design: Retrospective study. Inclusion in the DKA group required blood glucose concentration > 13.

in pet rabbits: diagnosis and optimal management.

Encephalitozoonosis is a significant microsporidial disease of captive pet rabbits (). This article overviews the life cycle, pathogenesis, and host immune response to the parasite. Clinical presentation, differential diagnoses, antemortem diagnostics, and postmortem diagnosis will be discussed.

Retrospective evaluation of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia in 66 dogs (1993-2008).

Objectives: To clinically characterize a large group of dogs with the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) and to determine whether 2 HHS subgroups, dogs with hyperosmolar ketonuric (HK) diabetes mellitus (DM) and dogs with hyperosmolar nonketonuric (HNK) DM were clinically different from one another.

Design: Retrospective study. Records of 1,250 diabetic dogs that were examined between January 1993 and July 2008 were reviewed in order to identify dogs with HHS.

Alterations in the hemostatic profiles of dogs with naturally occurring septic peritonitis.

Objective: To characterize derangements in the hemostatic profiles of dogs with naturally occurring septic peritonitis and determine if such derangements were predictive of survival.

Design: Prospective, observational single cohort study.

Setting: University veterinary teaching hospital.

Evaluation of cytokines and hormones in dogs before and after treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis and in uncomplicated diabetes mellitus.

In human beings, diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are recognized as proinflammatory states and dysregulation of cytokines has been linked to some potentially fatal complications. Cytokine profiles of dogs with DM or DKA have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to compare cytokine and hormone concentrations in dogs with DKA before and after resolution of ketoacidosis, to compare these concentrations before treatment of DKA to those measured in dogs with uncomplicated DM and healthy dogs, and to compare concentrations in dogs with uncomplicated DM to those measured in healthy dogs.

Orofacial manifestations of high-rise syndrome in cats: a retrospective study of 84 cases.

Medical records of cats with high-rise trauma were reviewed to document the prevalence and clinical manifestations of orofacial injury. Cats were presented over a 10-year period from January 2000 to December 2009. Signalment, weight, number of stories fallen, and survival data were recorded in 84 cats and physical examination findings were obtained from 83 cats.

Use of lispro insulin for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in dogs.

Objectives: To characterize the use of lispro insulin in dogs with diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) and to compare the length of time required for resolution of hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis, respectively, in dogs with DKA treated with lispro or with regular insulin.

Design: Randomized prospective clinical trial performed between November 2006 and May 2009.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Essential considerations for equine oral examination, diagnosis, and treatment.

Equine dentistry should no longer be thought of as art over science. To be an effective equine dental clinician requires considerable investment in knowledge beyond the basic veterinary degree. It requires current scientific dental knowledge and adherence to the fundamental principles of medicine, dentistry, and surgery.

White blood cell count and the sodium to potassium ratio to screen for hypoadrenocorticism in dogs.

Background: Abnormal sodium to potassium (Na:K) ratios can raise suspicion for hypoadrenocorticism (HA). Although dogs with HA usually have normal leukograms, their white blood cell counts may be useful in screening for HA.

Objectives: To examine the utility of combining the Na:K ratio with white blood cell counts to screen for HA in hospitalized dogs requiring fluid treatment administered i.

Prognostic significance of weight changes during treatment of feline lymphoma.

The study purpose was to determine the prognostic significance of weight changes during feline lymphoma treatment. A secondary purpose was to compare weight changes according to baseline body weight, cell type and location. Records of 209 cats treated for lymphoma with chemotherapy from 1995 to 2007 were evaluated.

Oral examination results in rescued ferrets: clinical findings.

Ferrets have increased in popularity as pets, and a growing number are seen in companion animal practice. Domestic ferrets are commonly used as animal models for research of human oral conditions. The present study evaluated the prevalence of oral pathology in rescued ferrets which - to the authors' knowledge - has not yet been described in the scientific literature.

Fibrosarcoma arising at the site of a retained surgical sponge in a cat.

An 8-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat had an abdominal mass palpated as an incidental finding on physical examination. Cytologic findings in ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirates of the mass were most compatible with a sarcoma, with abundant mineralized material and mixed inflammation. The mass was removed surgically and on gross examination was white-tan, firm, associated with the mesentery, and when transected contained a gauze sponge in its center.

Description of clinical and pathological findings, treatment and outcome of feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma (1996-2004).

Feline large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma is an uncommon, morphologically distinct variant of feline lymphoma. Limited information exists in the literature regarding pathological and immunohistochemical descriptions, clinical findings, treatment and survival times. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical features, treatment and outcome in feline LGL lymphoma.

Complication rate, outcome, and risk factors associated with surgical repair of fractures of the lateral aspect of the humeral condyle in dogs.

Objective: To determine outcome, report complications, and risk factors for complications associated with the surgical treatment of fractures of the lateral aspect of the humeral condyle (FLHC) in dogs.

Study Design: Fifty dogs with FLHC that had been repaired surgically were included in this retrospective case series.

Methods: The medical records and radiographs from 50 dogs with FLHC from 1990--2006 were analyzed.

CT-guided stereotactic brain biopsy using the Kopf stereotactic system.

This report describes computed tomography (CT)-guided stereotactic brain biopsy using the Kopf stereotactic system, a commercially available patient restraint system which does not require additional modification for use in small animals. The accuracy of biopsy needle placement was determined by injecting dilute iohexol into cadaver brains and comparing the three-dimensional coordinates of the desired target location to the actual needle tract observed on postcontrast CT images. Overall mean error in needle placement in a dorsoventral trajectory was 0.

Significant association between tooth extrusion and tooth resorption in domestic cats.

Abnormal extrusion of canine teeth is often noted in middle-aged and geriatric domestic cats. The same age group of cats also is commonly affected by tooth resorption (TR). This study explored the relationship between these two phenomena of unknown etiology.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is associated with histologic tumor type in canine mammary carcinoma.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible member of the family of cyclooxygenase enzymes that has been implicated in the genesis of numerous cancers. The role of COX-2 in canine mammary neoplasia remains to be more clearly elucidated. The goal of the study reported here was to determine whether a direct association between levels of COX-2 expression and tumor histologic subtype exists in canine mammary carcinoma.